Motion

1. What is motion?
Motion is the change in position of an object with respect to a fixed point(origin)

2. What is distance?
Distance is the actual length of the path travelled by the object. It is a scalar quantity
that is described completely by magnitude alone. Its unit is km or m or cm

3. What is displacement?
Displacement is the change in position of an object i.e. initial position to final position.
It is a vector quantity that is described completely by both magnitude and direction.
Its unit is same as distance km or m or cm

4. What is Speed?
Speed is the distance travelled by a body in unit time. It is a scalar quantity. Its unit
is m/s or km/h

5. What is uniform speed?

When a body covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, however small those
time intervals may be it is said to have uniform speed.

6. What is variable speed?

When a body covers unequal distances in equal or unequal intervals of time it is said
to have variable or non uniform speed.

7. What is velocity?
Velocity is the rate at which displacement takes place. It is a vector quantity. Its unit
is same as speed ie. m/s or km/h

8. What is uniform velocity?

When a body covers equal distance in equal intervals of time ie if a body has uniform
speed and travels in a straight line or moves in the same direction it is said to have
uniform velocity.

9. What is variable velocity?

When a body moves with variable speed and moves in the same direction or if a
body moves with uniform speed and changes its direction or a body changes its
speed and changes its direction it is said to have variable velocity.

10. What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. It is a vector quantity. Its unit is m/s2 or
km/h2

11. What is uniform acceleration?

 When the change in velocity is equal in equal intervals of time. For example a freely
falling body changes its speed by equal amounts in equal intervals of time and
moves down in a straight line as it drops to the ground.

12. What is non uniform acceleration?

When the change in velocity is unequal in equal or unequal intervals of time. For
example when a car moves along the road its speed or velocity changes unequally
as it moves along the road at different times.

13. What is uniform circular motion?

When a body moves with uniform speed in a circular path it is said to have uniform
circular motion. In this type of motion though the object may move with the same
speed but its direction changes at every point to remain along a circular path. As a
result its velocity changes. For example, motion of the earth around the sun, motion
of moon around the earth, a person riding a bike with uniform speed along a circular
track.

14. What is the shape of the graph of uniform speed?

The graph of uniform speed is a straight line.

Equations of Motion

1. a= v-u
t

2. s = ut + ½ at2

3. v2 = u2 +2as

a is acceleration, v is final velocity, u is initial velocity, t is time and s is distance

v= 2ℼr
t
v is velocity or speed, r is radius and t is time.

Mcqs for practice

1. What is motion?
a) The change of position of an object with time
b) The color change of an object
c) The size change of an object
d) The shape change of an object
Answer: a) The change of position of an object with time

2. Which of the following is the unit of speed?

a) m/s
b) kg/m
c) m/s²
d) m³/s
Answer: a) m/s

3. What does uniform motion mean?

a) Changing speed
b) Changing direction
c) Constant speed
d) Constant acceleration
Answer: c) Constant speed

4. What is the formula for speed?

a) Speed = Distance × Time
b) Speed = Distance / Time
c) Speed = Time / Distance
d) Speed = Distance + Time

Answer: b) Speed = Distance / Time

5. What is the unit of distance?

a) Second
b) Meter
c) Kilogram
d) Newton

Answer: b) Meter

6. If an object moves 100 meters in 20 seconds, what is its speed?

a) 5 m/s
b) 2 m/s
c) 10 m/s
d) 20 m/s

Answer: a) 5 m/s

7. What is velocity?
a) Speed in a particular direction
b) Speed in all directions
c) Speed without direction
d) Distance per unit time

Answer: a) Speed in a particular direction

8. Which of the following is a vector quantity?

a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Velocity
d) Mass

Answer: c) Velocity

9. What is acceleration?
a) Change in speed
b) Change in velocity
c) Change in direction
d) Change in distance

Answer: b) Change in velocity

10. Which of the following is the unit of acceleration?

a) m/s
b) m/s²
c) m
d) m²/s
Answer: b) m/s²

11. If an object accelerates from 0 to 20 m/s in 5 seconds, what is its

acceleration?
a) 4 m/s²
b) 5 m/s²
c) 6 m/s²
d) 3 m/s²
Answer: a) 4 m/s²

12. What does the slope of a distance-time graph represent?

a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Time
d) Acceleration
Answer: a) Speed

13. What does the slope of a velocity-time graph represent?

a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Acceleration
d) Time
Answer: c) Acceleration

14. What is the acceleration of an object moving at constant velocity?

a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Infinity
Answer: a) Zero

15. If a car is traveling at 30 m/s and comes to a stop in 10 seconds, what is its
acceleration?
a) -3 m/s²
b) -5 m/s²
c) -10 m/s²
d) -2 m/s²
Answer: b) -3 m/s²

