NEMA Standards Publication

ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017

American National
Standard for Wet-
Process Porcelain
Insulators--
Apparatus, Post
Type

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

 National Electrical Manufacturers Association
1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 • Rosslyn. VA 22209
www.NEMA.org
 Approved as an American National Standard
ANSI Approval Date of Final Action: September 19, 2017

ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017

American National Standard for Wet Process Porcelain Insulators—

Apparatus, Post Type

Published by

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900
Rosslyn, VA 22209

www.nema.org

© 2017 National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights, including translation into other
languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection
of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American copyright conventions.
 NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER

The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons
engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus
does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the
development of this document.

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards and guideline publications, of which the
document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development
process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an
interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes
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© 2017 National Electrical Manufacturers Association

 ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017
Page i

Foreword
(This foreword is not part of ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017.)

The first edition of this standard was essentially based on the EEI-NEMA standard Wet-Process Porcelain
Insulators (Apparatus, Post Type), EEI TDJ-59, NEMA 147-1956 (EEI is the Edison Electric Institute;
NEMA is the National Electrical Manufacturers Association). It was developed by the American National
Standards Committee on Insulators for Electric Power Lines, C29.

This edition of the standard replaces ANSI/NEMA C29.9-1983 (R2012). Suggestions for improvement of
this standard are welcomed. They should be sent by the date of its next scheduled revision, which is
December 31, 2022, to:

Senior Technical Director, Operations

National Electrical Manufacturers Association
th
1300 North 17 Street, Suite 900
Rosslyn, VA 22209

This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee on
Insulators for Electric Power Lines, C29. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply
that all committee members voted for approval. At the time it approved this standard, the ASC C29
Committee had the following members:

Arjan Jagtiani, Chairman

Gerard Winstanley, Secretary

Name Organization Interest Category

N. DeSantis LineWorks Engineering General

A. Jagtiani Sargent & Lundy LLC General
J. Kuffel EPRI General
T. Shaw EPRI General
J. Varner Georgia Power Company General
T. Grisham GRISCUT, LTD. General (alt.)
A. Baker K-Line Insulators USA Inc. Producer
R. Bernstorf Hubbell Power Systems Producer
A. Schwalm Victor Insulators, Inc. Producer
G. Stewart NGK-Locke Polymer Insulators, Inc. Producer
T. Van Remmen Lapp Insulators LLC Producer
K. Edmonds NGK-Locke Polymer Insulators, Inc. Producer (alt.)
J.M. George Seves Canada Inc. Producer (alt.)
E. Kress Lapp Insulators LLC Producer (alt.)
G. Leshkivich Victor Insulators, Inc. Producer (alt.)
P. Maloney Seves USA Producer (alt.)
B. Freimark AEP User
M. Garrels Xcel Energy User
K. Reese Southern Company User
M. Warntjies American Transmission Co. User
P. Yenumula Duke Energy User
J. Albano ENTERGY Corporation User (alt.)
M. Gray Edison Electric Institute User (alt.)
R. Hopkins Pacific Gas & Electric Company User (alt.)
D. Mar Pacific Gas & Electric Company User (alt.)
T. Rao AEP User (alt.)
A. Shkuratkov PacifiCorp User (alt.)

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Page ii

R. Clark Western Area Power Administration User - Govt

J. Nelson Tennessee Valley Authority User - Govt
D. Liebhaber Bonneville Power Administration User - Govt
R. Stargel Tennessee Valley Authority User - Govt (alt.)
J. Havel Bonneville Power Administration User - Govt (alt.)

