AN OVERVIEW (part 1)
Definition
Job descriptions
Classification
QUESTION
What is Translation? What is Interpreting?
How are these two professions different from each
other?
DEFINITION
Translation Interpreting
text message delivery from L1 to L2 oral message delivery from L1 to L2
bridge barriers in international
help understanding of target readers
communication
background knowledge indispensable background knowledge indispensable
original tone/intention worth
language simplification acceptable
attention
form replaced/ meaning preserved questions for clarification possible
QUESTION
What tasks are involved in a Translator’s job? In an
Interpreter’s job?
What tasks are involved in a Translator’s job? In an
Interpreter’s job?
JOB DESCRIPTIONS
TRANSLATOR
studies written spends time produces the most
is usually held to
material in L1 researching accurate and
a higher standard is more like a
and reproduces it backgrounds, readable
of accuracy and writer.
in written form in materials and translation
completeness.
L2. dictionaries. possible.
INTERPRETER
conveys the
listens to a
gets the gist of the essence of the
spoken message cannot let the is more like an
message on the message
in L1 and renders audience wait. actor or a speaker.
spot. immediately and
it orally in L2.
satisfactorily.
Characteristics
• Work in groups.
• Have a quick discussion, then complete a table to
compare the 3 occupations in terms of similarities
and differences.
• Post your group’s table on our padlet
• https://padlet.com/thaobtph/LTD03
Characteristics
(ANY
INTERPRETER TRANSLATOR
PROFESSION)
Characteristic 1
Characteristic 2
Characteristic 3
Characteristic 4
Characteristic 5
QUESTION
- In groups, discuss the following question:
How innovative is Translation/Interpreting now, compared to how it used
to be?
https://padlet.com/thaobtph/LTD02
Innovative Elements of
Translation/ Interpretation
1. Emphasis on the readership and the setting.
2. Expansion of topics beyond the religious, the literary and the
scientific to technology, trade, current events, publicity, propaganda,
in fact to virtually every topics.
3. Increase in variety of text formats, from books (including plays
and poems) to articles, papers, contracts, treaties, laws, notices,
instructions, advertisements, publicity, recipes, letters, reports,
business forms, documents, etc.
Innovative Elements of
Translation/ Interpretation
4. Standardization of terminology.
5. The formation of translator teams and the recognition of the
reviser's role.
6. The impact of linguistics, sociolinguistics and translation theory.
GROUP MINI PRESENTATION
Work in groups in 10 minutes.
Pick one innovative aspect and prepare some main
points to elaborate:
Prepare your presentation on GG slides or canva
Share on our padlet
Wait for call to present
QUESTION
Do you need a certificate to work as a translator/ an
interpreter?
If yes, where can you apply for the test?
If no, how can you prove that you are qualified?
Qualifications
CERTIFICATION
Accredit Establish
candidates standards
Implement
system of
registration
/ licensing
NAATI (National Accreditation Authority
for Translators and Interpreters
NAATI CERTIFICATION
Level 2:
Level 1: Level 3:
PARA-
LANGUAGE AID INTERPRETER
PROFESSIONAL
Level 5:
Level 4:
SENIOR
CONFERENCE
CONFERENCE
INTERPRETER
INTERPRETER
NAATI CERTIFICATION
Cultural + Sight Monolog Dialog Consecutive
Ethics of
Social Translating Interpreting Interpreting Interpreting
Profession
Aspects Test Test Test Test
Notes:
- Level 3 and relevant degrees are mandatory before taking Level 4.
- Level 4 and 5 year work experience/ full-time employment are mandatory before taking
Level 5.
CLASSIFICATION
INTERPRETING
Consecutive Simultaneous Sight
Interpreting Interpreting Interpreting
CLASSIFICATION
TRANSLATION
Orientation Approach
Source text Target text Semantic Communicative
oriented oriented Translation Translation
A LITTLE CHALLENGE
Pick 1 sentence that impresses you most.
