Chapter-1-Python Series

1. Consider following Series object namely S:

0 0.430271

1 0.617328

2 -0.265421

3 -0.836113

What will be returned by following statements –

(a) S * 100 (b) S > 0 (c) S1 = pd.Series(S) (d) S3 = pd.Series(S1)+3

What will be the value of Series object S1 and S3 created above?

Ans : (a) S * 100

0 43.0271

1 61.7328

2 -26.5421

3 -83.6113

(b) S > 0

0 True

1 True

2 False

3 False
1
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(c) S1 = pd.Series(S)
 >> Create a same series

0 0.430271

1 0.617328

2 -0.265421

3 -0.836113

(d) S3 = pd.Series(S1) + 3

It will create a new series with value s1+3

0 3.430271

1 3.617328

2 2.734579

3 2.163887

2. Consider the same Series object, S given in the previous question. What
output will be produced by following code fragment?

S.index = [‘AMZN’, ‘AAPL’, ‘MSFT’, ‘GOOG’]

print(S)

print(S[‘AMZN’])

S[‘AMZN’] = 1.5

print(S[‘AMZN’])

print(S)

Ans: Output produced

print(S)

AMZN 0.430271

AAPL 0.617328

MSFT -0.265421
2
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GOOG -0.836113
 print(S[‘AMZN’] => 0.430271

print(S[‘AMZN’] => 1.5

print(S)

AMZN 1.5

AAPL 0.617328

MSFT -0.265421

GOOG -0.836113

3. What will be the output produced by following code?

Stationary = [‘pencils’, ‘notebooks’, ‘scales’, ‘erasers’]

S = pd.Series([20, 33, 52, 10], index = Stationary)

S2 = pd.Series([17, 13, 31, 32], index=Stationary)

print(S + S2)

S = S + S2

print(S + S2)

Ans:

Stationary = [‘pencils’, ‘notebooks’, ‘scales’, ‘erasers’]

S = pd.Series([20, 33, 52, 10], index = Stationary)

S2 = pd.Series([17, 13, 31, 32], index=Stationary)

print(S + S2)

=>Output-1

pencils 37

notebooks 46
3

scales 83
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erasers 42

S = S + S2

print(S + S2)

=>Output-2

pencils 54

notebooks 59

scales 114

erasers 74

4. What will be the output produced by following code, considering the Series
object S given above?

(a) print( S[1:1] )

(b) print (S [0:1] )

(c) print(S[0:2])

(d) S[0:2] = 12

print(S)

(e) print(S.index)

(f) print(S.values)

Ans : Output

(a) Series([], dtype: float64) =>Empty Series

(b) 0 0.430271

(c) 0 0.430271

1 0.617328

(d) 0 12
4
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1 12
 2 -0.265421

3 -0.836113

(e) RangeIndex(start=0, stop=4, step=1)

(f) array([12, 12, -0.265421, -0.836113], dtype=float64)

5. Find the error in following code fragment:

(a) S2 = pd.Series( [101, 102, 102, 104] )

print(S2.index)

S2.index = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

S2[5] = 250

print(S2)

(b) S = pd.Series(2,3,4,5, index=range(4))

(c) S1 = pd.Series(1,2,3,4, index = range(7))

(d) S2 = pd.Series([1,2,3,4], index = range(4) )

Ans:

(a) S2.index => invalid number of indices are given.

S2[5] => index error

(b) S = pd.Series([2,3,4,5], index=range(4))

=> Data must be in the form of sequence

(c) S1 = pd.Series([1,2,3,4], index = range(4))

=> Data must be a sequence,

=> range(n) , where n must be equal to number of data

(d) NO ERROR
5

6. Find the error:

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data = np.array([‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’ ]

s = pd.Series(data, index = [100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105])

print(s [102, 103, 104] )

can you correct the error?

Ans: data = np.array([‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’, ‘f’ ] ) => missing of ‘)’

print(s[102, 103, 104])

=> KeyError, writimpoie indices inside the double square brackets

Correct Statemet: print(s[[102, 103, 104]])

7. Why does following code cause error?

S1 = pd.Series(range(1,15, 3), index = list(‘abcd’))

Ans :

S1 = pd.Series(range(1,15, 3), index = list(‘abcd’))

Mismatch of number of values and indices, values are 5 but indices are 4 only.