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CONTENTS

Foreword .................................................................................................................................................... i
Section 1 Scope........................................................................................................................................ 1
Section 2 Referenced Standards ............................................................................................................ 2
2.1 American National Standards .................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Other Standards ........................................................................................................................ 2
Section 3 Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 3
Section 4 General ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Section 5 Material ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Section 6 Dimensions and Characteristics ........................................................................................... 6
Section 7 Marking..................................................................................................................................... 7
Section 8 Sampling, Inspection, and Tests ........................................................................................... 8
8.1 General ...................................................................................................................................... 8
8.2 Design Tests .............................................................................................................................. 8
8.2.1 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand .................................................................................... 8
8.2.2 Critical Impulse Flashover, Positive ............................................................................. 8
8.2.3 Impulse Withstand ........................................................................................................ 8
8.2.4 Radio-Influence Voltage (RIV) ...................................................................................... 8
8.2.5 Thermal Shock ............................................................................................................. 8
8.2.6 Compression Strength .................................................................................................. 8
8.2.7 Torsional Strength ........................................................................................................ 8
8.3 Quality Conformance Tests ................................................................................................................. 9
8.3.1 Visual and Dimensional Tests ...................................................................................... 9
8.3.2 Porosity Test ................................................................................................................. 9
8.3.3 Galvanizing Test ........................................................................................................... 9
8.3.4 Cantilever Strength ....................................................................................................... 9
8.3.5 Tensile Strength ........................................................................................................... 9
8.4 Routine Tests .................................................................................................................................... 10
8.4.1 Flashover .................................................................................................................... 10
8.4.2 Mechanical Proof ........................................................................................................ 10
8.4.3 Insulator Bow .............................................................................................................. 10

Tables
Table 1 Dimensions and Characteristics of Post Type Apparatus Insulators 350 Kilovolts Basic
Impulse Insulation Level (BIL) and Below ............................................................................... 11
Table 2 Dimensions and Characteristics of Post Type Apparatus Insulators Above 350 Kilovolts
Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL) ....................................................................................... 12

Figures
Figure 1 Tolerances............................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 2 Insulator Bow........................................................................................................................... 14

Appendices
Appendix A General Information ................................................................................................................ 15
Appendix B Additional Electrical Design Tests ........................................................................................... 16

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© 2017 National Electrical Manufacturers Association

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Page 1

Section 1
Scope

This standard covers outdoor high-voltage post type apparatus insulators made of wet-process porcelain
and used in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy.

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Section 2
Referenced Standards

2.1 American National Standards

This standard is intended for use in conjunction with the latest approved revision of the following
American National Standard.

ANSI/NEMA C29.1 Test Methods for Electrical Power Insulators

2.2 Other Standards

ASTM A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware

ASTM D1535 Standard Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System

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Section 3
Definitions

3.1 See Section 2 of ANSI C29.1 Test Methods for Electrical Power Insulators for definitions of terms.

3.2 In this standard, the word “insulator” shall refer to a unit or to an assembly of two or more units.

3.3 The technical reference numbers appearing in tables are a widely used and recognized
identification series for apparatus insulator units or assemblies (stacks).

3.4 Wet-process porcelain is porcelain produced by intimately mixing all raw materials in an excess
of water to begin the production process.

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Section 4
General

4.1 Insulators shall conform in all respects to the requirements hereinafter stated. The text and
figures supplement each other and shall be considered part of this standard.

4.2 Some insulators are tapered and may contain units that have certain characteristics whose
strengths exceed those given in tables. Each unit shall comply with the manufacturer’s strength
requirements.

4.3 Manufacturer’s drawings, if furnished, shall show the outline of the insulators, together with all
pertinent dimensions. Any variations in these dimensions due to manufacturing tolerances shall be
indicated.

4.4 When specified in the clauses below, the following retest procedure applies: If only one insulator
or metal part fails, or in case the average value fails to comply with the applicable rating, a new sample
equal to twice the quantity originally submitted to that test shall be subjected to retesting. If two or more
insulators or metal parts fail to comply with the initial test, or if any failure occurs during the retesting, the
complete lot is considered as not complying with the requirements of this standard.

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Section 5
Material

5.1 The insulators shall be made of wet-process porcelain that meets the mechanical and electrical
requirements of this standard.

5.2 The entire porcelain surface of the insulators that will be exposed after assembly shall be
glazed.

Note: The most commonly requested color for porcelain insulators is light gray—in accordance
with ASTM D1535 Standard Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System, conforming to
Munsell notation 5BG 7.0/0.4 within the following tolerances:

a. Hue: ±12 (3G to 7B)

b. Value: ±0.5
c. Chroma: −0.2 to +0.6

Other colors are available and can be negotiated between purchaser and supplier.

