*Adv java

📄 Q1 from Question Paper 1

a) Write down 2 packages of JDBC API.

• java.sql
• javax.sql

b) What is yield( ) method?

• The yield() method pauses the current thread and allows other threads of the same
priority to execute. It’s a way to give up CPU voluntarily.

c) What is JDBC?

• JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is an API that allows Java programs to connect
and interact with databases using SQL.

d) What is scriptlet tag?

• A scriptlet tag in JSP is <% %> and it is used to write Java code within HTML.

e) What is wait( ) and notify( ) in multithreading?

• wait() pauses the thread until another thread invokes notify() or notifyAll() on
the same object. These methods are used for inter-thread communication.

f) What is Networking?

• Networking refers to the process of connecting two or more computers to share

resources and data. In Java, it's achieved using classes from java.net.

g) What is Driver Manager class?

• DriverManager is a class in JDBC used to manage a list of database drivers and

establish a connection to a database.

h) What is ORM?

• ORM (Object Relational Mapping) is a technique to map Java objects to database

tables and vice versa. Frameworks like Hibernate use ORM.

i) What is Session?

• A session is a way to store information across multiple user requests. It is commonly

used in web applications to maintain state.

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j) What is the role of Prepared Statement?

• A PreparedStatement is used to execute parameterized SQL queries. It improves

performance and prevents SQL injection.

📄 Q1 from Question Paper 2

a) Write down 2 methods of connection interface.

• createStatement()
• prepareStatement()

b) What is sleep() method in multithreading?

• sleep(milliseconds) is used to pause the execution of the current thread for a

specified time.

c) What is the method to set the thread priority?

• setPriority(int newPriority)

d) Write down 2 classes used in socket programming.

• Socket
• ServerSocket

e) What is IP address?

• An IP address is a unique string of numbers separated by periods that identifies each

computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate.

f) What is doGet( ) method of servlet?

• doGet() is used to handle HTTP GET requests from a client in a servlet.

g) What are the parameters of service() method of servlet.

• HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response

h) What is JSP?

• JSP (JavaServer Pages) is a technology used to create dynamic web content using
HTML and embedded Java code.

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i) What is Hibernate?

• Hibernate is a Java ORM framework used for mapping Java objects to database
tables.

j) What is getConnection method?

• getConnection() is a static method of DriverManager used to establish a database

connection.

📄 Q1 from Question Paper 3

a) List types of ResultSet.

• TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY
• TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE
• TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE

b) What is IP Address?

• An IP address is a unique number assigned to each device connected to a network.

c) What is JDBC?

• JDBC is an API for Java that allows the connection and execution of queries with
databases.

d) What is servlet?

• A servlet is a Java class used to handle requests and responses in a web application.

e) What is cookies?

• Cookies are small pieces of data stored on the client’s browser used to maintain
session information.

f) What is UDP?

• UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless, fast transport layer protocol used
in networking.

g) What is thread?

• A thread is a lightweight sub-process, the smallest unit of processing in a Java

program.

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h) What is socket?

• A socket is an endpoint for communication between two machines.

i) List the directives in JSP.

• <%@ page %>, <%@ include %>, <%@ taglib %>

j) What is networking?

• Networking is the communication between multiple computers or devices to share

data and resources.

✅ Q2 – Question Paper 1

Attempt any four of the following:

a) Explain life cycle of servlet.

Answer:
The servlet lifecycle is managed by the servlet container and involves:

1. Loading and Instantiation – Servlet class is loaded and instantiated.

2. Initialization (init()) – Called once when the servlet is first loaded.
3. Request Handling (service()) – Handles client requests.
4. Destruction (destroy()) – Called once before the servlet is removed from service.

b) Differentiate between Statement and PreparedStatement.

Answer:

Statement PreparedStatement

Compiles SQL every time Compiled once, reused

Less secure Prevents SQL Injection

Slower for repeated use Faster with repeated execution

c) Explain Inter Thread communication in Multithreading.

