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Select Command

The document outlines various SQL commands and operators used for querying databases, including the BETWEEN, IN, IS NULL, LIKE, DISTINCT, and ORDER BY clauses. It provides examples of how to use these commands to filter and display student data based on specific conditions. Additionally, it explains the use of aggregate functions to perform calculations on data sets.

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18 views6 pages

Select Command

The document outlines various SQL commands and operators used for querying databases, including the BETWEEN, IN, IS NULL, LIKE, DISTINCT, and ORDER BY clauses. It provides examples of how to use these commands to filter and display student data based on specific conditions. Additionally, it explains the use of aggregate functions to perform calculations on data sets.

Uploaded by

pandeyurja777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SELECT COMMAND

1-Simple display
2-Conditional display
3-Between operator
4-In Operator
5-IS NULL Operator
6-Like Operator
7-Logical operator(and , or, not)
8-Distinct operator, Aggregate functions
9-Order by Cause
10- Group by clause
Between Operator: It is used to specify range in the condition.
Ques: Display details of all students who scored between 70-90
Ans:
FROM STUDENT WHERE MARKS BETWEEN 70 AND 90;
or

SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE MARKS>=70 AND MARKS<=90;

IN Operator: It is used to specify list of values in the condition.


Ques: Display details of all the students of Class 7,9and 11.
Ques: Display details of all students of Del, Kan and Agra.

IS NULL Operator: It is used to check the absence of


values.
Ques: Display details of all the students whose city is not
known.
Ques: Display details of all the students whose marks is not
known.

Logical operator(not): It is used to reverse the condition.


Ques: Display details of all students whose marks are not
known.
Ques: Display details of all students whose city is known.

Like Operator- It is used for pattern matching and makes


use of two characters:
1) _(Underscore): Single character, any character
2) %(Mod): Zero or more character, any character.
Example:
1) S_N: SIN, SON, SUN, SKY, SOON, SEEN
2) S_ _ N: SIN, SINK, SEEN, SOON,SING, SPIN
3) S%N: SIN, SOOON, SPIN,SING, SIGN, SPOON, SPLEEN,

SUN,SON
Ques: Display details of all students whose name begin
with letter S.
Ans: SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE NAME LIKE 'S%';
Ques: Display details of all students whose name ends
with letter N.

DISTINCT OPERATOR: It is used to filter out the duplicate


values from the specified field.
Aggregate Functions: These are predefined functions operates
on multiple rows/values.
Ex: Count(), Min(), Max(), Sum(), Avg().
Ques: Display total no. of students in the table.
Ques: Display total no. of students in class 11;
Sol: Select count(*) from student where class=11;
Ques: Display total no of students whose marks are not
known.
Sol: Select count(*) from student where marks is null;

ORDER BY CLAUSE: This clause is used with select command to


arrange the details in ascending or descending order. The
default order is ascending, to change the order DESC keyword
is used.

Syntax:
SELECT <fields> FROM <Table> [WHERE] [ORDER BY] [GROUP BY];
Note: elements specified in <> brackets are compulsory to specify,
whereas elements in [] are optional.
Ascending Order.

Descending Order
Ques: Display details in alphabetical order of name.
Ques: Display details in reverse alphabetical order of name.
Ques: Display details of class 11 students in descending order of
marks.
Sol: SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS=11 ORDER BY MARKS
DESC;

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