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Spring Interview Cheat Sheet

This document is a cheat sheet for Spring Boot and Spring Framework interview questions, covering basic, intermediate, and advanced topics. It includes definitions and explanations of key concepts such as Dependency Injection, Spring Boot auto-configuration, and database connectivity. The cheat sheet serves as a quick reference for candidates preparing for interviews in this domain.

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PAVITHRA S
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12 views2 pages

Spring Interview Cheat Sheet

This document is a cheat sheet for Spring Boot and Spring Framework interview questions, covering basic, intermediate, and advanced topics. It includes definitions and explanations of key concepts such as Dependency Injection, Spring Boot auto-configuration, and database connectivity. The cheat sheet serves as a quick reference for candidates preparing for interviews in this domain.

Uploaded by

PAVITHRA S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Spring Boot & Spring Framework Interview Cheat Sheet

Basic Level

Q: What is the Spring Framework?


A: A Java framework providing features like dependency injection, AOP, and MVC.
Q: What is Spring Boot?
A: A tool built on top of Spring that simplifies app development with auto-configuration and embedded servers.
Q: Difference between Spring and Spring Boot?
A: Spring needs manual setup, Boot provides auto-config and faster development.
Q: What is Dependency Injection in Spring?
A: A pattern where Spring injects objects into a class instead of creating them internally.
Q: What are Spring Boot Starter Dependencies?
A: Predefined dependencies to simplify configuration, e.g., spring-boot-starter-web.
Q: What is @SpringBootApplication?
A: Combines @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan.
Q: How do you create a REST API in Spring Boot?
A: Using @RestController and mapping annotations like @GetMapping.
Q: How does Spring Boot work internally?
A: It uses SpringApplication.run(), applies auto-config, and starts an embedded server.

Intermediate Level

Q: What is @Autowired?
A: Used to inject Spring beans automatically into dependent components.
Q: Difference between @Component, @Service, @Repository, and @Controller?
A: All are beans. Each represents a specific layer: generic, service, DAO, and web controller respectively.
Q: How does Spring Boot handle application properties?
A: Using application.properties or .yml and annotations like @Value or @ConfigurationProperties.
Q: What is Spring Boot DevTools?
A: Tool for hot-reloading and quick feedback during development.
Q: How to configure different environments?
A: Using profiles like application-dev.properties and spring.profiles.active.
Q: What is a Bean in Spring?
A: An object managed by the Spring container.
Q: How is a Spring Boot application deployed?
A: Via an executable JAR with an embedded server or a WAR to an external server.

Advanced Level

Q: What is Auto-Configuration?
A: Spring Boot configures beans automatically based on classpath and properties.
Q: What is CommandLineRunner?
A: An interface for running logic after the Spring context is initialized.
Spring Boot & Spring Framework Interview Cheat Sheet

Q: Difference between @ComponentScan and @Bean?


A: @ComponentScan detects components; @Bean defines manual beans.
Q: How does Spring Boot connect to a database?
A: Using starter dependencies and config in application.properties.
Q: What is Spring Data JPA?
A: Simplifies database access using repositories and JPA/Hibernate.
Q: Difference between CrudRepository and JpaRepository?
A: JpaRepository adds more JPA features like pagination over CrudRepository.
Q: What is @Transactional?
A: Defines a method as transactional, rolling back on exceptions.
Q: What is Spring Security?
A: A framework for securing applications with authentication and authorization.
Q: How to secure REST APIs in Spring Boot?
A: Using Spring Security with JWT, Basic Auth, or OAuth2.
Q: What is DispatcherServlet?
A: Front controller in Spring MVC that routes requests to appropriate controllers.
Q: What is @Entity and @Id?
A: @Entity marks a JPA entity, @Id defines the primary key.
Q: Lazy vs Eager loading?
A: Lazy loads when accessed, eager loads immediately with parent.
Q: Global Exception Handling?
A: Use @ControllerAdvice with @ExceptionHandler methods.
Q: Performance optimizations?
A: Use caching, connection pools, pagination, and SQL profiling.

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