Indian VC Ecosystem
Indian VC Ecosystem
INDIAN VC
ECOSYSTEM
2024
KEY 1# To assess the Indian venture capital landscape
in 2024
OBJECTIVE
2# To analyse key trends, sectoral dynamics,
and geographic shifts that have shaped the
investment environment
2
OVERVIEW
• In 2024, VC deals in India increased to 536 from 460 in 2023, with investments rising to
₹19,900 crore $2.38 billion) from ₹15,371 crore $1.85 billion) the previous year. However,
exits declined to 72 from 82 in 2023, and harvest values fell to ₹21,974 crore $2.62 billion)
from ₹28,993 crore $3.51 billion).
• During the Union Budget 2024, the Indian government abolished angel tax for all investors,
effective FY 202526, unlocking new growth for startups.
• The ₹10 billion VC fund for the space sector further strengthens India's global innovation
stance, boosting investor confidence and supporting sector-specific startups.
Sources: Venture Intelligence; PIB 3
EXPERTʼS Early-stage funding in India saw strong momentum in 2024, driven by domestic
consumption, government initiatives, and digital public infrastructure. Quick
TAKE commerce startups like Zepto and wealth tech startups like Dezerv attracted
significant capital, while tech-led NBFCs and regulated fintechs flourished.
However, SaaS beyond Series A, healthtech, and edtech funding remained muted.
Looking ahead to 2025, consumer tech and fintech will continue to dominate
investor interest, with generative AI unlocking new B2B and B2C applications.
Startups addressing underserved Tier 2 cities, rural markets, and SMEs hold
immense potential, while edtech and healthtech are poised for a rebound through
upskilling and
4 omni-channel clinics.
Challenges remain; founders must achieve product-market fit earlier, fintechs face
tightening regulations, and consumer tech players need to lower acquisition costs.
Yet, Indiaʼs vibrant IPO market signals a bright future, creating significant
opportunities for VCs to deliver returns and drive growth across the ecosystem.
Adith Podhar
Founding Partner, Gemba Capital 4
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS AND GROWTH
Surge in VC Funding
• VC Deal Activity: In 2024, the number of VC deals in India increased to 536, a 16.5% rise
from 460 in 2023
• Investment Growth: Total investments rose by 29.5%, rising to ₹19,900 crore $2.38
billion) from ₹15,371 crore $1.85 billion) the previous year.
• Global Share: India accounted for 7.1% of global VC deal volumes and 4.2% of the global
disclosed funding value.
TAKE the end saw decent outcome with approximately USD 10 billion investment during
the year with D2C being a flavour however what caught attention was interest in
deep tech with special interest in semiconductor. The 2024 also saw quite a few
funds closing their fund at decent size of USD 300 mil. Though the year has been
a mix from investment perspective but overall has set up tone for positive outlook
for 2025. Few funds saw closer in 2025 and many more looking to announce close
in 2025, hence the year ahead looks quite positive with lot of funds looking to
deploy decent amount in Startups. The flavour should continue as was in 2024 like
D2C, deep tech and of course quite a few decent IPO news. Overall, 2025 should
be exciting.
Anil Joshi
Founder & Managing Partner, Unicorn India Ventures and VC Council, IVCA 6
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS AND GROWTH
SIGNIFICANT DEALS
• Zepto raised $665 million in June 2024 and an additional $340 million in August.
• Other major deals included Meesho $300 million), PharmEasy $216 million), PhysicsWallah $210 million), and Purplle $178.4 million).
• In 2024, the number of deals surpassing $100 million reached 16, marking a 45% increase from 2023, underscoring strengthened investor
confidence in the Indian startup ecosystem.
• This year proved highly rewarding for venture capitalists, as years of strategic investments in startups delivered substantial returns. VC funds
generated over $4 billion through IPOs and public market sales - twice the amount earned in 2023 and 2.5 times that of 2022.
TAKE
• IPOs - healthy spate of IPOs 25 tech IPOs) on Indian bourses and the
pipeline looks healthy for next year too.
• Balanced valuations and deal activity in the ecosystem
• Profitable startups - we saw a large number of companies on path to
profitability through 2023 and 2024.
The holy grail of the ecosystem is when investors at the IPO and immediately
post IPO are able to make healthy capital gains in line with markets and with the
triangulation of the above 3 factors, we are on track.