16. What is the difference between speed and velocity?

a) Speed is a scalar, velocity is a vector
b) Speed is a vector, velocity is a scalar
c) Speed includes direction, velocity does not
d) There is no difference
Answer: a) Speed is a scalar, velocity is a vector

17. If an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to

be in __________.
a) Non-uniform motion
b) Uniform motion
c) Accelerated motion
d) Circular motion
Answer: b) Uniform motion

Answer: a) Speed is a scalar, velocity is a vector

18. If an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be

in __________.
a) Non-uniform motion
b) Uniform motion
c) Accelerated motion
d) Circular motion
Answer: b) Uniform motion
19. What is the formula for acceleration?
a) Acceleration = Velocity / Time
b) Acceleration = Time / Velocity
c) Acceleration = Change in velocity / Time
d) Acceleration = Distance / Time
Answer: c) Acceleration = Change in velocity / Time

20. What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

a) Constant speed
b) Increasing speed
c) Stationary object
d) Decreasing speed
Answer: c) Stationary object

21. If an object is moving with uniform velocity, what will its acceleration be?
a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Variable
Answer: a) Zero

22. Which physical quantity is described by the area under the velocity-time
graph?
a) Speed
b) Acceleration
c) Distance
d) Displacement
Answer: d) Displacement

23. What does a steep slope on a distance-time graph indicate?

a) Slow speed
b) Fast speed
c) No motion
d) Uniform motion
Answer: b) Fast speed

24. If a cyclist is moving at a constant speed of 10 m/s, how far will they travel
in 5 seconds?
a) 50 m
b) 100 m
c) 10 m
d) 5 m
Answer: a) 50 m
25. What kind of motion is described by an object moving in a circular path at
constant speed?
a) Uniform motion
b) Non-uniform motion
c) Uniform circular motion
d) Non-uniform circular motion
Answer: c) Uniform circular motion

26. What is displacement?

a) Total path length traveled
b) Change in position of an object
c) Time taken to cover a distance
d) Speed in a particular direction
Answer: b) Change in position of an object

27. A car accelerates from rest to 60 km/h in 10 seconds. What is its average
acceleration?
a) 6 km/h²
b) 10 km/h²
c) 3 km/h²
d) 60 km/h²
Answer: c) 3 km/h²

28. What is the unit of velocity?

a) m/s²
b) m/s
c) km
d) s/m
Answer: b) m/s

29. Which of the following represents non-uniform motion?

a) Constant speed
b) Increasing speed
c) Decreasing speed
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c

30.If a train travels 120 km in 2 hours, what is its average speed?

60 km/h
b) 120 km/h
c) 240 km/h
d) 30 km/h
Answer: a) 60 km/h
31. What does a curved line on a distance-time graph indicate?
a) Uniform motion
b) Non-uniform motion
c) No motion
d) Constant speed
Answer: b) Non-uniform motion

32. An object covers 80 meters in 4 seconds. What is its speed?

a) 10 m/s
b) 20 m/s
c) 40 m/s
d) 5 m/s
Answer: a) 20 m/s

33. Which of the following is not a unit of speed?

a) m/s
b) km/h
c) m/s²
d) m/min
Answer: c) m/s²

34. If an object is decelerating, what will be the sign of its acceleration?

a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Zero
d) Variable
Answer: b) Negative

35. Which physical quantity can be zero even when an object is moving?
a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Displacement
d) Velocity
Answer: c) Displacement

36. What is the initial velocity of an object starting from rest?

a) 1 m/s
b) 5 m/s
c) 0 m/s
d) 10 m/s
Answer: c) 0 m/s
37. Which term describes the total length of the path traveled by an object?
a) Speed
b) Displacement
c) Distance
d) Velocity
Answer: c) Distance

38. What does the term ‘deceleration’ mean?

a) Increase in speed
b) Decrease in speed
c) Constant speed
d) Zero speed
Answer: b) Decrease in speed

39. which type of motion is the speed constant but direction changes?
a) Linear motion
b) Uniform motion
c) Circular motion
d) Non-uniform motion
Answer: c) Circular motion

40. An object travels 15 meters north and then 20 meters south. What is its
displacement?
a) 5 meters
b) 35 meters
c) 15 meters
d) 20 meters
Answer: a) 5 meters

41. If a car’s speedometer reads a constant speed, what kind of motion is it

in?
a) Non-uniform motion
b) Accelerated motion
c) Uniform motion
d) Stationary
Answer: c) Uniform motion

42. A ball is thrown upwards and then comes down. What is the direction of
its acceleration?
a) Upwards
b) Downwards
c) Horizontal
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Downwards
43. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
a) Velocity
b) Displacement
c) Acceleration
d) Speed
Answer: d) Speed

44. If an object moves with a constant speed in a straight line, what is its
acceleration?
a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Constant
Answer: a) Zero