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Collections Class

The Collections class in Java, part of the java.util package, provides static utility methods for manipulating collections like List, Set, and Map. It includes common operations such as sorting, searching, reversing, and synchronization, along with methods for creating unmodifiable collections. Key points include that most methods modify the original collection and that many require mutable and non-null collections.

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8 views3 pages

Collections Class

The Collections class in Java, part of the java.util package, provides static utility methods for manipulating collections like List, Set, and Map. It includes common operations such as sorting, searching, reversing, and synchronization, along with methods for creating unmodifiable collections. Key points include that most methods modify the original collection and that many require mutable and non-null collections.

Uploaded by

Blue Red
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Collections class in Java is a part of the java.

util package and provides


static utility methods for operating on or returning collections such as List, Set,
and Map. This is different from the Collection interface, which is a root interface
in the Java Collection Framework.

✅ Overview of Collections Class:


Package: java.util

Type: Utility class (like Arrays class for arrays)

Contains: Static methods to operate on collections

Common Operations: Sorting, searching, reversing, shuffling, synchronization, etc.

🔧 Commonly Used Methods in Collections Class


1. Sorting
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Collections.sort(list); // Sorts in natural order
Collections.sort(list, comparator); // Custom sorting using Comparator
2. Searching
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Collections.binarySearch(list, key); // List must be sorted
3. Reversing
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Collections.reverse(list);
4. Shuffling
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Collections.shuffle(list); // Randomly permutes list elements
5. Swapping
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Collections.swap(list, i, j); // Swap two elements
6. Filling
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Collections.fill(list, value); // Replaces all elements with value
7. Copying
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Collections.copy(destList, srcList); // Copies elements (dest must be >= src
size)
8. Finding Min/Max
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Collections.min(list); // Based on natural order
Collections.max(list, comparator); // With Comparator
9. Replacing All Elements
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Collections.replaceAll(list, oldVal, newVal);
10. Frequency Count
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Collections.frequency(list, element); // Returns count of element in list
🔐 Synchronization Methods
These make collections thread-safe:

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Collections.synchronizedList(list);
Collections.synchronizedSet(set);
Collections.synchronizedMap(map);
🪞 Unmodifiable Collections
Used to create read-only views:

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Collections.unmodifiableList(list);
Collections.unmodifiableSet(set);
Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);
🧪 Example Program
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import java.util.*;

public class CollectionsDemo {


public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> fruits = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("Banana", "Apple",
"Mango", "Orange"));

Collections.sort(fruits); // Sorting
System.out.println("Sorted: " + fruits);

Collections.reverse(fruits); // Reverse
System.out.println("Reversed: " + fruits);

Collections.shuffle(fruits); // Shuffle
System.out.println("Shuffled: " + fruits);

String maxFruit = Collections.max(fruits);


System.out.println("Max: " + maxFruit);

int freq = Collections.frequency(fruits, "Apple");


System.out.println("Frequency of Apple: " + freq);
}
}
📌 Key Points
Collections methods work mostly with List, Set, and Map.

Most methods modify the original collection.


Collections.sort() uses TimSort (dual-pivot quicksort).

Collections.unmodifiableXXX() is useful for security and encapsulation.

Many methods require collections to be mutable and non-null.

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