Ashish Fafadia Cross border payments and trade for SMEs continue to be a challenge - we should find a way to ensure
our SMEs are able to partake in global trade easily as India's share of global trade grows.
Partner, Blume Ventures 8
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS AND GROWTH
Sector-Specific Growth
Gautam Patel
Founder & Managing Partner, Z3Partners 10
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS AND GROWTH
Geographic Insights:
$3.01B
$3.13B
• VC funding grew by 50.4% YoY in the first three quarters of 2024, reaching $8.3
billion, primarily driven by large, growth-stage deals.
TAKE Asia and India. We closed investments across multiple sectors such consumer
brands, AI led software as a service, electric mobility and made our first
investment in the semiconductor space. There were many hits this year. The
quality of start-ups has significantly improved and founders are focusing on
building long term, sustainable business with IPO ambitions. The investor
landscape has also matured and valuations have recalibrated, creating a
favourable environment for sourcing good deals and as well as managing exits at
later stages and we believe both are essential for the ecosystem to thrive and
attract long term
12 investors. We expect this goodness to continue in 2025, and are
hoping some of the more nascent sectors such as AI, climate technologies and
deep tech mature and provide investment opportunities for funds like ours.
Kanika Mayar
Partner, Vertex Ventures SE Asia & India 12
QUARTERLY
BREAKDOWN 134
of VC Deals in 24
144
The venture capital dealmaking in India in 2024 showed an
overall improvement compared to the previous year. The
number of deals peaked at 144 in Q2, with sustained
Quarter
activity throughout the year despite a gradual decline in
132
the second half.
No. of Deals
of VC Investments in 2024
4971
Venture capital investments in India in 2024 exhibited a fluctuating 4791
4588
Investments ( in ₹/ creore)
trajectory, with significant quarterly variations. Investments began
at ₹4,791 crore in Q1 and peaked at ₹5,550 crore in Q2, marking a
robust 15.8% growth.
Dip in VC Exits:
In 2024, exits declined by 12.2%, dropping to 72 from 82 in 2023, while harvest values fell by 24.2%, reaching
₹21,974 crore $2.62 billion) from ₹28,993 crore.
14% 0.6%
$2.20 billion) in VC investments, reflecting a
slowdown after the pandemic-driven surge
marginal decline of 0.6% from January to
in 20212022.
November 2023.
TAKE China. India has recovered the fastest from the Tech, VC winter with signs of $15Bn
of annual investments as the new normal. Domestic consumption, world-class
digital public infrastructure, and India as a hub of global innovation, are some of
the engines firing to fuel Indiaʼs digital prowess in the world. India has delivered
$70Bn of exits to domestic and global VC investors, led by the most vibrant IPO
market in the world. New-age Tech stocks in India now boast $125Bn of
market-cap that has been created just in the last 36 months across 100+ new
companies. The start-up and VC Indian juggernaut is looking secular with
world-leading business models in areas like: AI & SaaS, D2C brands (built even for
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global markets), DeepTech (biotech, defense, health, manufacturing,
semiconductors, and space), and FinTech to name a few. Contribution of Indiaʼs
Tech ecosystem can be as much as 20% of Indiaʼs $7.5Tn economy in the next
decade which would be a game changing outcome.
Manish Kheterpal
Co-Founder & Partner, WaterBridge Ventures and Vice Chair, VC Council, IVCA 16
REGULATORY ANALYSIS
Economic and Regulatory Uncertainty:
Amid the ever-evolving landscape, we are launching #VC101 online this year - an industry-first, game-changing knowledge
sharing and learning program, meticulously designed to empower the next generation of innovative Fund Managers.
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Click here for more details: https://www.ivca.in/vc-101#about
EXPERTʼS
2024 was very interesting: The significant 45% increase in venture capital
TAKE funding in the first half of 2024 compared to the latter half of 2023 clearly
signals renewed investor confidence. This upward trajectory, with $6.4 billion
raised in just six months, reflects the resilience and potential of Indian startups
despite a challenging global environment.
