CRITICAL JOURNAL REPORT
LEXICOGRAMMAR
Lecturer : M. EKO ISDIANTO,S.Pd.,M. Hum
ARRANGED BY :
NAME = MUHAMMAD RIZKY ANANDA
CLASS = ENGLISH EDUCATION B 2021
REG. NUMBER = 2213321054
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ART
MEDAN STATE UNIVERSITY
2022
FOREWORD
All praise and thanks to God Almighty who always gives His grace and guidance so
that we can complete this Critical Journal Report as well as possible. This Critical Journal
Report is intended as a fulfillment of an assignment in the Lexicogrammar course taught by
Mr. M. Eko Isdianto, S.Pd., M.hum
This Critical Journal Report also aims to add to the author's insight and is also expected
to broaden readers' insights about Lexicogrammar. We complete this assignment as well as
possible and with sincerity in carrying out the task. However, we realize that this CJR is far
from perfect. Therefore, we as writers really expect constructive criticism and suggestions from
readers.
Finally, we hope that this CJR can add insight to all of us and can improve our
analytical skills and ability to assess the strengths and weaknesses of journal.
Medan, 3 December 2022
MHD. Rizky Ananda
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TABLE OF CONTENT
FOREWORD .......................................................................................................... 2
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 4
1.1 Rationalization of The Importance CJR ..................................................... 4
1.2 Purpose of Writing ...................................................................................... 4
1.3 Benefits of Writing ..................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER II DESCRIPTION OF JOURNAL ...................................................... 5
2.1. Journal Identity .......................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER III DISCUSSION ................................................................................. 6
3.1 Summary of Journal Content ..................................................................... 6
3.2 The Strength of Journal ............................................................................ 10
3.3 The Weakness of Journal .......................................................................... 10
CHAPTER IV CLOSING ..................................................................................... 11
4.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 11
4.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................. 12
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Rationalization of the Importance of CJR
Critical Journal Report(CJR) is an important matter for students because it makes
it easier to discuss the core results of research that has been done there is. There are
several important things before we review the journal, such as find journals that match
the topic raised, read the entire contents of the journal and try to rewrite it in language
own meaning of the journal. Hopefully this CJR can be useful for readers and for writers
in particular.
1.2 Purpose of Writing
1. Understand and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of a journal
2. Completion of Lexicogrammar course assignments
3. Seeking and increasing knowledge based on information contained in a journal
1.3 Benefits of Writing
1. Increase knowledge about morphology in lexicogrammar
2. Improve the ability to analyze a journal
3. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of a journal
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CHAPTER II
DESCRIPTION OF JOURNAL
2.1. Journal Identity
1. Title : MORPHEME ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
2. Author : SilviNuril M , AisyaBrilian , MahudaSafitri , RahmaniaFirdaus
, Rama GarethaEvansam , Ahmad Siswanto*
3. Journal : Journal Unisba Blitar
4. Date of Journal : March 2017
5. Volume : 2
6. Pages : 37-47
7. E- ISSN : 2503-1155
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CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION
3.1 Summary of Journal Content
1. INTRODUCTION
There are many definitions of morphology given by experts. Aronoff
(1994: 12) quotes the opinion of Bloomfield (1993: 207): "Morphologically a
language we mean is a construction in which forms or words are bound, but
never phrases. Thus, we can say that morphology includes the construction of
words and parts of words, "Notions of morphology written earlier, morphology
is the science or research that results in the formation or internal structure of
words. This formation will produce formations or morpheme, but not
phrase.Thus morphology which discusses the structure / construction / part of
morpheme in the end'tells us wetype of types of mm or Tomori (1982: 21)
defines morphology as: ". ..the study of word structure - the study of the rules
governing the formation of words in language
From the description above, it can be seen the complexity in the
morphology of the English language, especially in termsof the formation of the
adjective word class.
The understanding of free morpheme and bound morpheme according
toBurling (1992: 38) as follows: ”Morphemes that can stand alone as words are
called free morphemes. Those that must be attached tosomething else are called
bound morphemes. In the examples just given, go, walk, boy, mean, flap,
andfresh are free morphemes. –ing, - ed, -s, -ful, un-, -abil-, -ity, re-, and –ly are
bound morphemes.”
A. Bound Morphem According to Richards (1985: 31), bound morpheme is a
linguistic form (a morpheme) which is never used alone but must be used
with another morpheme, for example as an affix or combining form.
Example: -al, -ful, - less, -ed, -able, -a
B. Free Morpheme According to Richards (1985: 31), a form which can be
used in its own is called a free form. Example: Betty, horse, red, write, love,
drive
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2. METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
The methodis a method needed by researchers to arrive at there
search objectives (Alwasilah, 2009: 85). The research method gives what
direction and how the research iscarried out, the procedures that are taken, the
data sourcesused, and how this data is collected and analyzed. The method used
in this research is descriptive method. Actual (Sutedi, 2009: 58). This research
uses descriptive method using qualitative. The author tries to describe, contrast,
analyze, and interpret the changes that occur in the morphological process of
the two languages based on thetheory, data, and literature collected.
In addition to descriptive methods, this research also uses the
methodoflibrary (libraryresearch), which his the study of literature or the
collection of data and information sourced from library books that are related
tochanges in vocal phonemes and consonants in language.
