Quick Start Guide
Quick Start Guide
Safety
Power and environmental specifications
For indoor use only.
Power supply 100 VRMS to 240 VRMS 50 Hz to 60 Hz
(autosensing)
Maximum VA 150 VA
CAUTION
Carefully consider and configure the appropriate
Operating altitude Maximum 2000 m (6562 ft) above sea level
output‑off state, source levels, and compliance levels
Operating 0 °C to 50 °C, 70% relative humidity up to before connecting the instrument to a device that can
temperature 35 °C deliver energy. Failure to consider the output-off state,
Derate 3% relative humidity/°C, 35 °C to source levels, and compliance levels may result in
50 °C damage to the instrument or to the device under test.
Storage –25 °C to +65 °C, 5% to 90% relative humidity
temperature non-condensing
Pollution category 2
Introduction The 2450 documentation includes:
• Quick Start Guide: This document. It provides unpacking
Thank you for choosing a Keithley Instruments product. The instructions, describes basic connections, and reviews
Model 2450 System SourceMeter® instrument is a precise,
basic operation information.
low-noise instrument that combines a stable DC power
supply with a repeatable, high-impedance multimeter. The • User’s Manual: Provides an overview of front‑panel
design of this instrument features intuitive set up and control, instrument operation and detailed applications that show
enhanced signal quality and range, and better resistivity and you how to use the front panel, SCPI code, and TSP code
resistance capabilities than similar products on the market. to perform typical source and measurement tasks.
With 0.012 percent basic accuracy at 6½-digit resolution, the • Reference Manual: Provides comprehensive information
2450 delivers 59 readings per second over the IEEE-488 about the instrument’s features, operation, optimization,
bus. At 4½-digit resolution, it can read up to 1359 readings maintenance, troubleshooting, and programming
per second into its internal buffer. commands.
Complete documentation for the 2450 instrument is available
for download on the Keithley web page at tek.com/keithley.
Introduction
Software for the 2450 is also available for download from the
Keithley web page at tek.com/keithley. You can search for
the specific software you need. Available software includes:
• Test Script Builder: Simplifies building test scripts for
instruments enabled for Keithley’s Test Script Processor
TSP®.
• KickStart Instrument Control Software: Allows you to
set up your instrument and run a test without using any
programming languages.
• IVI-COM Driver: Works in any development environment
that supports COM programming, including Microsoft®
Visual Basic, Microsoft Visual C++, and National
Instruments LabVIEW™.
• Keithley I/O layer: Manages communications between
Keithley instrument drivers and software applications and
the instrument.
Unpack and inspect the instrument
To unpack and inspect the instrument: 6. Inspect the instrument for any obvious signs of physical
damage. Report any damage to the shipping agent
1. Inspect the box for damage. immediately.
2. Open the top of the box.
3. Remove the documentation and accessories.
4. Remove the packaging insert.
5. Remove the 2450 from the box.
Do not use the front bezel to lift the 2450. Using the front
bezel can cause damage to the instrument.
Unpack
You should have received the 2450 with the following
accessories, shown in the photograph:
1. Model 8608 Safety Clip-Lead Set
2. Power line cord
3. Model CS-1616-3 Mini-clamp II Plug for the interlock
4. RJ‑45 LAN crossover cable for TSP-Link or ethernet
5. USB-B-1 USB Cable, Type A to Type B (1 m)
6. Model 2450‑903‑01 Quick Start Guide (this document;
not shown)
7. 0713411XX Safety Precautions (XX is the revision
number; not shown)
Refer to the packing list for additional items that might have
shipped with your instrument.
Connect the instrument • Cover the device under test (DUT) to protect the operator
from flying debris in the event of a system or DUT failure.
Important test system safety information • Make sure any test fixture connected to the system
This product is sold as a stand-alone instrument that may protects the operator from contact with hazardous voltages,
become part of a system that could contain hazardous hot surfaces, and sharp objects. Use shields, barriers,
voltages and energy sources. It is the responsibility of the insulation, and safety interlocks to accomplish this.
test system designer, integrator, installer, maintenance • Double-insulate all electrical connections that an operator
personnel, and service personnel to make sure the system is can touch. Double insulation ensures the operator is
safe during use and is operating properly. still protected even if one insulation layer fails. Refer to
You must also realize that in many test systems a single IEC 61010-1 for specific requirements.