Answer:
It allows synchronized threads to communicate using wait(), notify(), and notifyAll().

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 • wait() – thread waits.
• notify() – wakes one waiting thread.
• notifyAll() – wakes all waiting threads.

Used for cooperation between threads (e.g., producer-consumer problem).

d) Explain JSP Architecture.

Answer:
JSP architecture follows MVC:

1. Client sends request.

2. JSP acts as view (presentation).
3. Servlet/Controller processes request.
4. JavaBeans/Model interacts with DB.
5. Response sent back to client.

e) Write a JDBC Program to Insert the record into patient table (Use
prepared statement).

Answer:

java
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Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hospital", "root",
"pass");
PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO patient VALUES
(?, ?, ?)");
pst.setInt(1, 101);
pst.setString(2, "John");
pst.setInt(3, 45);
pst.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("Record Inserted");

✅ Q2 – Question Paper 2

a) What is statement? Explain the types of statements in JDBC.

Answer:
Statement is used to execute SQL queries.
Types:

1. Statement – Simple SQL queries.

2. PreparedStatement – Precompiled, parameterized queries.
3. CallableStatement – Executes stored procedures.

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b) Explain thread life cycle with diagram.

Answer:
Thread Lifecycle states:

1. New – Created using Thread t = new Thread();

2. Runnable – Ready to run.
3. Running – Currently executing.
4. Blocked/Waiting – Waiting for resource.
5. Terminated – Execution completed.

c) What are the implicit objects in JSP? Explain any 4.

Answer:

1. request – for HTTP request.

2. response – for HTTP response.
3. session – maintains user session.
4. application – for shared data across pages.

d) Write down the difference between doGet() and doPost() method.

Answer:

doGet() doPost()

Sends data via URL Sends data in body

Less secure More secure

Limited data size Can send large data

e) Write a Java program to count number of records in a table.

Answer:

java
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Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db", "root",
"pass");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student");

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if(rs.next()) {
System.out.println("Total Records: " + rs.getInt(1));
}

✅ Q2 – Question Paper 3

a) List & explain all the interfaces used in JDBC.

Answer:

1. Driver – Loads JDBC drivers.

2. Connection – Connects to DB.
3. Statement – Executes SQL queries.
4. PreparedStatement – Executes parameterized queries.
5. ResultSet – Stores query result.
6. CallableStatement – Calls stored procedures.

b) Differentiate between HTTP servlet and Generic servlet.

Answer:

HTTPServlet GenericServlet

For HTTP requests only Protocol-independent

Extends HttpServlet Extends GenericServlet

Has doGet(), doPost() Has service()

c) Explain life cycle of JSP with suitable diagram.

Answer:
JSP lifecycle stages:

1. Translation – JSP → Servlet.

2. Compilation – Servlet compiled to class.
3. Loading – Servlet loaded into container.
4. Instantiation – Object is created.
5. Initialization – jspInit() method.
6. Request handling – _jspService() method.
7. Destruction – jspDestroy() method.

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d) What is synchronization? Explain.

Answer:
Synchronization prevents multiple threads from accessing shared resources at the same time. It uses
the synchronized keyword.
Example:

java
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synchronized void printData() {
// code
}

1.

a) Explain JDBC Drivers with a suitable diagram

JDBC Drivers are used to connect Java applications to databases.

Types of JDBC Drivers:

1. Type 1: JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver

o Uses ODBC driver to connect to the database.
o Deprecated in modern Java.
o Example: sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver
2. Type 2: Native API Driver
o Converts JDBC calls into native API calls (specific to DB).
o Platform dependent.
3. Type 3: Network Protocol Driver
o Uses a middleware server to translate JDBC calls.
o Flexible and portable.
4. Type 4: Thin Driver (Pure Java)
o Directly connects to the database using Java.
o Most efficient and widely used.

