Topic 4: Project Scope Management -
Calculation Guide & Key Questions
� Calculation Parts with Formulas & Explanations
1. Order of Magnitude Cost Estimates
➤Description:
Used early in the project to provide rough cost estimates.
These estimates help stakeholders decide whether to move forward.
They are usually expressed as a range (e.g., -25% to +75%).
➤Example:
If estimated cost = $100,000, range = $75,000 to $175,000.
2. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Estimations
➤Description:
WBS breaks the project into manageable sections. While WBS has no direct formula, it
enables cost and time estimation for each task or deliverable.
➤Formula Used Post-WBS:
Total Estimated Cost = Σ (Cost of each WBS element)
3. Variance (Scope Control)
➤Formula:
Variance = Planned Value - Actual Performance
➤Explanation:
Used in scope control to track deviations.
➤Example:
If planned cost is $1000 and actual is $1200, then:
Variance = 1000 - 1200 = -200 (Over budget)
✅Top Questions and Answers
Q1. What is the purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?
A: It divides the project into manageable tasks, supporting planning, estimation, and scope
control.
Q2. What approaches can be used to develop a WBS?
A: Guidelines, Analogy, Top-down, Bottom-up, and Mind mapping.
Q3. What is a WBS Dictionary?
A: It provides details for each WBS element like scope, cost, time, and responsibility.
Q4. What is scope verification?
A: It involves inspecting deliverables to ensure they meet requirements and are accepted by
stakeholders.
Q5. Define and calculate variance in scope control.
A: Variance shows the difference between what was planned and what occurred.
Example:
Planned: $1500
Actual: $1300
Variance = 1500 - 1300 = 200 (Under budget)