VICTORIOUS EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

FORMAT OF LESSON NOTES (Theme based)

SUBJECT: SCIENCE CLASS: P.7 YEAR: 2020
Theme Topic/ Teachable unit /deliverable lesson
Theme
Populat Population Lesson 1
ion and and health Read and spell:
commu Population, health concerns, community,
nity health survey
health Population and health concerns
 Population
 This is the number of organisms living in an area.
 Community
 It is a group of people living or working together having
common needs, interests and problems.
 Health
 Health is a state of being physically, socially, economically
and mentally well but not necessarily without sickness.
 Community Health
 It refers to the essential health conditions in which
individuals and families within a community live.
Community Health and social problems
 Smoking
 Alcohol and drug abuse
 Poor sanitation standards
 Malnutrition
 Disease outbreak
 Anti-Social behavior
Types of common sickness in a home
 Immunisable diseases
 Deficiency diseases
 Communicable diseases
 Self-inflicted diseases
 Sexually Transmitted diseases
 Hereditary (genetic) diseases
 Causes of common diseases at home
 Infection with pathogens such as bacteria, viruses,
protozoa and fungi
 Defective or bad genes
 Poisoning
 Poor feeding
 Unhealthy life style
 Bad weather
Activity
1. Mention any two diseases that result from infections.
2. How can diseases that are caused by bad genes be
controlled in a family?
3. Explain how poor sanitation can increase a person’s risks
of getting diseases?
4. Write any three other risk factors of diseases in the
community.
Lesson 2
Read and spell
Tuberculosis, self-inflicted, Pertussis, goiter,
diphtheria, kwashiorkor

 Immunisable diseases
 These are diseases which can be prevented through
immunization.
 Immunisable diseases are in two categories
 Childhood immunisable diseases
 Polio
 Measles
 Tuberculosis,
 Tetanus
 Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
 Diphtheria
 Hepatitis B
 Haemophilus Influenza b.
 Non childhood immunisable diseases
 Typhoid
 Meningitis
 Cholera
 yellow fever
 small pox
 German measles (rubella)
 Deficiency diseases
These are diseases that are caused by lack of some food
values in our daily diet.
Examples of deficiency diseases
Deficiency disease Due to lack of
Night blindness Vitamin A
Beriberi Vitamin B1
Pellagra Vitamin B3
Scurvy Vitamin C
Rickets Vitamin D
Infertility Vitamin E
Poor blood clotting Vitamin K
(Haemorrhage)
Goitre Iodine
Marasmus Carbohydrates
Kwashiorkor Proteins
Anemia Iron

Activity
 1. In one sentence, define the following terms.
2. Give one reason why the government of Uganda offers
free immunization services to its citizens.
3. Mention any two ways in which a family can protect its
members against malnutrition.
Lesson 3
Communicable diseases
Listen and spell
Germs, pathogen, virus, bacterial,
protozoa, fungal
 Communicable diseases
 These are diseases which can be spread from one infected
person to a healthy person.
 They are caused by germs
 Examples of communicable diseases
Bacteria Virus Protozoa Worm Fungal
infectio
ns
Gonorrhoea HIV/AIDS Malaria Round Athletes
worms foot
Syphilis Measles Sleeping Tape Ring
sickness worms worm
Trachoma Polio Amoebic Flat
dysentery worms
Diphtheria Influenza Thread
worms
Bacillary Common Hook
dysentery cold worms
 Self-inflicted diseases (life style related diseases)
 These are diseases which people get due to poor health
life styles. E.g. Smoking, alcoholism, over eating, lack of
exercises, prostitution etc.
Examples of self-inflicted diseases;
 i. Lung cancer
ii. Emphysema
iii. Obesity
Activity
1. Give any one life style related disease of the
circulatory system.
2. Mention ant two ways of controlling the above disease
in no. 1 above.
3. How are deficiency diseases different from
communicable diseases?
Lesson 4
Sexually transmitted diseases (venereal diseases
Read and spell:
syphilis, gonorrhoea, cystic fibroisis,
haemophilia
Sexually transmitted diseases (venereal diseases)
These are spread through having unprotected sexual
intercourse with infected persons.
Examples
1. HIV/AIDS
2. Gonorrhoea
3. Syphilis
4. Genital warts
5. Candida
Hereditary (genetic) diseases
 These are diseases that are passed on from parents to
offspring through genes.
Examples of hereditary diseases
1. Sickle cell disease
2. Cystic fibrosis
3. Colour blindness
4. Haemophilia
Controlling common sicknesses in a home and
community
1. Proper sanitation.
2. Family planning
3. Good nutrition.
4. Brushing the teeth after every meal
5. Doing daily physical exercises.
Activity
Use the diagram below to identify different ways in
which communicable diseases are spread.