fault, such as a software error, may output hazardous signal
levels even when the system indicates that there is no • Make sure all connections are behind a locked cabinet door
hazard present. or other barrier. This protects the system operator from
It is important that you consider the following factors in your accidentally removing a connection by hand and exposing
system design and use: hazardous voltages. Use high-reliability fail-safe interlock
switches to disconnect power sources when a test fixture
• The international safety standard IEC 61010-1 defines cover is opened.
voltages as hazardous if they exceed 30 VRMS and • Where possible, use automatic handlers so that operators
42.4 VPEAK or 60 VDC for equipment rated for dry locations. are not required to access the DUT or other potentially
Keithley Instruments products are only rated for dry hazardous areas.
locations. • Provide training to all users of the system so that they
• Read and comply with the specifications of all instruments understand all potential hazards and know how to protect
in the system. The overall allowed signal levels may be themselves from injury.
constrained by the lowest rated instrument in the system. • In many systems, during power up, the outputs may be in
For example, if you are using a 500 V power supply with a an unknown state until they are properly initialized. Make
300 VDC rated switch, the maximum allowed voltage in the sure the design can tolerate this situation without causing
system is 300 VDC. operator injury or hardware damage.
Connect
Wiring the interlock
NOTE
WARNING
To keep users safe, always read and follow all safety warnings
provided with each of the instruments in your system.
Connect
When the interlock is asserted, any measurement terminals, The interlock pin locations and connections are shown in the
including the LO terminals, should be considered hazardous following figure. The pins are:
voltages, even if they are programmed to a non-hazardous
voltage or current. • Pin 3: Earth and chassis ground
• Pin 2: Interlock
WARNING • Pin 1 (next to tab): +6 V DC out (current limited)
WARNING
The power cord supplied with the 2450 contains a
separate protective earth (safety ground) wire for use
with grounded outlets. When proper connections are
made, the instrument chassis is connected to power‑line
ground through the ground wire in the power cord.
In addition, a redundant protective earth connection
is provided through a screw on the rear panel. This
terminal should be connected to a known protective
earth. In the event of a failure, not using a properly
grounded protective earth and grounded outlet may
result in personal injury or death due to electric shock.
Do not replace detachable mains supply cords with
inadequately rated cords. Failure to use properly rated
cords may result in personal injury or death due to
electric shock.
Connect
3. Connect the plug of the power cord to a grounded AC Overview of the front‑panel options
outlet.
4. Turn on the instrument by pressing the front‑panel The front panel of the 2450 allows you to set up most
POWER switch to the on (|) position. The instrument instrument functions and features and perform sourcing and
starts. measuring operations. The front panel includes:
• A touchscreen display that allows you to access instrument
settings and measurement readings.
• Keys that select menu options and start measurement
operations.
• A navigation control that can be used to select screen
options.
• An Output On/Off switch that turns the source output on or
off.
• Banana jack connections for FORCE HI and LO, SENSE
HI and LO, and chassis ground.
• A Terminals switch that determines if the instrument uses
the front‑panel or rear‑panel connections for sourcing and
measuring.
Touchscreen display overview Home screen overview
You can use the touchscreen display to set up the instrument The home screen is the first screen that opens when the
and tests. You use the keys and touch capabilities to make instrument is powered on. You can always return to the home
selections. screen by pressing the HOME key.
To use the touchscreen, select options with your finger. You
can also use the navigation control to highlight an item, and
then press the control to select it.
The following text describes some of the most commonly
used screens. For more detail and descriptions of all the
screens, see the Model 2450 Reference Manual. For detail
about an option, select it and press the HELP key to display
a brief description of the option.
Connect
The bottom half of the touchscreen display contains multiple
screens that you can swipe to access additional information
and settings:
• SOURCE swipe screen: Displays the source
settings. When the output is on, this displays either
the programmed source value or the actual source,
depending on the setting of source readback. On the
source swipe screen, you can set the source range,
source value, and source limit.
• SETTINGS swipe screen: Allows you to turn features on
and off, such as the measurement filter, math functions,
relative offset, and NPLCs.
The top row on the home screen displays the status and • GRAPH swipe screen: Shows a graph of the readings in
event indicators. You can select these options to open dialog the presently selected buffer. Touch the graph icon on the
boxes that provide additional information about the status or right side of the graph swipe header to open a full-screen
event. graph view.
The measure section of the home screen displays the • STATISTICS swipe screen: Contains statistics based on
present measurement. It also displays the measure function the readings in the active buffer.
and allows you to select a measure range. • USER swipe screen: If set up (remote commands only),
displays information that you can define through a remote
interface.