8. Why does following code cause error?

S1 = pd.Series(range(1,15, 3), index = list(‘abcde’))

print( S1[ ‘ab’ ] )

Ans:

print( S1[ ‘ab’ ] )

KeyError -> ‘ab’ index is not available

9. If Ser is a Series type object having 30 values, then how are statements (a),
(b) and (c), (d) similar and different.

(a) print(Ser.head( ))

(b) print( Ser.head(8) )

(c) print( Ser.tail( ) )

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(d) print( Ser.tail(11))

Ans:

(a) print(Ser.head( ))

(b) print( Ser.head(8) )

(c) print( Ser.tail( ) )

(d) print( Ser.tail(11))

Similarities => head( ) print top rows, while tail() print bottom rows

Difference=> haed( ) and tail() print only 5 top or bottom rows respectively
head(n) and tail(n) prints ‘n’ top rows or bottom rows respectively

10. What advantages does DataFrame offer over Series data structure? If you
have similar data stored in multiple series and a single dataframe, which one
would you prefer and why?

Ans: Advantages of DataFrame over the Series are –

1. DataFrame is a two dimensional data structure while Series is a one

dimensional data structure.
2. DataFrame allows to store the information just like MySQL table i.e.
collection of rows and columns, while Series store one tuple (row/record)
information.
3. DataFrame is Value as well as Size Mutable while Series is only value
Mutable.
4. DataFrame allows to store heterogeneous data while Series allows to store
homogeneous data.

If we have to store the similar data in Multiple Series and DataFrame, I prefer
DataFrame, because

1. DataFrame provide multiple functionality in comparison to Series.

2. We can easily do export import from DataFrame.
3. We can extract individual rows or columns as Series from the DataFrame.

11. Given :

import pandas as pd

d = { ‘one’ : pd. Series([1., 2. , 3. ], index = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’]),

‘two’ : pd. Series([1., 2. , 3., 4. ], index = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’] ) }

7

df = pd.DataFrame(d)
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df1 = pd.DataFrame ( d, index = [‘d’, ‘b’, ‘a’ ] )

df2 = pd.DataFrame (d, index=[ ‘d’, ‘a’] , columns = [ ‘two’ , ‘three’ ] )

print(df)

print(df1)

print(df2)

What will Python show the result as if you execute above code?

Ans: Output of print(df)

one two

a 1.0 1.0

b 2.0 2.0

c 3.0 3.0

d NaN 4.0

Output of print(df1)

one two

d NaN 4.0

b 2.0 2.0

a 1.0 1.0

Output of print(d2)

two three

d 4.0 NaN

a 1.0 NaN

12. From the dataframes created in previous question, write code to

(a) display only column ‘a’ from dataframes df, dfl, and df2.

(b) display only rows 0 and 1 from dataframes df, dfl, and df2.
8
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(c) display only column ‘a’ and ‘b’ for rows 1 and 2 from dataframes df, dfl and
df2.

(d) add an empty column ‘x’ to all dataframes

Answer: (a) display only column ‘a’ from dataframes df, dfl, and df2.

Note : There is no column named ‘a’ in dataframes df, df1 and df2. If we have to
access row ‘a’ then

>>> df[‘a’]

>>> df1[‘a’]

>>> df2[0:1]

Answer: (b) display only rows 0 and 1 from dataframes df, dfl, and df2.

>>> df[0:2]

>>> df1.iloc[0:2] # df1[0:2]

>>> df2.iloc[0:2] or df2[0:2]

Questions 13 and 14 make use of this dictionary:

my_di = {“name” . [“Jiya” “Tim”, “Rohan”]’ “

“age” : np.array( 15, 20]),

“weight” : (75,123,239),

“height” : [4.5, 5, 6.1],

“siblings” : 1, “gender” : “M” }

13. Predict the output of following code (it uses above given dictionary my_di)

df = pd.DataFrame(my_di)

print(df)

Ans:

name age weight height siblings gender

9

0 Jiya 10 75 4.5 1 M
Page
1 Tim 15 123 5.0 1 M

2 Rohan 20 239 6.1 1 M

14. Consider the same dictionary my_di in the previous question, what will be
the output produced by following code ?

df2 = pd.DataFrame(my_di, index = my_di [“name”] )

print(df2)

Ans:

name age weight height siblings gender

Jiya Jiya 10 75 4.5 1 M

Tim Tim 15 123 5.0 1 M

Rohan Rohan 20 239 6.1 1 M

Using the df2 created in Question 14, answer the outputs of questions (15 to 19)
given below.

