Reference Words Exercises – מילות התייחסות
Reference words usually replace ( )מחליפותa noun. In most cases, they point
backwards to another word or an idea in the text.
הן מצביעות אחורה, ברוב המקרים.מילות התייחסות בדרך כלל מחליפות שם עצם
.על מילה או רעיון שהוזכרו בטקסט
Question:
What does the word (they) refer to?
The word (they) refers to ___________.
1. There is a lot of garbage in the seas because people often use the oceans as a
place where they get rid of garbage.
They: __________________
2. Jason Taylor is a British artist who creates underwater museums. The main goal of
his museums is to help protect the underwater environment.
His: ________________
3. The statues Taylor creates are in water that is only four meters deep. This makes it
easy for people to reach them. Taylor continues to create his unusual museums
around the world.
Them: _____________________
His: ____________________
4. Political leaders know how to take advantage of the power of laughter. They tell
jokes and use laughter to make their audience like them more. They know that
creating a relaxed and friendly atmosphere can help to convince people to support
them.
Them: ______________
They: _______________
Them: _______________
5. Doctors and researchers have also discovered the power of laughter. They have
learned that laughter can help people fight diseases. They discovered that laughter
reduces stress hormones in the body.
They: ___________________
6. Children who watched funny movies while getting the injections were much
calmer than those who didn't watch the movies.
Those: ________________
7. Psychologist William Knaus, who has written several self-help books on fighting
procrastination, agrees with Steel's claim that people who procrastinate tend to be
less healthy, less wealthy, and less happy. He said he found it harder to help chronic
procrastinators break their habit of delaying than to help alcoholics stop drinking.
He: _______________
Their: ______________
8. While many self-help books say perfectionists procrastinate because they do not
want to get things wrong, Steel found just the opposite. Perfectionists procrastinate
less and do better because they avoid delaying. However, they do worry more about
postponing tasks that need to be done, he said.
They: ________________
He: __________________
9. The proportion of boys studying science at school leaving age is still much higher
than girls, especially physics, where it's about 78%.
It's (It is): ______________
10. The scientists in films and on TV are usually men, and when female scientists do
make it onto TV, there is still often a focus on their looks, rather than their science.
Their: _________________
11. Research by the University of Cardiff analyzed 51 newspaper interviews with
scientists and found that half of the profiles of women referred to their looks.
Their: ______________
12. Another study showed that both male and female professors were more likely to
give the job to a male candidate than a female one, when given the same CV, with a
make or female name attached. They also planned to pay the male candidate more.
They: ________________
13. Women are still expected to take more responsibility over raising children than
men do, a fact that may affect their professional development.
Their: ________________
14. One day, we will live in a world where girls are encouraged to study science,
where women have adequate support to balance the responsibilities of research and
motherhood, and where scientists are judge purely on the merit of their discoveries
and the potential of their work to change the world.
Their: ________________
Their: ________________
15. Elephants are the “problem animal” here, so people make bio-fences by planting
sunflowers, a plant that elephants don’t like. They also use beehive fencing to stop
them. Wires connect the beehives and if an elephant touches them, the bees
become angry and attack the elephants.
Them: ________________
Them: ________________
16. Developed countries always fail to keep their promises to help countries most
affected by the climate crisis.
Their: ____________________
17. For many students in America, going away to college is a way to leave their
childhood homes and live among people their own age. However, they may be
surprised to find a community of older people living on their campuses. This is
because today there is a growing trend to build homes for retired people on college
campuses. Universities and colleges hope that young and old can enrich each other’s
lives. They are also doing this to get additional income.
They: _______________
They: ________________
18. There are many students who would be happy to have older people on campus,
especially if it means having to pay less for their studies and housing.
Their: ________________
19. There are ways to take back control of your attention. They don’t require
disconnecting completely from technology, but you do need some self-restraint and a
few well-timed alarms.
They: _______________
20. Advertisements, or ads, are part of our world. We see them in newspapers, on
buses and on huge signs on the roads.
Them: ___________