1. Define the term insect borne disease.

2. Mention any two examples of insect borne diseases.
3. State any two ways of controlling vector borne diseases.
4. When does a disease qualify to be an air borne disease?
5. In which two ways can air borne diseases be controlled?
6. State any two examples of food borne diseases in a home.
7. Why is it important for cooks to be free from all kinds of
contagious diseases?

Lesson 5
How to avoid health and social problems
Read and spell
Waste disposal, sanitation, social problems,
hygiene

How to avoid health and social problems

1. Proper sanitation
2. Proper waste disposal
3. Keep our homes and water sources clean.
4. Proper feeding.
5. Avoid drug abuse
6. Abstain from sex if not married
Methods of preventing diseases in the community.
 Immunization
 Through proper nutrition
 Personal hygiene
 Boiling water for drinking.
 Good food hygiene.
 Proper rubbish disposal.
How young people can avoid social and health
problem
1. Avoiding bad peer groups.
2. Form clubs such as young farmers club, drama and music.
3. Join church choirs.

4. Participating in sports activities such as football, netball,

swimming and athletics.
5. Attending youth seminars and conferences on morals,
drug abuse, HIV/AIDS
6. Using their leisure time to learn practical skills e.g.
weaving, tailoring, and computer use.
Life skills of avoiding social and health problems
1. Critical thinking
2. Decision making
3. Problem solving
4. Self-awareness
5. Effective communication
6. Creative thinking
Activity
1. Mention any two examples of the following:
a) Social problems
b) Health problems
2. How do social problems affect the health of the
community?
3. Mention any four life styles that can promote good
health.
4. How are the following human behaviour harmful to human
health?
a) Drug abuse
b) Prostitution
c) Lack of physical exercises
5. Mention any two common drugs that people abuse in the
community.

Lesson 6
Health concerns
Read and spell
Antisocial behavior, inadequate
food, poor sanitation, poor
water supply

 Health concerns
These are health problems that affect us and need
immediate solutions.
 Population and health concerns
 Poor sanitation.
 Antisocial behavior.
 Poor water supply.
 Inadequate food.
 Poor sanitation.
 It is the improper disposal of human waste and other
 waste products into the environment.
 Indicators of poor sanitation.
 Poor ventilation of houses.
 Bushes around homes.
 Poor disposal of faeces and urine.
 Sharing houses with animals.
Activities or solutions to poor sanitation
1. Construct rubbish pits in a home
2. Construct pit latrines
3. Sweeping the compound
4. Picking rubbish around homes.
5. Cut grass around our homes short
6. Build well ventilated houses
7. Avoid sharing houses with domestic animals.
Activity
1. Name any two diseases that are common in areas that
are poorly cleaned like slums.
2. Write any two ways a community can improve on their
water sources.
3. Why should water sources be fenced?
4. Mention any three ways of controlling insect vectors in a
home.
5. Give any two disadvantages of sharing a living house with
domestic animals.

Lesson 7
Poor water supply
Read and spell
Waterborne, water associated, water contact,
 bilharziasis
 Poor water supply
 It is when the community receives little or dirty water for
use.
Water associated diseases
A) Water borne diseases
 These are diseases spread through drinking contaminated
water.
Examples include:
1. Cholera
2. Typhoid
3. Bilharzia
4. Polio
5. Dysentery.
6. Hepatitis.
7. Diarrhoea
B) Water contact diseases
 These are diseases which spread when our bodies get into
contact with contaminated water.
Examples of water contact diseases
 Bilharzia
 Swimmer’s itch
 Ear, eye and nose infections
b) Water cleaned diseases
 These are diseases we get when we don’t have enough
water to use.
Examples of water cleaned diseases include;
1. Scabies
2. Impetigo
3. Trachoma
4. Conjunctivitis
5. Eczema
D) Water habitat vector diseases
 These are diseases which spread by vectors which spend
part of their life cycle in water.
Examples of water habitat vector diseases include;
1. Malaria.
2. Bilharzia.
3. River blindness.
4. Dengue fever.
5. Yellow fever.
Activities to address poor water supply.
1. Construct wells.
2. Cut bushes around wells
3. Fencing the water sources
4. Treating water
Activity
1. Mention the four groups of diseases associated with
water.