Diagram:

pgsql
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Java App
|
| (JDBC API)
↓
JDBC Driver Manager
↓
JDBC Driver (Type 1 / 2 / 3 / 4)
↓
Database

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b) Use of InetAddress class with example

InetAddress is used to represent IP addresses and host names.

Common Methods:

• getLocalHost() – Get local machine IP

• getByName(String host) – Get IP of given domain
• getHostAddress() – Get IP address
• getHostName() – Get host name

Example:
java
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import java.net.*;

public class InetDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("www.google.com");

System.out.println("Host Name: " + ip.getHostName());

System.out.println("IP Address: " + ip.getHostAddress());
}
}

c) Differentiate between JSP and Servlet

Feature JSP Servlet

File Extension .jsp .java

Syntax HTML + Java code Pure Java code

Compilation Compiled into servlet Already written as servlet

Easy for designers Yes (HTML first) No (Java-heavy)

Performance Slightly slower initially Faster startup

Use Case View/Presentation logic Controller/Business logic

d) JDBC Program to delete students with names starting with 'm'

java
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import java.sql.*;

public class DeleteMStudents {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

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 Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/college", "root",
"password");

String sql = "DELETE FROM student WHERE name LIKE 'm%'";

PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);

int rows = pst.executeUpdate();

System.out.println(rows + " record(s) deleted.");
con.close();
}
}

e) JSP Program to display prime numbers between 1 to n

JSP File: prime.jsp

jsp
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<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<html>
<body>
<form method="post">
Enter n: <input type="number" name="n" />
<input type="submit" value="Show Primes" />
</form>

<%
String str = request.getParameter("n");
if(str != null){
int n = Integer.parseInt(str);

out.print("<h3>Prime numbers between 1 and " + n + ":</h3>");

for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
boolean isPrime = true;
for(int j = 2; j <= i/2; j++) {
if(i % j == 0) {
isPrime = false;
break;
}
}
if(isPrime) out.print(i + " ");
}
}
%>
</body>
</html>

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2- Q3: [4 × 4 = 16]

a) Explain Architecture of Hibernate:

Hibernate Architecture consists of:

• Configuration: Reads hibernate.cfg.xml or hibernate.properties.

• SessionFactory: Created once and used to create Session objects.
• Session: Represents a single-threaded unit of work.
• Transaction: Used to group database operations.
• Query: Used to retrieve data.
• Object-Relational Mapping (ORM): Maps Java classes to DB tables.

Diagram:

pgsql
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Application
|
SessionFactory
|
Session
| \
Transaction Query
|
Database

b) What is ResultSet in JDBC? Explain methods:

ResultSet is an interface in JDBC used to hold data retrieved from the database.

Important methods:

• next() – Moves the cursor to next row.

• getString(columnName) – Gets string from column.
• getInt(columnName) – Gets integer from column.
• close() – Closes the ResultSet.

c) Explain JSP Life Cycle with diagram:

JSP Life Cycle Stages:

1. Translation: JSP → Servlet.

2. Compilation: Servlet is compiled.
3. Loading: Loaded into memory.
4. Instantiation: Object is created.
5. Initialization: jspInit() is called.
6. Request Processing: jspService() is called.
7. Destroy: jspDestroy() is called.

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Diagram:

scss
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JSP Page
↓
Translation
↓
Compilation
↓
Servlet Class
↓
Initialization (jspInit)
↓
Request Handling (jspService)
↓
Destroy (jspDestroy)

d) Java Program to print 100 to 1 using sleep():

java
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public class CountDown {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 100; i >= 1; i--) {
System.out.println(i);
Thread.sleep(100); // sleep for 100 milliseconds
}
}
}

e) Java Program to create table student (Rno, Sname, Per):

java
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import java.sql.*;

public class CreateStudentTable {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yourDB", "root",
"password");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String sql = "CREATE TABLE student (Rno INT, Sname VARCHAR(50),
Per FLOAT)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Table created successfully.");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

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-3 Q3: [4 × 4 = 16]

a) Explain Statement Interface:

Statement is used to execute static SQL queries. Methods:

• executeQuery(String sql) – Returns ResultSet.