5.3 Metal parts shall be made of malleable iron, ductile iron, or steel. Ferrous parts other than
stainless steel shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153/A153M.

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Section 6
Dimensions and Characteristics

6.1 Dimensions and characteristics shall be in accordance with Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 1 and 2.
Characteristics specified are for new insulators.

6.2 Minimum dimensions are limited by other specified characteristics.

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Section 7
Marking

Each insulator unit shall include markings to identify the manufacturer and a time/lot reference (at a
minimum, the month and year that the item was produced). The marking shall be legible and durable.

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Section 8
Sampling, Inspection, and Tests

8.1 General
Tests described in 8.2 shall be required only on insulators of new designs. Tests described in 8.3 shall be
required on each lot of insulators. Tests described in 8.4 shall be made on each insulator. Electrical tests
described in 8.2 shall be conducted on complete insulator assemblies.

8.2 Design Tests

8.2.1 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand

One insulator shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.5 of ANSI C29.1, Low-
Frequency Wet Withstand Voltage Tests. If the insulator fails to meet the rated wet withstand value given
in Table 1 or Table 2, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.2 Critical Impulse Flashover, Positive

One insulator shall be selected at random for the critical impulse flashover test, positive, and tested in
accordance with Clause 4.7 of ANSI C29.1, Impulse Flashover Voltage Tests. If the critical impulse
flashover value of the insulator fails to equal or exceed 92 percent of the rated critical impulse flashover
value given in Table 1 or Table 2, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.3 Impulse Withstand

One insulator shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.8 of ANSI C29.1,
Impulse Withstand Voltage Tests. If the insulator fails to meet the rated impulse withstand value given in
Table 1 or Table 2, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.4 Radio-Influence Voltage (RIV)

One insulator shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.9 of ANSI C29.1,
Radio-Influence Voltage Tests. If the insulator fails to meet the requirements given in the applicable table,
the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.5 Thermal Shock

One insulator shall be selected at random and tested for 10 complete cycles in accordance with Clause
5.5 of ANSI C29.1, Thermal Test. For multiunit insulators, one of each type of unit in the stack shall be
tested. The temperature of the hot water bath shall be approximately 150°F (66°C), and the temperature
of the cold water bath shall be approximately 39°F (4°C). At the end of the tenth cycle, the test specimens
shall be checked for electrical soundness. If the insulator or one of the insulator units fails to meet the
requirements for electrical soundness, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.6 Compression Strength

Three insulators shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.4 of ANSI
C29.1, Compression Strength. For multiunit insulators, three of each type of unit in the stack shall be
tested. If any insulator or any insulator unit fails to equal or exceed the strength requirement in Table 1 or
Table 2 as appropriate (or a higher strength requirement if so indicated on the manufacturer’s drawing),
the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.2.7 Torsional Strength

Three insulators shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.2 of ANSI
C29.1, Torsional Strength. For multiunit insulators, one of each type of unit in the stack shall be tested. If
any insulator or any insulator unit fails to equal or exceed the strength requirement in Table 1 or Table 2
as appropriate (or a higher strength requirement if so indicated on the manufacturer’s drawing), the retest
procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

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8.3 Quality Conformance Tests

Insulators for quality conformance tests shall be selected on the following basis, where n is the number of
insulators:

Number of Insulators (n) Number of Samples

n<200 By agreement
n≥200 ½%1
1
If the percentage or calculation does not result in a whole number, then the next whole number greater than the result shall be
chosen.

The distribution of samples between Clause 8.3.4 and Clause 8.3.5 shall be subject to agreement with
the purchaser.

8.3.1 Visual and Dimensional Tests

Conformity with 5.2 may be determined by visual inspection. All insulators not conforming to 5.2 fail to
meet the requirements of this standard.

The required number (n) of sample insulators shall be selected at random from the lot and the dimensions
checked against the dimensions on the manufacturer’s drawing. Failure of the insulators to conform,
within manufacturing tolerances, to the dimensions on this drawing shall constitute failure of the lot to
meet the requirements of this standard.