An example of the SETTINGS swipe screen is shown below. In the GRAPH swipe screen shown here, you can view the
In the SETTINGS swipe screen shown here, the Auto Zero measurements as they occur. To see a full screen graph,
feature is turned on. The other settings are turned off. touch the graph icon on the right side of the swipe screen
header bar to go to the Graph screen. In the full-screen
graph, you can also change the data and scale of the
information that is displayed on the graph.
Connect
ENTER and EXIT keys Menu screen overview
The ENTER key selects a highlighted option. In most cases, When you press the MENU key on the front panel, the Menu
it opens a menu or dialog box that allows you to make screen is displayed.
settings for that option.
The EXIT key returns to the previous screen or closes a
dialog box. For example, if you are in the MENU screen,
press EXIT to return to the home screen.
TRIGGER key
The action of the TRIGGER key depends on the
measurement method that is selected:
• If you set the instrument to continuously trigger, this
displays a dialog box that allows you to select another
measurement method.
• If you set the instrument to manually trigger, pressing
the TRIGGER key causes the instrument to make a
measurement.
From this screen, you can select source, measure, graphing,
• If you defined a trigger model, pressing the TRIGGER key trigger, scripting, and system setup menus. These menus
initiates the trigger model. allow you to choose options to set up your instrument to
To change the measurement method, hold the TRIGGER key meet the needs of your applications.
for three seconds to display the methods you can choose.
An example of the options that are available when you select Quick Setup options
the Settings option under Measure is shown below.
When you press QUICKSET, the BASIC SOURCE/
MEASURE SETTINGS screen is displayed. From this menu,
you can:
• Choose the source and measure functions.
• Use the Performance slider to select the best balance
between measurement resolution and measurement
speed.
Connect
• Choose from a selection of Quick Setups that
automatically make the settings required for that setup, CAUTION
turn the output on, and begin making measurements. When you select a Quick Setup, the instrument turns the
output on. Carefully consider and configure the
appropriate output-off state, source, and limits before
connecting the 2450 to a device that can deliver energy,
such as other voltage sources, batteries, capacitors, or
solar cells. Configure the settings that are recommended
for the instrument before making connections to the
device. Failure to consider the output-off state, source,
and limits may result in damage to the instrument or to
the device under test (DUT).
Help FUNCTION
You can display help screens for the menu items and The FUNCTION key opens the FUNCTION selection dialog
buttons. The help screens give a brief description of box, which allows you to select the source and measure
the option that the menu or button sets. To display the functions.
description, highlight the menu item or button and press the
HELP key. The graphic below shows an example of the help
when you are on the System Events tab of the event log.
Connect
Connections for testing To make the connections:
1. Make sure the front‑panel power switch is in the off (O)
The following figure shows the physical connections for the position.
front panel. Note that you must use either the front terminals 2. Connect the red lead to the FORCE HI connection.
or rear terminals — you cannot mix connections. The rear 3. Connect the black lead to the FORCE LO connection.
terminal connections are triaxial. The front‑panel connections
are safety banana jacks.
Verify measurement operation
The example in this guide shows you how to make
connections to the front panel and short the connections. The following steps provide a quick way to verify that the
For this example, you can make the connections with the instrument is operating correctly.
insulated banana cables that are supplied with the 2450,
the Keithley Instruments Model 8608 High Performance Clip To verify measurement operation:
Leads. 1. Turn the instrument on.
2. On the front panel, press the HOME key.
3. Press the FUNCTION key.
4. Under Source Current and Measure, select Voltage.
5. Select Source (at the bottom of the home screen). The
Current Source Value dialog box is displayed.
6. Enter 10 mA.
7. Short the FORCE HI and FORCE LO connections.
8. Press the OUTPUT ON/OFF switch to enable the output To view the measurements on the front-panel graph:
and start making measurements. 1. Press the MENU key.
9. When measurements are complete, press the 2. Under Views, select Graph.
OUTPUT ON/OFF switch to disable the output.
You can swipe and use pinch and zoom to change the view
The voltage measurements appear in the Measure Voltage of data on the graph. You can also adjust the graph settings
area of the home screen. using the options in the Data, Scale, and Trigger tabs.
To save the data to a USB flash drive:
1. Insert a USB flash drive into the front‑panel USB port.
2. Press the MENU key.
3. Under Measure, select Reading Buffers.
4. Select defbuffer1.
5. Select Save To USB.
6. Make file content selections.
7. Select OK (on the screen). A confirmation message is
displayed.
8. Select Yes.
The instrument saves the data to a .csv file on the flash
drive.
Test
FAQs How do I change the command set?