15. Assume that required libraries (panda and numpy) are imported and
dataframe df2 has been created as per questions 13 and 14 above. Predict the
output of following code fragment

print( df2[ “weight”] )

print( df2.weight[ ‘Tim’ ] )

Ans:

Output of : print( df2[ “weight”] )

Jiya 75

Tim 123

Rohan 239

Name: weight, dtype: int64

Output of : print(df2.weight[‘Tim’])
10

123
Page
16. Assume that required libraries (panda and numpy) are imported and
dataframe df2 has been created as per questions 13 and 14 above. Predict the
output of following code fragment:

df2[“IQ”] = [130, 105, 115]

df2[“Married”] = False

print ( df2 )

Ans:

df2[“IQ”] = [130, 105, 115]

# Add a New Column “IQ” with different value for each row

df2[“Married”] = False

# Add a New Column “Married” with one value False

print ( df2 )

Output:

name age weight height siblings gender IQ Married

Jiya Jiya 10 75 4.5 1 M 130 False

Tim Tim 15 123 5.0 1 M 105 False

Rohan Rohan 20 239 6.1 1 M 115 False

1. Assume that required libraries (panda and numpy) are imported and
dataframe df2 has been created as per questions 13 and 14 above.
Predict the output produced by following code fragment:

df2[“College”] = pd.Series([“IIT”], index=[“Rohan”] )

print ( df2 )

name age weight height siblings gender IQ Married College

Jiya Jiya 10 75 4.5 1 M 130 False NaN

Tim Tim 15 123 5.0 1 M 105 False NaN

11

Rohan Rohan 20 239 6.1 1 M 115 False IIT

Page
18. Assume that required libraries (panda and numpy) are imported and
dataframe df2 has been created as per questions 13 and 14 above. Predict the
output produced by following code fragment

print(df2.loc[“Jiya”]) #(a)

print(df2.loc[“Jiya”,”IQ”]) #(b)

print(df2.loc[“Jiya”:”Tim”, “IQ”:”College”]) #(c)

print(df2.iloc[0]) #(d)

print(df2.iloc[0,5]) #(e)

print(df2.iloc[0:2, 5:8]) #(f)

Ans:

#(a) print(df2.loc[“Jiya”])

name Jiya

age 10

weight 75

height 4.5

siblings 1

gender M

IQ 130

Married False

College NaN

Name: Jiya, dtype: object

#(b) print(df2.loc[“Jiya”,”IQ”])

130

#(c) print(df2.loc[“Jiya”:”Tim”, “IQ”:”College”])

12

IQ Married College
Page
Jiya 130 False NaN

Tim 105 False NaN

#(d) print(df2.iloc[0])

name Jiya

age 10

weight 75

height 4.5

siblings 1

gender M

IQ 130

Married False

College NaN

Name: Jiya, dtype: object

#(e) print(df2.iloc[0,5])

#(f) print(df2.iloc[0:2, 5:8])

gender IQ Married

Jiya M 130 False

Tim M 105 False

19. What is the output of the following code ?

d = {‘col1’:[1,4,3], ‘col2’:[6,7,8], ‘col3’:[9,0,1]}

df = pd.DataFrame(d)

print( “Original DataFrame”)

13

print(df)
Page
print( “New DataFrame :”)

dfn = df.drop(df. index[ [1,2]])

print(dfn)

Answer : Output

Original DataFrame

col1 col2 col3

0 1 6 9

1 4 7 0

2 3 8 1

New DataFrame

col1 col2 col3

0 1 6 9

20. What is the output of the following code?

data = {‘age’ : [20, 23, 22], ‘name’ : [‘Ruhi’, ‘All’, ‘Sam’] }

df1 = pd.DataFrame(data, index=[1, 2, 3])

print( ” Before” )

print(df1)

df1[ ‘Edu’] = [ ‘BA’, ‘BE’, ‘MBA’]

print( ‘After’)

print(df1)

Answer: Output

Before

age name

1 20 Ruhi
14
Page

2 23 All
3 22 Sam

After

age name Edu

1 20 Ruhi BA

2 23 All BE

3 22 Sam MBA

21. Write a program in Python Pandas to create the following DataFrame

batsman from a Dictionary:

B_No Name Score1 Score2

1 Sunil Pillai 90 80

2 Gaurav Sharma 65 45

3 Piyush Goel 70 90

4 Kartik Thakur 80 76

Perform the following operations on the DataFrame: [CBSE Sample

Paper 20-21]

(i) Add both the scores of a batsman and assign to column “Total”

(ii) Display the highest score in both Score1 and Score2 of the DataFrame.

