Name: ________________________
Respiration
Class: ________________________
Date: ________________________
Time: 48 minutes
Marks: 48 marks
I need to improve:
Key terms:
Q1.
(a) (i) Complete the word equation for the process of aerobic respiration.
Glucose + ______________ → carbon dioxide + water
(1)
(ii) Which organ removes carbon dioxide from your body?
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) Use names from the box to complete the two spaces in the passage.
carbon dioxide lactic acid nitrogen oxygen
water
Anaerobic respiration can occur when an athlete does vigorous exercise.
This is because there is not enough ___________________________ in the body.
The product of anaerobic respiration is ________________________________ .
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q2.
Anaerobic respiration happens in muscle cells and yeast cells.
The equation describes anaerobic respiration in muscle cells.
glucose lactic acid
(a) How can you tell from the equation that this process is anaerobic?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) Exercise cannot be sustained when anaerobic respiration takes place in muscle
cells.
Explain why.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(c) The diagram below shows an experiment to investigate anaerobic respiration in
yeast cells.
What gas will bubble into Tube B?
Tick one box.
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Water vapour
(1)
(d) Describe how you could use tube B to measure the rate of the reaction in tube A.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(e) Anaerobic respiration in yeast is also called fermentation.
Fermentation produces ethanol.
Give one use of fermentation in the food industry.
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
Q3.
(a) Yeast cells can respire anaerobically.
The equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast is:
glucose alcohol + carbon dioxide (+ energy)
Give one way in which anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is different from
anaerobic respiration in human muscle cells.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) Yeast can use other types of sugar instead of glucose.
Some scientists investigated the effect of three different types of sugar on the rate of
anaerobic respiration in yeast.
The scientists:
• used the apparatus shown in Diagram 1 with glucose sugar
• kept the apparatus at 20 °C
• repeated the investigation with fructose sugar and then with mannose sugar
• repeated the investigation with water instead of the sugar solution.
Diagram 1
(i) Give two control variables the scientists used in this investigation.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(ii) The graph shows the scientists’ results.
Time in minutes
From this information, a company decided to use fructose to produce alcohol
and not mannose or glucose.
Explain the reason for the company’s choice.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Q4.
In an investigation four groups of athletes were studied. The maximum rate of oxygen
consumption for each athlete was measured and the mean for each group was calculated.
The athletes then ran 10 mile races and the mean of the best times was calculated for
each group. The results are shown in the table below.
(i) What is the relationship between maximum rate of oxygen consumption and time for
a 10 mile race?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) Suggest an explanation for this relationship.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 4 marks)
Q5.
A student‘s breathing was monitored before and after vigorous exercise. The student
breathed in and out through a special apparatus. The graphs show the changes in the
volume of air inside the apparatus. Each time the student breathed in, the line on the
graph dropped. Each time the student breathed out, the line went up.
(a) How many times did the student breathe in per minute:
before exercise; _____________________________________________________
after exercise? ______________________________________________________
(1)
(b) On each graph, the line A – B shows how much oxygen was used. The rate of
oxygen use before exercise was 0.5 dm3 per minute. Calculate the rate of oxygen
use after exercise.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Rate of oxygen use after exercise = ________________________ dm3 per minute
(2)
(c) The breathing rate and the amount of oxygen used were still higher after exercise,
even though the student sat down to rest. Why were they still higher?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 7 marks)
Q6.
A student ran on a treadmill for 5 minutes.
The speed of the treadmill was set at 12 km per hour.
The graph below shows the effect of the run on the student’s heart rate.
(a) (i) What was the student’s heart rate at rest?
_______________ beats per minute
(1)
(ii) After the end of the run, how long did it take for the student’s heart rate
to return to the resting heart rate?
_______________ minutes
(1)
(b) During the run, the student’s muscles needed larger amounts of some substances
than they needed at rest.
(i) Which two of the following substances were needed in larger amounts
during the run?
Tick ( ) two boxes.
carbon
dioxide
glucose
lactic acid
oxygen
protein
(2)
(ii) Why are the two substances you chose in part (b)(i) needed in larger
amounts during the run?
Tick ( ) one box.
To help make more muscle fibres
To release more energy
To help the muscles to cool down
(1)
(c) After exercise, a fit person recovers faster than an unfit person.
Let the student’s heart rate at the end of exercise = a.
Let the student’s heart rate after 2 minutes of recovery = b.
The table below shows how the difference between a and b, (a − b), is related to a
person’s level of fitness.
(a − b) Level of fitness
< 22 Unfit
22 to 52 Normal fitness
53 to 58 Fit
59 to 65 Very fit
> 65 Top athlete
What is the student’s level of fitness?
Use information from the graph and the table.
a = _______________ beats per minute
b = _______________ beats per minute
(a − b) = _______________ beats per minute
Level of fitness = __________________________________
(3)
(d) The student repeated the run with the treadmill set at 16 km per hour.
The student’s heart rate took 3 minutes longer to return to the normal resting rate
than when running at 12 km per hour.
Give reasons why it took longer to recover after running faster.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 12 marks)
Q7.
An athlete ran as fast as he could until he was exhausted.
(a) Figure 1 shows the concentrations of glucose and of lactic acid in the athlete’s
blood at the start and at the end of the run.
(i) Lactic acid is made during anaerobic respiration.
What does anaerobic mean?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) Give evidence from Figure 1 that the athlete respired anaerobically during the
run.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) Figure 2 shows the effect of running on the rate of blood flow through the athlete’s
muscles.
(i) For how many minutes did the athlete run?
Time = ______________________ minutes
(1)
(ii) Describe what happens to the rate of blood flow through the athlete’s muscles
during the run.
Use data from Figure 2 in your answer.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(iii) Explain how the change in blood flow to the athlete’s muscles helps him to
run.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(4)
(Total 9 marks)