8.3.2 Porosity Test

Specimens shall be selected from insulators destroyed in other tests and tested in accordance with
Clause 5.4 of ANSI C29.1, Porosity Test. Penetration of the dye into the body of the dielectric shall
constitute failure of the lot to meet the requirements of this standard.

8.3.3 Galvanizing Test

Five pieces representative of each type of galvanized hardware used with the insulators shall be selected
at random and tested in accordance with Section 6 of ANSI C29.1, Galvanizing Test. Five to 10
measurements shall be uniformly and randomly distributed over the entire surface. The average thickness
value for each individual specimen and the average of the entire sample shall equal or exceed the
following:

Average of Entire Sample Average of Individual Specimen

Hardware (except nuts/bolts) 3.4 mil 3.1 mil
Nuts/bolts 2.1 mil 1.7 mil

If the average of one specimen or if the average of the entire sample fails to comply with the above table,
the retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

8.3.4 Cantilever Strength

The sample insulator(s) shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.1 of
ANSI C29.1, Cantilever Strength. Failure of the strength of more than one of the insulators to meet the
strength requirement given in Table 1 or Table 2 shall constitute failure of the lot to meet the requirements
of this standard. If one insulator fails to meet the strength requirement, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4
shall apply.

8.3.5 Tensile Strength

The sample insulator(s) shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.3 of
ANSI C29.1, Tensile Strength. Failure of the strength of more than one of the insulator(s) to meet the
strength requirement given in Table 1 or Table 2 shall constitute failure of the lot to meet the requirements
of this standard. If one insulator fails to meet the strength requirement, the retest procedure of Clause 4.4
shall apply.

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8.4 Routine Tests

(To be performed in the order below.)

8.4.1 Flashover
Each cavity core insulator unit shall be subjected to a routine flashover test before assembly in
accordance with Clause 7.1 of ANSI C29.1, Electrical Tests. For this test, an electrode shall be placed on
each side of, and adjacent to, the porcelain barrier. All units that puncture fail to meet the requirements of
this standard. (Note: This clause does not apply to solid core insulators or insulator units).

8.4.2 Mechanical Proof

8.4.2.1 Each insulator shall be subjected to one of the following tests.

a. A tension test in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.3 of ANSI C29.1, Tensile Strength. The load
applied shall be not less than 50 percent of the tension strength shown in the table. This test
should be allowed only if the porcelain has first been tested either electrically per 8.4.1 or
mechanically prior to assembly.
b. A cantilever test in accordance with Clause 5.1.4.1 of ANSI C29.1, Cantilever Strength. The load
applied shall be not less than 40 percent of the cantilever strength shown in the table. The test
shall be performed in each of the four quadrants.
c. A bending moment test in which the bending moment simultaneously loads each end of the unit
in proportion to the unit rating. The test shall be repeated in each of the four quadrants. The proof
test moment shall be not less than 40 percent of the bending moment rating of the unit.

Successful completion of either the tension test or cantilever test or the bending moment test shall
constitute demonstration of conformance with the requirements of this standard. A unit rated higher than
the stack in which it is contained shall be tested at 50 percent of the tension rating of the unit or at 40
percent of the cantilever or bending moment rating of the unit, as applicable.

8.4.3 Insulator Bow

Cylindrical and uniformly tapered insulator units shall be visually inspected for bow. Bowed insulators
shall be individually rejected if the bow, measured according to Figure 2, is greater than 3/8 inch per 30
inches in height as measured with a straight edge against the petticoats.

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Table 1
Dimensions and Characteristics of Post Type Apparatus Insulators
350 Kilovolts Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL) and Below