A LITTLE CHALLENGE
Work in groups
and fill in the
blanks with
appropriate
phrases given
a. Translation is the process of conveying
messages across linguistic and ...............
b. Translation is the replacement of textual
material in one language
(.................................) by equivalent
source language,
textual material in another language
cultural barriers, (.................................)
communicate interculturally,
target language, c. Translation is ................................ the
rendering, meaning of a text into another language in
the way that the author intended the text.
oral transfer,
message receiver d. Interpreting is the ...................................
of messages between speakers of different
languages.
e. To interpret is to .................................
with the message sender and the
....................................... whose languages
and cultures are unknown to each other.
Work in groups and discuss this
statement. Find evidence to support your
viewpoint.
Translation is a combination of science, art, and skill.
A demand complete knowledge of the
SCIENCE structure and make-up of the two
languages
Translation is a AN ART reconstruct the original text into product
combination of that is presentable to the reader who is not
supposed to be familiar with the original.
science, art, and
skill.
A SKILL smooth over any difficulty in the
translation
provide the translation of something that
has no equal in the target language.
AN OVERVIEW (part 2)
Codes of Ethics
Translation Quality
Barriers and Difficulties
ETHICS OF
TRANSLATORS
AND
INTERPRETERS
36
ETHICS
Do you see a
distinction between
Interpreter ethics and
Translators? Translator ethics?
Interpreters?
Do you see a distinction
between Interpreter ethics and
Translator ethics? Or do you
believe the same general
principles apply?
CODES OF ETHICS
Confi- Accura
den- -cy
tiality
Impartia-
lity
39
Code of Ethics 1: Accuracy & Completeness
TRANSLATOR INTERPRETER
• accurately conveys • accurately conveys
✓overall content and spirit ✓overall content and spirit of the
✓register, style and tone of L1 message
✓borrowed words, culturally-bound ✓register, style and tone of L1
words and references (with the help ✓all hedges, false starts and
of explanation/ example) repetitions
✓borrowed words, culturally-bound
words references
• asks for clarification/ repetition/
rephrasing
• simplifies
• summarizes
Code of Ethics 2: Confidentiality
Do not disclose the
client’s materials
• do not express subjective
In team, opinion
• maintain boundaries
When can translator/interpreter answer questions involving the
session/meeting content?
Code of Ethics 3: Impartiality
NO • No influence on the
MANIPULATION process and the product.
NO • No personal biases →
INTERFERENCE accurate rendition.
MAINTAINING
ROLE • No delay.
CODES OF ETHICS
Legal-bound
contexts (politics, Cross-linguistic
court) messages
Confi- Accura
den- -cy
tiality Cross-
Exceptions
cultural
(health concerns)
messages
Impartia-
Relationships lity Rendition of
with SL
stakeholders 43
service
users
providers
DUTY List the codes
of ethics that
USERS are
expected to
ETHICS follow.
ETHICS OF SERVICE USERS
ETHICS
QUIZ 46
Q1. To truly and faithfully conserve the tone,
spirit and meaning of the source language
message.
Confidentiality
Impartiality
Professionalism
Accuracy
Q2. To not discuss nor record any information
obtained through their assignments in which they
are or have been engaged.
Professionalism
Confidentiality
Accuracy
Impartiality
48
Q3. To ask for clarification of any concept
and/or meaning also to be able to notify the
parties if an interpreter has any reservations
about their competency in any assignment
Impartiality
Professionalism
Accuracy
Confidentiality
Q4. To be punctual, prepared and dressed in a
manner that is appropriate also to compromise
to their training and continuing education.
A. Professionalism
B. Confidentiality
C. Accuracy
D. Impartiality
SO
What exactly is
“Professionalism”?
- Analyze the cases
GROUP - Answer the discussion
PRESEN- questions
TATION 1 - Add examples where
needed
