1.
Paraphrase
a) Given/presented/provided/showed/reported
b) Line/bar/pie
c) Chart/graph
d) Show/elucidate/reveal/illustrate/describe/highlight/explain/report/depict
Example:
The given pie charts show the information about [WHAT, WHEN, WHERE,
MEASUREMENT]
2. Describing Time
· From (time 1) to (time 2)
· Between (time 1) and (time 2)
· During the period (time 1) to (time 2)
· During (month or year)
· In (month or year)
· On (day)
· On (date)
· At (time: hours/minutes)
3. Overview
● Mention 3 points: exception, the highest and the lowest one/ changes.
● Gunakan 1 compound/complex sentence untuk mendeskripsikan 3 poin tersebut.
● Tidak boleh ada data / number detail di overview
● Hanya mention general trend
Phrases to start your overview:
1. As it is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table...
2. As (it is) shown in the illustration...
3. As can be seen in the...
4. As the diagrams suggest...
5. According to the...
6. Categorically speaking...
7. Getting back to the details...
8. Now, turning to the details...
9. The table data clearly shows that...
10.The diagram reveals that...
11.The data suggest that...
12.The graph gives the figure...
13.It is interesting to note that...
14.It is apparently seen that...
15.It is conspicuous that...
16.It is explicitly observed that...
17.It is obvious...
18.It is clear from the data...
4. 3 COMMON PATTERNS TO
DESCRIBE CHANGES
a) There + be + adjective + noun + in + noun (topic)
There was a gradual rise in the number of arrests
b) Noun (topic) + verb + adverb
The number of arrests rose gradually in 1952
c) Time + see/experience/witness +adjective + noun + in + noun (topic)
1952 saw a gradual rise in the number of arrests
EXAMPLE:
1. There was a steady rise in the consumption of oil in 2008
2. The consumption of oil rose steadily in 2008
3. 2008 saw a steady rise in the consumption of oil
EXERCISE:
1. Milk consumption fell sharply during June and July. (b)
A.
2. There was a slight dip in food prices at the start of the year. (a)
3. In January, weather conditions improved significantly.
4. There will be a sudden increase in the birth rate next year.
5. The use of public transport grew steadily in most cities from 2001 to 2008.
6. March experienced a fluctuation in the number of people going abroad.
5. General expression
· Respectively, serially, successfully, severally
· Finally, eventually, ultimately, in the end, at last, lastly
· Consequently, eventually, to finish the period at
· Over the time frame
· With the exception of, though unlike
· Predominantly, mainly, mostly
· Particularly, notably, chiefly, principally
· Especially, particularly, in particular, specifically, specially, notably
· Peculiarly, extra, singularly
· Partake, account
6. ROUNDING NUMERICAL
EXPRESSION
· Almost, roughly, nearly, approximately, around, about.
· Well below/under, well above/over, just below/under, just over/above.
· A little/ slightly more than, a little/ slightly less than.
