Task 1. If f: R→ Rand g: R→ R defined by f(x) = 2x+1 and g(x) = 3x+1.

(i) Find the functional values to the algebraic operations , (fg)(x), fog(x), and gof(x) by

explaining the way of performing operations. Show all steps of calculations.

a) ()
f
g
( x )=
f ( x ) 2 x +1
=
g ( x ) 3 x +1

b) ( fg )( x )=f ( x ) . g ( x )= ( 2 x +1 ) ( 3 x +1 )=6 x2 +5 x +1

c) f ( g ( x ) )=f ( 3 x+1 )=2 (3 x +1 ) +1=6 x +3

d) g ( f ( x ) )=g ( 2 x +1 )=3 ( 2 x+1 ) +1=6 x+ 4

(ii) Are fg, fog, and gof equal? Please explain your answer.

No, they are not equal:

( fg)( x )=6 x + 5 x +1is a quadratic function

2


 f ( g ( x ) )=6 x+3 is a linear function

 g ( f ( x ) )=6 x+ 4 is a linear function, but different from f (g(x ))

So:

 fg ≠ f ∘ g

 f ∘ g≠ g ∘ f

(iii) Find the domain and ranges of each of the 4 operations. Explain the procedure of finding the

domain and range for each of above 4 operations.

Assuming functions are defined over :

 f(x)=2x+1 and g(x)=3x+1 are both linear functions → Domain and Range: All Real

Numbers

a. ( fg )( x )= 23 xx +1+1

 Domain: All real numbers except where denominator = 0:

−1
3 x+ 1=0 ⇒ x= ​
3

Domain: R− {−13 }
2
Range: Rational function → asymptote at y= , so range is R−
3
2
3 {}
b. ( fg)( x )=6 x 2+ 5 x +1

 Domain: R

 Range: Since it opens upward (positive leading coefficient), minimum at vertex:

( ) ( )
2
−5 ( ) −5 −5
x= , f x min =6 +5 +1 ≈−0.04
12 12 12

So range: ¿

c. f ( g ( x ) )=6 x+3
 Domain : R (All real numbers)

Domain : R (All real numbers)

d. g(f(x))=6x+4g(f(x)) = 6x + 4g(f(x))=6x+4

Domain : R (All real numbers)

Domain : R (All real numbers)

Task 2. In a cutting-edge greenhouse, an advanced climate digital control system is installed

based on a DC inverter that maintains the desired temperature in the green house. The system's

temperature control function is described by

where T represents the temperature inside the greenhouse in degrees Celsius, and C represents

the desired control setting on the climate control system of DC inverter.

Based on that information, please provide answers to the following questions:

(i) Using the concept of the inverse function, determine the control setting (C) as a function of

greenhouse temperature (T). Please outline all the steps clearly.

(ii)Discuss any practical limitations or considerations that may impact the functionality of the

inverse function within the context of the greenhouse climate control system.

Domain Restrictions:

20 C+15
 Inside square root: ≥0
15C +16

 So, C must be chosen such that the expression remains non-negative

 16
 Also, denominator ≠ 0 , so 15 C+16 ≠ 0 ⇒ C ≠− .
15

Temperature Sensitivity:

 Inverse function involves squaring and rational expressions — sensitive to small changes

in T

 May lead to instability in control system if T is measured with low precision

Physical Constraints:

 Real greenhouses have min/max temperature and control values → restrict domain of C

and T

 Example: If T must be between 10°C and 40°C, corresponding C values must be checked

for safety and feasibility

Task 3.

If , here are some transformations , , ,

of

Please answer the following questions:

(i) Draw the graphs of , , , , of

a). f ( x )= √5 x

b). f ( x )= √5 x +6

c). f ( x )= √5 x−6
d). f ( x )= √5 50 x

e). f ( x )= √5 x /50

ii) Explain the above 4 transformations of graphically.

1. Original Function:

f ( x )= √5 x is an odd function (symmetric about the origin), passes through (0,0),

increasing for all xxx, and has an S-shaped curve.

2. Vertical Shift Up:

f ( x )= √ x +6 shifts the entire graph up by 6 units.

5

3. Vertical Shift Down:

f ( x )= √ x−6 shifts the graph down by 6 units.

5

4. Horizontal Compression:

f ( x )= √ 50 x compresses the graph horizontally (makes it steeper), because multiplying x

5

by a number >1 results in faster growth.

5. Horizontal Stretch:

f ( x )= (√ 50x )stretches the graph horizontally (makes it wider), since dividing xxx by 50
5

slows down its growth.

Function Transformation Type Description

f ( x )= √ x
5
Original No transformation

f ( x )= √ x +6
5
Vertical Shift Up Moves graph up 6 units

f ( x )= √ x−6
5
Vertical Shift Down Moves graph down 6 units

Shrinks graph horizontally (steeper

f ( x )= √ 50 x
5
Horizontal Compression
curve)

Stretches graph horizontally (wider

f ( x )=
x
50√ 5
Horizontal Stretch
curve)
iii). Write the observation on the domain and ranges of these 4 transformations of functions.

Since the fifth root is defined for all real numbers, all transformed functions will also have

domain and range as follows:

Domain: R All Real numbers

Range: All Real Numbers

Note: All of these functions are odd, continuous, and pass through the origin (except for those

with vertical shifts).

Task 4. (a) What do you know about even function? According to you, how can Alex determine

if the given displacement function, displays an even function mathematically?

An even function satisfies the condition:

f (−x)=f (x )
This means its graph is symmetric with respect to the y-axis.

An odd function satisfies:

f (−x)=−f (x)

This means the graph is symmetric with respect to the origin.

3
10 t
To determine whether the function g(t )= 2 is even, odd, or neither, we check:
12 t +53

10 (−t )3
g (−t )= 2
12 (−t ) + 53

3
−10 t
( )
g −t = 2
=−g(t)
12 t +53

This shows that:

g(−t )=−g(t )

So g(t) is an odd function, because it satisfies the condition for odd symmetry.

So, Alex can determine the function is odd by either:

 Analytically checking g(−t)=−g(t)

 Graphically, by confirming that the function is symmetric about the origin.

(b) Explain graphically in detail how the graph below possesses even

symmetry or odd symmetry or neither.

Graph:

From the graph provided:

The function g(t) is an odd function.

Graphically, this means the function exhibits origin symmetry—if you

rotate the graph 180° around the origin, it looks the same.