Dimensions Mechanical Ratings Electrical Ratings

Technical BIL Height Maximum Bolt Circle* Minimum Cantilever Strength Tension Compression Torsion Impulse Critical Impulse 60 Hz Wet 10- RIV Test Maximum RIV Technical
Reference Rating (in) Shed Diameter Diameter Leakage Upright, Underhung Strength Strength Strength Withstand Flashover, Sec Withstand Voltage to at 1000 kHz Reference
Number (kV) ±1/32 (in) (in) Distance (in) (lbf) (lbf) (lbf) (in-lbf) (kV) Positive (kV) (kV) Ground (kV) (μV) Number
202 95 7.5 7 3 10.5 2000 7000 10000 6000 95 105 30 5 50 202
222 95 10 7.5 5 10.5 4000 15000 20000 12000 95 105 30 5 50 222
232 95 10 10 1/8 5 10.5 8000 28000 40000 40000 95 105 30 5 50 232
205 110 10 7 3 15.5 2000 8500 10000 7000 110 125 45 10 50 205
225 110 12 8 5 15.5 4000 20000 20000 14000 110 125 45 10 50 225
235 110 12 10 5 15.5 8000 28000 40000 40000 110 125 45 10 50 235
208 150 14 7 3 24 2000 10000 10000 8000 150 170 60 15 100 208
227 150 15 9 5 24 4000 20000 20000 16000 150 170 60 15 100 227
237 150 15 11 5 24 8000 28000 40000 40000 150 170 60 15 100 237
210 200 18 7 1/2 3 37 2000 12000 15000 10000 200 225 80 22 100 210
231 200 20 10 5 37 4000 25000 30000 20000 200 225 80 22 100 231
241 200 20 12 5 37 8000 28000 60000 40000 200 225 80 22 100 241
214 250 22 8 3 43 2000 14000 15000 12000 250 280 100 30 200 214
267 250 24 10 5 43 4000 25000 60000 20000 250 280 100 30 200 267
216 350 30 9 1/8 3 72 1500 16000 25000 15000 350 390 145 44 200 216
278 350 30 11 5 72 3000 25000 60000 40000 350 390 145 44 200 278

* The following bolt circles, when tapped, shall be:

3-inch bolt circle - 4 tapped holes 1/2 inch-13 UNC, pitch diameter 0.4715-0.4650, length of engagement 0.50 (tap after hot-dip galvanizing)
5-inch bolt circle - 4 tapped holes 5/8 inch-11 UNC, pitch diameter 0.5882-0.5810, length of engagement 0.625 (tap after hot-dip galvanizing)

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Table 2
Dimensions and Characteristics of Post Type Apparatus Insulators
Above 350 Kilovolts Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL)
Dimensions Mechanical Ratings Electrical Ratings
Technical BIL Height of Insulator Max Insulator Bolt Cantilever Tensile Compression Torsional RIV Test Voltage Maximum RIV at Leakage Critical Impulse Low-Frequency Impulse Technical
Reference (kV) Diameter Circle* Strength Strength Strength Strength to Ground 1000 kHz (µV) Distance Flashover, Positive Wet Withstand Withstand Reference
Number (in) Upright (lb) (lb) (in-lb) (kV) (microvolts @ (in) (kV) (kV) (kV) Number
(lb) 1000 kHz)
Overall Tolerance Top Base
(in) (in) (in) (in)
286 550 45 ±1/16 10 1/2 5 5 1700 20000 60000 40000 73 200 99 610 230 550 286
287 550 45 ±1/16 12 5 5 2600 25000 75000 90000 73 200 99 610 230 550 287
288 650 54 ±1/16 10 1/2 5 5 1400 20000 60000 40000 88 200 116 710 275 650 288
289 650 54 ±1/16 12 5 5 2200 25000 75000 90000 88 200 116 710 275 650 289
291 750 62 ±3/32 10 1/2 5 5 1200 20000 60000 40000 103 500 132 810 315 750 291
295 750 62 ±3/32 12 5 5 1850 25000 75000 90000 103 500 132 810 315 750 295
304 900 80 ±1/8 10 1/2 5 5 950 20000 60000 40000 146 500 165 1010 385 900 304
308 900 80 ±1/8 12 5 5 1450 25000 75000 90000 146 500 165 1010 385 900 308
312 1050 92 ±1/8 10 1/2 5 5 800 20000 60000 40000 146 500 198 1210 455 1050 312
316 1050 92 ±1/8 12 5 5 1250 25000 75000 90000 146 500 198 1210 455 1050 316
362 1050 92 ±1/8 10 7/8 7 7 2300 40000 100000 120000 146 500 198 1210 455 1050 362
324 1300 106 ±5/32 10 1/2 5 5 1000 25000 75000 90000 220 1000 231 1410 525 1300 324
367 1300 106 ±5/32 14 5 7 1450 20000 60000 40000 220 1000 231 1410 525 1300 367
368 1300 106 ±5/32 10 7/8 7 7 2000 40000 100000 120000 220 1000 231 1410 525 1300 368
369 1300 106 ±5/32 14 5 7 2050 20000 60000 40000 220 1000 231 1410 525 1300 369
330 1470 122 ±3/16 10 1/2 5 5 900 25000 75000 90000 220 1000 264 1610 590 1470 330
371 1470 122 ±3/16 14 5 7 1170 20000 60000 40000 220 1000 264 1610 590 1470 371
372 1470 122 ±3/16 10 7/8 7 7 1750 40000 100000 120000 210 1000 264 1610 590 1470 372
373 1470 122 ±3/16 14 5 7 1750 20000 60000 40000 220 1000 264 1610 590 1470 373
378 1550 128 ±3/16 11 1/8 5 7 1000 20000 60000 40000 318 2000 320 1710 620 1550 373
379 1550 128 ±3/16 14 5 7 1700 20000 60000 40000 318 2000 280 1710 620 1550 379
380 1550 128 ±3/16 16 5 14 2500 25000 60000 60000 318 2000 280 1710 620 1550 380
391 1800 152 ±7/32 14 5 7 1400 20000 60000 40000 318 2000 330 2000 710 1800 391
392 1800 152 ±7/32 16 5 14 1750 20000 60000 60000 318 2000 330 2000 710 1800 392
393 1800 152 ±7/32 16 5 14 2500 25000 90000 90000 318 2000 330 2000 710 1800 393
400 2050 182 ±9/32 14 5 7 1150 20000 60000 60000 350 2000 396 2370 830 2050 400
401 2050 185 ±9/32 16 5 14 2000 20000 60000 60000 350 2000 432 2370 830 2050 401