• executeUpdate(String sql) – Performs insert/update/delete.
• close() – Closes the Statement.

b) Explain Thread Priority:

Java threads can be assigned a priority between 1 (MIN) to 10 (MAX).

• Default: 5 (NORM_PRIORITY)
• Use setPriority(int) and getPriority().
• Higher priority threads are scheduled first (but not guaranteed).

c) Difference between TCP and UDP Socket:

Feature TCP UDP

Type Connection-oriented Connection-less

Reliability Reliable (error checking) Not reliable

Speed Slower Faster

Use Case Web, Email Streaming, Gaming

d) Java Program to print "Hello Java" 10 times:

java
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public class HelloJava {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
System.out.println("Hello Java");
}
}
}

e) Java Program to delete salary column from Emp table:

java
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import java.sql.*;

public class DeleteColumn {

public static void main(String[] args) {

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 try {
Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yourDB", "root",
"password");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String sql = "ALTER TABLE Emp DROP COLUMN salary";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Salary column deleted.");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}

Q1.Q4) Attempt any four:

a) Scripting Elements of JSP:

1. Declarations (<%! %>) – Declare variables and methods.

2. Scriptlets (<% %>) – Java code that is executed.
3. Expressions (<%= %>) – Outputs values to the client.

b) Steps to connect to a database in Java (JDBC):

1. Load the driver class:

java
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Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

2. Create connection:

java
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Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

3. Create statement:

java
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Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

4. Execute query:

java
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ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM tablename");

5. Close connection:

java
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con.close();

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c) doGet() vs doPost() methods:
doGet() doPost()

Sends data via URL Sends data in request body

Limited data size No size limitation

Less secure More secure

Used for fetching data Used for updating/sending data

d) JSP Program – Factorial of a number:

jsp
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<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
<%
int n = 5; // example number
int fact = 1;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
fact *= i;
}
out.println("Factorial of " + n + " is: " + fact);
%>
</body>
</html>

e) Servlet to display employee details:

java
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import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class DisplayEmployee extends HttpServlet {

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
throws IOException {
res.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
try {
Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yourDB", "root",
"pass");
Statement st = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM employee");

out.println("<table
border='1'><tr><th>ENO</th><th>ENAME</th><th>SAL</th><th>DESIGN</th></tr>")
;
while(rs.next()) {
out.println("<tr><td>" + rs.getInt("eno") + "</td><td>" +
rs.getString("ename") +
"</td><td>" + rs.getFloat("sal") + "</td><td>"
+ rs.getString("design") + "</td></tr>");

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 }
out.println("</table>");
} catch(Exception e) {
out.println("Error: " + e);
}
}
}

Q5) Write short notes on any two:

a) GenericServlet vs HttpServlet:

• GenericServlet – Protocol-independent, used for any service (not just HTTP).

• HttpServlet – Extension of GenericServlet for handling HTTP-specific requests like GET,
POST.

b) Cookies:

• Small pieces of data stored on the client-side.

• Used for session tracking.
• Can store username, preferences, etc.

c) ResultSet Interface:

• Used to hold and access data retrieved via SQL queries.

• Cursor-based navigation using next(), previous(), etc.

Q2.Q4) Attempt any four:

a) States of Object in Hibernate:

1. Transient – New object, not yet saved.

2. Persistent – Saved and associated with session.
3. Detached – Previously persistent, now session closed.
4. Removed – Marked for deletion.

b) Session Tracking in Servlet:

Techniques:

1. Cookies
2. Hidden Form Fields
3. URL Rewriting
4. HttpSession

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c) Thread Priority:

• Java allows setting thread priority from 1 to 10.