• 2025 looks promising: While Spacetech is growing well, new sectors like
hardware / electronics/ semi conductors are becoming interesting
• Agility with governance will be the focus as sectors innovate and
technologies like AI will accelerate disruption
Padmaja Ruparel
Co-Founder of Indian Angel Network and EC & VC Council IVCA 18
PROMINENT EXITS OF 2024
HONASA CONSUMER
SWIGGY LIMITED
PARENT OF MAMAEARTH
Method: IPO, Public market sale Method: IPO, Public market sale
Method: IPO, Public market sale Buyer: A91 Partners, Xponentia Capital, IIFL AMC
of VC Exits in 2024 18
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In 2024, Venture Capital exits in India, peaked at 24 exits in
Q4, the highest of the year. The year began with 11 exits in Q1,
which rose significantly by 72.7% to 19 in Q2, signalling
No. of Deals
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improved market conditions for exits. Q3 experienced a slight
dip to 18 exits 5.3% from Q2, but the trend remained
relatively stable.
Harvest ( ₹/ creore)
positive trajectory persisted in Q3, with the value climbing to ₹5,917 5917
crore, an 89.7% increase from Q2, reflecting a favourable environment
for exits.
3119
Q4 saw an even more impressive rise, doubling from Q3 to ₹11,864
crore, highlighting a significant uptick in exit volumes driven by an
1074
optimistic economic outlook.
The inaugural flagship forum, held on November 14, 2024, in Mumbai, brought Scheduled for 7th August 2025.
together over 120 delegates from venture capital, institutional investors, and Please stay tuned to IVCA website for more details.
start-ups. Supported by Peak XV Partners, PwC, Redington Limited, SKI Capital
Services, Shardul Amarchand Mangaldas & Co, and Uniqus Consultech Inc.,
the event featured 35+ expert speakers who shared insights on exit strategies,
including IPOs, secondary sales, and founder case studies. The forum offered
innovative strategies for managing investor exits, making it a key event for
stakeholders in the ecosystem.
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23
2024 has been a transformative year for the Indian VC ecosystem, with
TAKE
& Exit Strategies Forum 2024, which explored critical exit strategies shaping Indiaʼs
startup ecosystem. These platforms have fostered collaboration, shared insights,
and driven impactful conversations.
Prashanth Prakash
Founding Partner, Accel and Co-chair, VC Council & EC IVCA 24
THE STARTUP IPO LANDSCAPE
IPOREADY STARTUPS Startup funding in India is evolving, with an increase in overall investments and larger deal sizes. The focus has
shifted towards late-stage startups, particularly those preparing for initial public offerings IPOs, which are receiving
ATTRACTING
considerable attention from investors.
SIGNIFICANT
ATTENTION
SEBI'S It simplified IPO access for startups with a 2-year operational history or no profits, promoting innovation-driven
businesses. Companies such as Swiggy, Ola Electric, and Go Digit leveraged this to tap into rising market demand.
REGULATION 62
This initiative enhanced IPO market dynamism, benefiting sectors like tech, fintech, edtech, and consumer goods.
ROBUST IPO India's IPO activity remained robust in November 2024, raising ₹35,729 crore - one of the highest monthly totals.
Notable listings included Swiggy, NTPC Green Energy, and firms in the construction sector. The average issue
ACTIVITY
size rose from ₹983 crore in October to ₹4,466 crore in November.
SURGE IN STARTUP IPOS The highlight of the year was the surge in startup IPOs, with a record 12 startups going public and raising
billions.
IMPACT OF US Changes in US economic policies, especially under new leadership of Donald Trump, could positively impact
startup funding dynamics in India. The US Fed's rate cut may act as a catalyst, as lower interest rates historically
POLICIES
encourage investment in riskier assets like venture capital, vital for startup growth.
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Source: Uniqus; CNBC TV18; Outlook
EXPERTʼS
2024 will go down as the year of the rebuild despite heightened uncertainty.
TAKE 2024 saw 74 global elections, with more than half of the world populationʼs
leaders being elected. This election supercycle increased risk massively as
many billions of dollars under incumbent programs coming under threat. But
2024 also shows signs of recovery as the Indian stock markets saw more Tech
IPOs than the NASDAQ – a historic high for the Indian startup ecosystem. The
year was also punctuated by regulatory upheavals as various changes have
changed how investors fundamentally assess certain sectors. 2025 will see
more IPOs and a number of GPs launching new funds. It will signal a renewal in
funding despite the uncertainty of global decoupling. It's in this uncertainty
that alternatives thrive.
