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Computer_Science_Practical_File (2) (1)

Class 12 Computer science project

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hzz124421
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3 views6 pages

Computer_Science_Practical_File (2) (1)

Class 12 Computer science project

Uploaded by

hzz124421
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Science Practical File

EXCEPTION HANDLING

1. Division by Zero
Program:

try:
a = int(input("Enter numerator: "))
b = int(input("Enter denominator: "))
print("Result:", a / b)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Error: Division by zero.")
Output:

Enter numerator: 10
Enter denominator: 0
Error: Division by zero.

2. Index Error
Program:

try:
lst = [1, 2, 3]
print(lst[5])
except IndexError:
print("Index out of range!")
Output:

Index out of range!

3. Value Error
Program:

try:
x = int(input("Enter an integer: "))
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input! Not an integer.")
Output:

Enter an integer: abc


Invalid input! Not an integer.

4. Multiple Exceptions
Program:

try:
a = int(input("Enter a: "))
b = int(input("Enter b: "))
print("Result:", a / b)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero.")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input.")
Output:

Enter a: ten
Invalid input.

5. Finally Block
Program:

try:
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print("Square:", num * num)
finally:
print("This block always runs.")
Output:

Enter a number: 5
Square: 25
This block always runs.

DATA FILE HANDLING

1. Write to a Text File


Program:

with open("sample.txt", "w") as f:


f.write("Hello, World!")
Output:

File Output (sample.txt):


Hello, World!

2. Read from a Text File


Program:

with open("sample.txt", "r") as f:


content = f.read()
print(content)
Output:

Hello, World!

3. Append to a File
Program:

with open("sample.txt", "a") as f:


f.write("\nWelcome to Python.")
Output:

File Output (sample.txt):


Hello, World!
Welcome to Python.

4. Count Lines in File


Program:

with open("sample.txt", "r") as f:


lines = f.readlines()
print("Total lines:", len(lines))
Output:

Total lines: 2

5. Search a Word in File


Program:

word = "Python"
with open("sample.txt", "r") as f:
found = any(word in line for line in f)
print("Found" if found else "Not Found")
Output:

Found

STACK

1. Stack using List


Program:

stack = []
stack.append(10)
stack.append(20)
print("Stack:", stack)
print("Popped:", stack.pop())
Output:

Stack: [10, 20]


Popped: 20

2. Stack with Functions


Program:

def push(stack, item):


stack.append(item)

def pop(stack):
return stack.pop()
stack = []
push(stack, 1)
push(stack, 2)
print("Stack:", stack)
print("Popped:", pop(stack))
Output:

Stack: [1, 2]
Popped: 2

3. Stack Overflow (limit 3)


Program:

stack = []
limit = 3
for i in range(5):
if len(stack) < limit:
stack.append(i)
else:
print("Stack Overflow")
Output:

Stack Overflow
Stack Overflow

SORTING

1. Bubble Sort
Program:

arr = [5, 2, 9, 1]
n = len(arr)
for i in range(n):
for j in range(0, n-i-1):
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
print("Sorted array:", arr)
Output:

Sorted array: [1, 2, 5, 9]

2. Insertion Sort
Program:

arr = [4, 3, 2, 10]


for i in range(1, len(arr)):
key = arr[i]
j = i-1
while j >=0 and key < arr[j]:
arr[j+1] = arr[j]
j -= 1
arr[j+1] = key
print("Sorted:", arr)
Output:

Sorted: [2, 3, 4, 10]

3. Selection Sort
Program:

arr = [64, 25, 12, 22, 11]


for i in range(len(arr)):
min_idx = i
for j in range(i+1, len(arr)):
if arr[j] < arr[min_idx]:
min_idx = j
arr[i], arr[min_idx] = arr[min_idx], arr[i]
print("Sorted:", arr)
Output:

Sorted: [11, 12, 22, 25, 64]

4. Sort Strings Alphabetically


Program:

names = ["Zara", "Liam", "Emma", "Olivia"]


names.sort()
print("Sorted:", names)
Output:

Sorted: ['Emma', 'Liam', 'Olivia', 'Zara']

5. Merge Two Sorted Lists


Program:

a = [1, 3, 5]
b = [2, 4, 6]
merged = sorted(a + b)
print("Merged:", merged)
Output:

Merged: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

6. Count Sort (Simple Version)


Program:

arr = [1, 4, 1, 2, 7, 5, 2]
max_val = max(arr)
count = [0] * (max_val + 1)
for num in arr:
count[num] += 1
sorted_arr = []
for i in range(len(count)):
sorted_arr.extend([i] * count[i])
print("Sorted:", sorted_arr)
Output:

Sorted: [1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 5, 7]

7. Sort Dictionary by Value


Program:

d = {'a': 3, 'b': 1, 'c': 2}


sorted_d = dict(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda item: item[1]))
print("Sorted Dict:", sorted_d)
Output:

Sorted Dict: {'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'a': 3}

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