(iii) Display the DataFrame.

Ans : (i) batsman[“Total”] = batsman[“Score1”] + batsman[“Score2”]

Or
15

batsman.loc[:,”Total”] = batsman[“Score1”] + batsman[“Score2”]

Page
(ii) print(batsman[‘Score1’].max())

print(batsman[‘Score2’].max())

(iii) print(batsman)

22. Consider the following dataframe, and answer the questions given below:

import pandas as pd [CBSE Sample Paper 19-20]

df = pd.DataFrame({ “Quarter1” : [2000, 4000, 5000, 4400, 10000],

“Quarter2” : [5800, 2500, 5400, 3000, 2900],

“Quarter3” : [20000, 1600,,7000, 3600, 8200],

“Quarter4” : [1400, 3700, 1700, 2000, 6000]} )

(i) Write the code to find mean value from above DataFrame df over the index and
column axis.

(ii) Use sum() function to find the sum of all the values over the index axis.

Ans: (i) df.mean()

or

df.mean(axis=’index’)

or

df.mean(axis=0)

Output:

Quarter1 5080.0

Quarter2 3920.0

Quarter3 8080.0

Quarter4 2960.0

dtype: float64

df.mean(axis=’columns’) or df.mean(axis = 1)
16
Page

0 7300.0
1 2950.0

2 4775.0

3 3250.0

4 6775.0

dtype: float64

(ii) df.sum(axis=’index’) or df.sum()

Output:

Quarter1 25400

Quarter2 19600

Quarter3 40400

Quarter4 14800

dtype: int64

23. Write the use of rename(mapper = <dict-like>, axis=1) method for a

Pandas Dataframe. Can the mapper and columns parameter be used together
in a rename() method? [CBSE D 2020C ]

Ans: rename(mapper=<dict-like>, axis = 1) is use to change the columns labels

of DataFrame. For example –

>>> df

Quarter1 Quarter2 Quarter3 Quarter4

0 2000 5800 20000 1400

1 4000 2500 1600 3700

2 5000 5400 7000 1700

3 4400 3000 3600 2000

4 10000 2900 8200 6000

>>> df.rename(mapper={‘Quarter1′:’Qtr1’, ‘Quarter2′:’Qtr2’,

17

‘Quarter3′:’Qtr3′,’Quarter4′:’Qtr4’}, axis=1)
Page
 Quarter1 Quarter2 Quarter3 Quarter4

0 2000 5800 20000 1400

1 4000 2500 1600 3700

2 5000 5400 7000 1700

3 4400 3000 3600 2000

4 10000 2900 8200 6000

No, We can’t use the mapper and columns parameter together in a rename()
method. It will raise an error message:

TypeError: Cannot specify both ‘mapper’ and any of ‘index’ or ‘columns’

24. Find the error in the following code? Suggest the solution.

>>> topDf

Rollno Name Marks

Sec A 115 Pavni 97.5

Sec B 236 Rishi 98.0

Sec C 307 Preet 98.5

Sec D 422 Paula 98.0

>>> topDf.del[‘Sec D’]

Ans: SyntaxError: invalid syntax, del is not an attribute of DataFrame. del is a

statement which is use to delete columns not a row. ‘Sec D’ is an index, it is not a
column index. The valid Syntax of del is

del topDF[‘ColumnName’]

25. Find the error in the following code considering the same dataframe topDf
given in previous

(a) topDf.rename(index=[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’])

(b) topDf.rename(columns={})
18

Ans :
Page
(a) rename() method need a name-dictionary value for index and columns
arguments. In this statement value is given as list, that is wrong. We can write it in
this way –

topDf.rename(index={‘Sec A’:’a’, ‘Sec B’:’b’, ‘Sec C’:’c’, ‘Sec D’:’d’})

Rollno Name Marks

a 115 Pavni 97.5

b 236 Rishi 98.0

c 307 Preet 98.5

d 422 Paula 98.0

(b) topDf.rename(columns = { }) : There is no error , but logically it is wrong.

Inside the { } braces we have to write the name dictionary. This statement just give
the DataFrame as output without any change.

Rollno Name Marks

Sec A 115 Pavni 97.5

Sec B 236 Rishi 98.0

Sec C 307 Preet 98.5

Sec D 422 Paula 98.0

Class 12 Informatics Practices [065] – Sumita Arora

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