* The following bolt circles, when tapped, shall be:

5-inch bolt circle - 4 tapped holes 5/8 inch-11 UNC, pitch diameter 0.5882-0.5810, length of engagement 0.625 (tap after hot-dip galvanizing)
7-inch bolt circle - 4 tapped holes 3/4 inch-10 UNC, pitch diameter 0.7077-0.7000, length of engagement 0.75 (tap after hot-dip galvanizing)

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Figure 1
Tolerances

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Figure 2
Insulator Bow

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Appendix A
General Information

(This appendix is not part of ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017 but is included for information only.)

Packaging of insulators should be such as to afford reasonable and proper protection to the insulators in
shipping and handling.

Each box or container should be marked with the number of pieces contained therein; the catalog
number, Technical Reference number, or other description of the contents; and the manufacturer’s name.

Manufacturers should maintain records of the plant in which the insulator was produced.

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Appendix B
Additional Electrical Design Tests
(This appendix is not part of ANSI/NEMA C29.9-2017 but is included for information only.)

If the following additional electrical design tests are required, the procedure given in this appendix may
prove useful.

B.1 Low-Frequency Dry Flashover

One insulator should be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.2 of ANSI C29.1,
Low-Frequency Dry Flashover Voltage Tests. The average flashover test (total of 5) must exceed 95
percent, with no single test below 85 percent. Failure of any test value to equal or exceed 85 percent of
the rated dry flashover shall constitute failure to meet the requirements of the standard. The retest
procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

B.2 Low-Frequency Wet Flashover

One insulator should be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.3 of ANSI C29.1,
Low-Frequency Wet Flashover Voltage Tests. The average flashover test (total of 5) must exceed 95
percent, with no single test below 85 percent. Failure of any test value to equal or exceed 85 percent of
the rated wet flashover shall constitute failure to meet the requirements of the standard. The retest
procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

B.3 Critical Impulse Flashover, Negative

One insulator should be selected at random and tested in accordance with Clause 4.7 of ANSI C29.1,
Impulse Flashover Voltage Tests. The critical impulse flashover, negative, value of the insulator should be
equal to or exceed 92 percent of the rated critical impulse flashover, negative, value of the insulator. The
retest procedure of Clause 4.4 shall apply.

© 2017 National Electrical Manufacturers Association

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