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Advanced_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Lecture_Notes

The document presents lecture notes on advanced data structures and algorithms, covering topics such as trees, graphs, hashing, and specialized structures. It includes detailed sections on binary search trees, graph algorithms, and advanced data structures like heaps and tries. The notes conclude with references for further reading on the subject.

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2 views8 pages

Advanced_Data_Structures_and_Algorithms_Lecture_Notes

The document presents lecture notes on advanced data structures and algorithms, covering topics such as trees, graphs, hashing, and specialized structures. It includes detailed sections on binary search trees, graph algorithms, and advanced data structures like heaps and tries. The notes conclude with references for further reading on the subject.

Uploaded by

fm4044826
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Data Structures and Algorithms

Lecture Notes

Computer Science Department

June 2025
Table of Contents

1. Introduction...........................................1
2. Trees and Balanced Trees..............................3
3. Graph Algorithms......................................7
4. Hashing and Hash Tables...............................11
5. Advanced Data Structures (Heaps, Tries)...............15
6. Conclusion and References.............................19
1. Introduction

In this lecture, we explore advanced data structures and algorithms


that optimize performance for various computational tasks.
We cover trees, graphs, hashing, and specialized structures.
2. Trees and Balanced Trees

2.1 Binary Search Trees (BST)


- Definition and properties
- Operations: search, insert, delete (O(h) time)

2.2 AVL Trees


- Height-balanced BST
- Rotations to maintain balance (single and double rotations)

2.3 Red-Black Trees


- Properties and color constraints
- Insertion and deletion algorithms
3. Graph Algorithms

3.1 Graph Representations


- Adjacency matrix vs adjacency list

3.2 Traversal Algorithms


- Depth-First Search (DFS)
- Breadth-First Search (BFS)

3.3 Shortest Path Algorithms


- Dijkstra's Algorithm (non-negative weights)
- Bellman-Ford Algorithm (handles negative weights)

3.4 Minimum Spanning Trees


- Kruskal's Algorithm
- Prim's Algorithm
4. Hashing and Hash Tables

4.1 Hash Functions


- Requirements for good hash functions

4.2 Collision Resolution


- Chaining
- Open addressing (linear probing, quadratic probing, double hashing)

4.3 Applications of Hash Tables


- Caches
- Symbol tables in compilers
5. Advanced Data Structures

5.1 Heaps
- Binary heap: array implementation, heap operations (O(log n))

5.2 Tries
- Prefix trees for string retrieval
- Operations: insert, search, delete

5.3 Other Structures


- Segment trees
- Fenwick (Binary Indexed) trees
6. Conclusion and References

This document provided an overview of advanced data structures


and algorithms essential for high-performance applications.

References:
1. Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., & Stein, C. (2009).
Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press.
2. Sedgewick, R., & Wayne, K. (2011). Algorithms. Addison-Wesley.
3. Goodrich, M. T., Tamassia, R., & Goldwasser, M. H. (2014).
Data Structures and Algorithms in Java. Wiley.

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