2. In each case, state any three examples of diseases in

each of the groups named above.

3. Write any two ways the community can control such

diseases.

4. Explain the meaning of the term water-habitat vector

disease?

5. Write any two examples of water habitat vector diseases.

6. State two ways of controlling common water habitat

vector diseases in a home.

The diagram below shows the route of transmission

of certain disease pathogens. Use it to answer the
questions that follow.
7. Mention any one disease whose transmission cycle is
represented in the diagram above.
8. How can diseases whose germs are spread as shown in Q
and R be prevented?
Lesson 8
Inadequate food
Read and spell
Inadequate, drought, chronic fatigue,
population increase, food security, health
concerns, malnutrition
 Inadequate food
 Inadequate food is the situation in which a family or
community members lack enough food
 Causes of inadequate food
 High population increase.
 Laziness and inability to grow crops.
 Poverty.
 Ignorance of good farming methods.
 Drought.
 Wars.
 Floods.
 Poor attitude towards farming
 Pests and diseases.
Food security
 It is having enough food for future use.
Effects of malnutrition in people
 Chronic fatigue.
 Low concentration at work.
 Poor spirit of doing things.
 Loss of interest at work

Activities to address inadequate food supply.

 Seek advice on good methods of farming from agricultural
officers.
 Construct valley dam to trap water for irrigation during
drought.
 Avoid draining wetlands to avoid floods.
 Introducing agriculture schools.
 Digging should not be given as punishment in schools.
 Grow crops which are resistant to diseases.
Activities to address health concerns
 Care for a home
 A home is a place where people stay and live.
 How to care for a home
 Slash tall grass around homes
 Drain stagnant water around our homes.
 Construct a pit latrine
 Have a rubbish pit

Activity
Consider the following case:
In a village setting, there are three families A, B and C each
with 6 members as follows. Family A has two adults, three
adolescents and a 4 year old kid. Family B has 6 adults while
family C has four adults, two of them are breast feeding
women.
1. With clear reasons, which of the families above need?
a) The most food.
b) More proteins and carbohydrates.
c) More mineralized foods
2. Should there be shortage of food for longer than a week,
which family is likely to:
a) Suffer from severe deficiency diseases?

b) Be the least affected by the lack of food?

Lesson 9
Healthy life styles
Read and spell
Lifestyle, body flexibility, juvenile, delinquency,
delinquent

 Healthy life styles

Examples of healthy life styles include;
 Doing physical exercises.
 Bathing daily.
 Eating a balanced diet.
 Going for medical checkups.
 Reasons for doing daily physical exercises
 For body flexibility.
 Strengthen body muscles.
 For proper functioning of the body organs and systems
 Reduce excess fats in the body.
 Health education
 It is the making of the community get aware of the
matters concerning diseases and how to prevent them.
 Ways of educating people
 Through Songs, plays, storytelling.
 Through Radios, newspapers and talk shows.
 School pupils pass information to their parents, brothers,
sisters and relatives.

Activity
1. State any one healthy life style that promotes healthful
living of people.

2. Give any one importance of doing physical exercises to the

body.
3. Write down the meaning of health education in relation to
population and community health.
4. Mention any two ways in which information health
authorities can be passed on to the people in the
community.
Lesson 10
Antisocial behaviour

Delinquency, juvenile, delinquent, truancy, arson,

wandering

Listen and spell

 Antisocial behaviour
 Anti-social behaviour is any behavior that is not
acceptable in the community
 Delinquency
 Delinquency is a bad act performed by a juvenile and is
punishable by law.