• Default: 5 (NORM_PRIORITY)
• Set using:

java
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thread.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);

d) JSP to accept and greet user:

jsp
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<html>
<body>
<form method="post">
Enter your name: <input type="text" name="uname">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
<%
String name = request.getParameter("uname");
if(name != null)
out.println("Welcome " + name + "!");
%>
</body>
</html>

e) Java Program to display IP Address:

java
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import java.net.*;

public class IPDisplay {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
System.out.println("IP Address: " + ip.getHostAddress());
}
}

Q5) Short notes on any two:

a) Connection Interface:

• Part of JDBC.
• Used to establish connection with database using:

java
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Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);

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b) Runnable Interface:

• Interface used to create threads using:

java
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class MyThread implements Runnable {
public void run() {
// code
}
}

c) Thread Synchronization:

• Prevents multiple threads from accessing the same resource.

• Achieved using synchronized keyword.

Q3.

Q4. Attempt any FOUR of the following:

a) Write a java program to display IP Address of a Machine.

java
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import java.net.*;

public class IPAddress {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
System.out.println("IP Address: " + ip.getHostAddress());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

b) Explain Architecture of Hibernate.

Answer: Hibernate is an ORM (Object Relational Mapping) framework that maps Java classes to
database tables.
Hibernate Architecture includes:

1. Configuration – hibernate.cfg.xml or annotations.

2. SessionFactory – A factory for session objects.
3. Session – Provides CRUD operations.
4. Transaction – Used for database transaction handling.
5. Query – HQL or SQL queries.

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 6. Persistent Objects – Java classes mapped to database tables.

Diagram:

pgsql
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Application
|
Configuration --> SessionFactory
|
Session --> Transaction
|
Database

c) Explain life cycle of servlet with suitable diagram.

Answer: Servlet lifecycle is managed by the servlet container and includes the following phases:

1. Loading and Instantiation – Servlet class is loaded and instance is created.

2. Initialization (init() method) – Called once when servlet is initialized.
3. Request Handling (service() method) – Called for each client request.
4. Destruction (destroy() method) – Called before servlet is removed.

Diagram:

rust
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Client Request
|
[Web Container]
|
-> init()
-> service()
-> destroy()

d) What is multithreading? Explain.

Answer: Multithreading is a process of executing multiple threads simultaneously. It helps in

performing many tasks at the same time, improving performance.

Advantages:

• Efficient CPU usage

• Faster execution
• Better performance for multitasking applications

Example:

java
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class MyThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread is running...");

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 }
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread t = new MyThread();
t.start();
}
}

e) Write a java servlet program to accept name from user & display on browser [use HTML].

HTML Form:

html
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<form action="NameServlet" method="post">
Enter Name: <input type="text" name="username">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

Servlet Code:

java
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import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class NameServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String name = request.getParameter("username");
out.println("<h1>Hello, " + name + "</h1>");
}
}

Q5. Write a short note on Any TWO of the following:

a) notify(), notifyAll() & wait()

Answer: These are used in multithreading for thread communication.

• wait() – Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes notify() or
notifyAll().
• notify() – Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the object's monitor.
• notifyAll() – Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the object's monitor.

Example:

java
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synchronized(obj) {
obj.wait(); // waits

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 obj.notify(); // notifies one
obj.notifyAll(); // notifies all
}

b) Applications of Spring.

Answer: Spring is a powerful Java framework used for building enterprise-level applications.

Applications:

• Web applications using Spring MVC.

• Microservices using Spring Boot.
• Dependency injection and AOP.
• Data access using Spring Data JPA.
• Security with Spring Security.

c) Connection Interface.

Answer: Connection interface in Java SQL package represents a connection (session) with a
database.

Important methods:

• createStatement()
• prepareStatement()
• commit()
• rollback()
• close()

Example:

java
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Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users");

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