Siddarth Pai
Founding Partner, CFO, and ESG Officer, 3one4 Capital Advisors and EC, IVCA 26
THE STARTUP IPO LANDSCAPE
From January to December 2024, 90 companies 69 April to December 2024) successfully listed on the mainboard,
LISTINGS ON MAIN collectively raising an impressive INR 1.59 lakh crores (approximately USD 18.76 billion) INR 1.46 lakh crores for April
BOARD to December 2024 USD 17.23 billion).
Average Subscription (times) : The overall investor participation has touched 60x the subscription value for the year
INVESTOR
2024 61x for April to December 2024. January to October period registered an average of 65x subscriptions
PARTICIPATION
following an active participation among the investors with Non-institutional investors NII) averaging 105x followed by
Qualified Institutional Buyers QIB) at 89x and retail participation at 33x. This was followed by a significant dip in
November month as the subscriptions plummeted to a mere 14x, with retail participation at 5x, while QIPs and NIIs
subscribed close to 20x, registering a decline of 77% from the subscription levels seen during the period January to
October 2024. However, December month registered a significant increase in participation, bringing back the
subscription levels to normalcy as seen in the earlier periods with a total of 52x subscription, majorly contributed by
QIBs at 78x.
The IPO market displayed robust performance between January to December 2024, with nearly 58% of issuers 64% for
IPO RETURNS April to December 2024) achieving gains exceeding 15%. The average listing gain during this period stood at an
impressive 30% 34% for April to December 2024.
Source: Uniqus
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THE STARTUP IPO LANDSCAPE
INVESTOR BEHAVIOR Flipping behavior remained prominent, with approximately 54% of IPO shares (by value) allotted to investors (excluding
anchor investors) being sold within a week of listing.
USE OF PROCEEDS A year-long analysis of fund utilization reveals notable trends. General corporate purposes GCP) and unidentified
acquisitions account for the largest share at 25%, followed by working capital funding at 21%. Funding for capital expenditure
CapEx lags behind at 14%, indicating a more limited focus on long-term asset creation during the year.
FUTURE PIPELINE SEBI has received around 92 draft offer documents representing a proposed issue size of approximately INR 111,000 crores USD
13.2 billion). Notably, INR 9,706 crores worth of drafts were submitted in November alone, signaling sustained market activity.
Source: Uniqus
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EXPERTʼS
2024 has been a very strong year for the Indian startup and venture
TAKE ecosystem. A clear highlight has been Indian IPOs. The Indian IPO
market is "open for business" and has created a path for founders to
build large enduring companies along with tremendous exit
opportunities for early investors. We end the year with Zomato, India's
most valuable listed startup with a market cap of over $30B and three
venture funded companies now having public market caps of over $10B
Infoedge, Makemytrip and Swiggy). India now has over 30 venture
funded startups
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that are listed, but we are just getting started.
Rajan Anandan
Managing Director, Peak XV and Surge and Co-chair, VC Council & EC IVCA 29
FUTURE OUTLOOK INDIAʼS VC ECOSYSTEM
HERE, WE EXPLORE THE KEY DEVELOPMENTS THAT HAVE SHAPED THE VC ECOSYSTEM IN 2024 AND ARE
LIKELY TO INFLUENCE ITS DYNAMICS GOING INTO 2025
INVESTMENT DISCIPLINE With smaller fund sizes becoming the norm, VC firms are prioritising investment discipline, focusing on a higher
quality of deals rather than sheer volume.
OVER VOLUME
GROWTHSTAGE While early-stage investments remain important, growth-stage investments are expected to take center stage as
firms become more selective.
FOCUS
DRY POWDER AND With significant dry powder available, VC firms are waiting for favourable market conditions to deploy capital into
high-quality startups, particularly in high-growth sectors.
SELECTIVE DEPLOYMENT
SECTORSPECIFIC Trends indicate sustained strong interest in AI, Defence-Tech, and Space Tech, with India well positioned to become a global
leader in space technology, driven by government support. Conversely, the fintech sector is expected to attract more cautious
INTEREST
investment, as competition from traditional banks intensifies and regulatory oversight increases.
REGULATORY In a landmark move during the Union Budget 2024, the Indian government abolished angel tax for all investors, effective FY
202526, unlocking new opportunities for startups and fueling innovation. Additionally, the ₹10 billion VC fund for the space
LANDSCAPE
sector is set to boost investor confidence and support sector-specific startups. Both developments promise to foster a
conducive regulatory environment in 2025.
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