 Juvenile delinquency
 Juvenile delinquency is a bad act performed by a juvenile
and is punishable by law.
A Juvenile is person below 18 years.
A delinquent is a young person who commits an act
punishable by law.
 Examples of antisocial behaviour.
 Lying, Truancy, Stealing, Arson (fire setting), Sex
offences, Wandering, Telling lies.
 Fighting, Teasing in school/bullying, Murder, Drug abuse.
E.g. smoking.
 Child prostitution, Raping, Aggression/violence

Causes of antisocial behaviour

 Disturbed homes.
 Bad peer influence.
 Poor social environment.
 Poor home atmosphere like fighting by parents.
 Over strictness by both parents and teachers.
 Unfulfilled expectations.
 Pampering children.
 Failure to enforce rules in the community.
 Poor family back ground.
 Poor social environment.
Effects of antisocial behaviour
 Many delinquent children may become adult criminals.
 Individuals suffer from pain, injury and death.
 Sex offences may result into sexually Transmitted
Diseases.
 Fire setting leads to destruction people’s property.
 Drug abuse may be a bad example to the children.
 Leads to School dropout.
How to prevent and control antisocial behaviour.
 All parents should create stable families.
 Parents should take children through counseling and
guidance lessons.
 Children should join youth clubs and societies.
 Children should avoid bad peer groups.
 Children should be exposed to sex education.
 Punish wrong doers and praise good behavior.
Activity
1. Write any two ways of controlling antisocial behaviour in a
community.
2. Why is it a bad practice to pamper children in a family?
3. In which two ways does antisocial behaviour affect a
person?
4. Give the meaning of the following terms:
a) Delinquency
b) Crime
5. Mention any two examples of delinquency in the
community.

Lesson 11
Read and spell
Deviation, bestiality, homosexuality, masturbation,
lesbianism
Sexual deviations
Sexual deviation is an abnormal sexual practice.
Give the forms of Sexual deviations:
 Bestiality
 Homosexuality
 Masturbation
 Oral sex
 Lesbianism,
 Incest
Reasons why people practice sexual deviations.
 For personal satisfaction
 As an effect of drugs.
 As an effect of pornography consumption
 Bad peer influence.
 As a result of broken homes
Ways of avoiding sexual deviations.
 Avoid bad peer groups
 Avoiding drug abuse
 Through guidance and counseling.
 Avoid watching pornography.
 Avoid incentives from strangers.
 Join gainful clubs during leisure.
Activity
1. Write any three causes of sexual deviations in the
community.
2. State any two effects of sexual deviations to an individual.
3. In which three ways can you protect yourself from sexual
deviations?

Lesson 12
Having a family budget
Read and spell
Budget, demography, immigration,
emigration

Having a family budget

A family budget
 It is an advance plan
 of how the expected family income is to be spent.

Collecting information/data on human population.

Demography
 This is the study of the changing numbers of births,
deaths and diseases in a community.
 Information can be collected from hospitals and by going
to homes.
Importance of demography
 To plan for the community services e.g. health centres,
markets and water.

 The government is able to know the general health of

people.
Causes of changes in human population
Emigration
Immigration
Death rates
Birth rates
War
Diseases
Natural disasters
Population structure
Food security
Housing information
 This is the finding out of the number of people who sleep
in permanent or temporary houses to estimate the
poverty line of the people.
Available health services
 The government needs information on these services to
be able to deliver medical services quickly and monitor
the health of its population

Information available on health services include

 Immunization.
 Family planning.
 Treatment of infections.
 Provision of water.
 Control of epidemic diseases.
Project Activity
1. Make a budget to provide food to a family that has 5
 adults, 6 children under 10 years and 4 adolescent boys
and 2 adolescent girls.
Lesson 13
Collecting information on available health services
Read and spell
Health services, health club, medical services,
health problems, health data

Collecting information on available health services

 Advantage of collecting information on available
health services.
 It helps in quick delivery of medical services.
 Control of epidemic diseases.
 It helps the government to monitor the health of people.
 Health surveys
 A health survey is a strategy of finding out health the
problems and solve them.
 The information obtained from a healthy survey is called
health data
 The health survey is carried out by village health
committee and government officials.

Importance of health surveys.

 It helps the government to plan well for the people.
 It helps the government to improve on health status of
people.
 Nature of questions asked.
i. What are the common sicknesses in the community?
ii. What kind of treatment is given for each sickness?
iii. What are the Causes of the sickness
A health club
 It is an association of members in a school or community
who voluntarily wish to promote community health.
Activities of health clubs include:
 Promotion of personal hygiene in a community/school.
 Educating members of the community about sanitation.
 Encourage the community to participate in community
basic health programmes.
Caring for those in poor health
 1Getting health information from technical personnel and
distributing to the community.
1. Mention any one advantage of collecting on available
health services to the government?
2. In one sentence give the meaning of the term healthy
survey.
3. How are health clubs useful in our community?
4. Identify any two activities done by a health club in a
school.
5. Mention any two sample questions that are normally
asked during a healthy survey.