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SQL Cheat Sheet

This document is a SQL cheat sheet for beginners, covering basic commands such as SELECT, WHERE, and JOINs. It includes examples of filtering, sorting, grouping, and table operations like creating, inserting, updating, and deleting records. Additionally, it highlights useful clauses like DISTINCT and ALIAS.

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Komarneni Pramodd
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16 views2 pages

SQL Cheat Sheet

This document is a SQL cheat sheet for beginners, covering basic commands such as SELECT, WHERE, and JOINs. It includes examples of filtering, sorting, grouping, and table operations like creating, inserting, updating, and deleting records. Additionally, it highlights useful clauses like DISTINCT and ALIAS.

Uploaded by

Komarneni Pramodd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Cheat Sheet for Beginners

1. Basic SQL Commands


-- Select all records
SELECT * FROM table_name;

-- Select specific columns


SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name;

-- Filtering records
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE condition;

-- Sorting results
SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name ASC|DESC;

-- Limiting results
SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT 10;

2. Filtering with WHERE


-- Operators: =, <>, >, <, >=, <=
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE age > 30;

-- BETWEEN, IN, LIKE


SELECT * FROM products WHERE price BETWEEN 10 AND 50;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE country IN ('USA', 'UK');
SELECT * FROM books WHERE title LIKE 'Python%';

3. Joins
-- INNER JOIN
SELECT * FROM orders
INNER JOIN customers ON orders.customer_id = customers.id;

-- LEFT JOIN
SELECT * FROM employees
LEFT JOIN departments ON employees.dept_id = departments.id;

-- RIGHT JOIN
SELECT * FROM students
RIGHT JOIN courses ON students.course_id = courses.id;

4. Grouping and Aggregation


-- Aggregate functions: COUNT(), SUM(), AVG(), MAX(), MIN()
SELECT department, COUNT(*) FROM employees
GROUP BY department;

-- HAVING clause
SELECT department, AVG(salary) FROM employees
GROUP BY department
HAVING AVG(salary) > 50000;

5. Table Operations
-- Creating a table
CREATE TABLE users (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100),
email VARCHAR(100)
);

-- Inserting data
INSERT INTO users (id, name, email)
VALUES (1, 'Alice', 'alice@example.com');

-- Updating data
UPDATE users SET name = 'Bob' WHERE id = 1;

-- Deleting data
DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 1;

6. Other Useful Clauses


-- DISTINCT
SELECT DISTINCT country FROM customers;

-- ALIAS
SELECT name AS employee_name FROM employees;

-- IS NULL / IS NOT NULL


SELECT * FROM orders WHERE shipped_date IS NULL;

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