A. Classification of Morphemes
a. Free and bound morphemes
Free morphemes can function independently as words (e.g. town, dog)
and can appear within lexemes (e.g. townhall, doghouse). Bound
morphemes appear only as parts of words, always in conjunction with a
root and sometimes with other bound morpheme
b. The second class of morphemes is derivational morphemes.
They modify a word according to its lexical and grammatical class. They
result in more pro found changes on base words. In English, derivational
morphemes include suffixes (e.g., 'ish,' 'ous,' 'er,' 'y,' 'ate,' and 'able') and
prefixes (e.g., 'un,' 'im,' 're,' and 'ex')."
B. Classification of bound morphemes
a. Derivational morphemes Derivational morphemes, when combined with
a root, change either The semantic meaning or part of speech of the
affected word. For example, in the word happiness,the addition of the
bound morpheme-ness to the root happy changes the word from an
adjective (happy) to a noun (happiness).
Adverb derivation, for example: along, close, and slow. Examples of
Decreases between Talk Parts Word "Inform" (verb) Information
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(noun), by giving the suffix -> -ation Informative (Adjective), by giving
suffix -> –ative Informative (Adverb), by giving suffix -> –ativeand –ly
b. Inflectional morphemes Inflectional morphemes modify a verb'stense,
aspect, mood, person, or number, or a noun's, pronoun's or adjective's
number, gender orcase, without affecting the word's meaning orclass
(partofspeech). Examples of applying inflectional morphemes to words
are adding–stotheroot dog to form dog sandadding-ed to wait to form
waited
3. DISCUSSION
A. Inflectional in to noun
There are also so mecountable nouns that express their plural with no suffix
a tall. Example ( teeth, men, feet, mice) where there is a change in the vowel
of the root. However, there are also some whose plurals display not even a
vowel change. For example, sheep, fish, deer, those. The conclusion is
addition inflectional suffix – s/-es to noun cause nouns meaning plural.
• Inflectional affixes of nouns
1. Possessions
Example : thatman’s bicycle John’sbook
• Inflectional into verb Consider the following examples: · Read + s
(third person singular present tense).
• Inflectional suffixes include : -ed/-d pasttense · -in
progressive/continuous · -en/-t past participle
• Inflectional affixes of verb
Third Singular verb marker
Example : I am sleeping. She is studying
B. Zero morphemes/null morphemes
There are several kind of zeros :
✓ A zero morph, consisting of nophonetic form, is anallo morphof a
morpheme that is other wise realized in speech.
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✓ A zero pronoun occurs in some languages. In the English sentence
nobody knows∅ the zero pronoun plays the role of the objec to the
verb
✓ A zero subordinate conjunction occurs in English in sentences like
I know∅ he likes me
✓ A zero article is an unrealized indefinite or definite article in some
languages.
✓ A zero copula, in which a copula such as the verb to be is implied
but absent. For example, in Russian the copulais usually omitted in
the present tense, as in "Онакрасивая" (literally: Shebeautiful), the
same happening with colloquial Brazilian Portuguese, as in
"irônicos, aqueles"
examples
a. cat = cat + -Ø = ROOT ("cat") + SINGULAR
b. cats = cat + -s = ROOT ("cat") + PLURAL
In addition, there are some cases in English where a null
morpheme indicates plurality in nouns that take on irregular
plurals.
a. sheep = sheep + -Ø = ROOT ("sheep") + SINGULAR Also,
a null morpheme marks the present tense of verbs in all forms
but the third person singular:
b. (I) run = run + -Ø = ROOT ("run") + PRESENT: Non-3rd-
SINGULAR
c. (He) runs = run + -s = ROOT ("run") + PRESENT: 3rd-
SINGULAR
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3.2 The Strength of The Journal
1. Judging from the aspect of the scope of the contents of the journal, the journal that
is reviewed can be categorized as good because the problems/topics stated in the
journal are quite clear and in addition there is a well-explained introduction
2. The font used is also neat
3.3 The Weakness of The Journal
1. There are several uses of capital letters that are not used even though they should
use capital letters.
2. No deficiencies were found in the content aspect of this main journal
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CHAPTER IV
CLOSING
4.1 Conclusion
Morpheme is article includes a listof references, but its sources remain unclear
because it has insufficient .When a morpheme stands by it self, it is considered as a root
because it has a meaning of it sown (e.g. the morpheme cat) and when it depends on
another rmorpheme to expressan idea, it is an affix because it has a grammatical
function (e.g. the–s in cats to indicate that it is plural). Every morpheme can beclassified
as either free orbound. These categories are mutually exclusive, and as such, a given
morpheme will belong to exactly one of them. Free morphemes can function
independently as words. Bound morphemes appearonly as parts of words, always in
conjunction with a root and sometimes withot her bound morphemes Inflection
(inflectional) is the process of forming new words by adding affixes to a word that does
not change the class of words. In other words, Derivation is the process of affixing a
syllable which results in changing the class of words, for example the affix on theword
"sing" to "singer"
4.2 Suggestion
This journal is very good starting from the front Abstract, introduction , to the
back abstract which is very interesting and good, this journal is highly recommended
to the general public, especially students because this journal really helps everyone to
deepen their knowledge of lexicogrammar regarding morphology in English.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Nuril et al. (2017). MORPHEME ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Journal Unisba
Blitar, 2(1), 37-47
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