2.
1 Counting and sequences
b Jodi starts to make a table showing the position (shape number)
and the term (total number of rectangles and triangles).
Copy and complete her table.
Position Term
1 3
2
9
12
5
c What is the position-to-term rule for Jodi’s sequence?
d What is the 50th term in the sequence?
Check your answers with your partner.
5 Pablo counts up in quarters.
What are the two missing numbers?
1 1 3 1
1 1 2
4 2 4 2
6 a Write a sequence with steps of constant size in which the first
term is 1 and the fifth term is 1.04.
, , , ,
b What is the 10th term?
7 Ollie writes a number sequence starting at 15 and counting back in steps of 0.4.
15, 14.6, 14.2, 13.8, …
He says, ‘1.5 cannot be in my sequence.’
Ollie is correct. How do you know without counting back?
Discuss your answer with your partner.
2
8 Hassan counts back in steps of starting at 0.
5
2 4 1
He counts 0, – , – , –1 , …
5 5 5
Which of these numbers could Hassan say?
4 3
–1– –2 –3 –3 –4
5 5
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2 Numbers and sequences
9 Samira counts on from 20 in steps of 1.001
20 21.001 22.002 23.003 ….
Write the first number Samira says which is bigger than 30.
Think back over the work you have done on sequences.
What have you learned?
Is there anything you need to get better at?
Think like a mathematician
The diagram shows the first five hexagonal numbers:
1, 6, 15, 28, 45 ….
How does the sequence continue?
What is the next number in the sequence?
Write these numbers as the sum of two hexagonal
numbers: 12, 21, 39, 30
The first one is done for you.
12 = 6 + 6
Investigate which other numbers, less than 100,
can be written as the sum of two hexagonal numbers.
Look what I can do!
I can count on and back using fractions and decimals.
I can find and use the position-to-term rule in a sequence.
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2.2 Special numbers
2.2 Special numbers
We are going to …
• work out the square number in any position, for example the ninth
square number is 9 × 9 = 81
• use the notation 2 to represent squared
• know the cube of numbers up to 5, for example 5³ = 5 × 5 × 5 or
52 × 5 which is 125.
Have you ever tried to solve the Rubik’s cube puzzle?
How many small cubes make up the large cube?
In this section you will learn about cube numbers. cube number
square number
Worked example 2
Which is larger?
23 or 32
Explain your answer.
Answer: 32 > 23 Explain your answer by showing the calculations for
23 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 23 and 32.
32 = 3 × 3 = 9
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2 Numbers and sequences
Exercise 2.2
1 What is the ninth square number?
2 Calculate.
a 52 b 102 c 72
3 Find two square numbers that total 45 when added together.
4 Here are three cubes of increasing size.
A B C
How many small cubes are in each of the large cubes?
Finding the number of small cubes in the large cube is
equivalent to finding the volume of the large cube.
Both answers are the cube of the length.
What is equivalent to finding the square of the length?
5 Calculate.
a 53 b 13 c 33
Check your answers to questions 4 and 5 with your partner.
28
2.2 Special numbers
6 Copy this Carroll diagram and write a number less than 100 in each section.
Odd Not odd
Cube number
Not a cube number
7 Find two cube numbers that total 152 when added together.
8 Classify these expressions into two groups. Explain how you chose the groups.
23 32 23 + 1 half of 42 32 – 1
Discuss your answer with your partner.
Think like a mathematician
Two consecutive squares
1 and 4 are two consecutive square numbers. 1 + 4 = 5
4 and 9 are two consecutive square numbers. 4 + 9 = 13
Investigate the sums of two consecutive square numbers.
If you are systematic you should find an interesting pattern.
Adding odd numbers
The first two odd number are 1 and 3. Their sum is 4
The first five odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9. What is their sum?
Investigate the sums of consecutive odd numbers starting at 1.
What do you notice?
Look what I can do!
I can work out the square number in any position, for example
the ninth square number is 9 × 9 = 81.
I can use the notation 2 to represent squared.
I can work out the cube of numbers up to 5, for example 53 = 5 × 5 × 5 or 52 × 5
which is 125.
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