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Types of Functions

The document outlines various types of functions with simple definitions and examples, including One-One (Injective), Onto (Surjective), Bijective, Many-One, Into, Constant, Identity, Polynomial, Rational, and Modulus functions. Each function type is characterized by its unique properties regarding inputs and outputs. Examples are provided for clarity on each function type.

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6 views2 pages

Types of Functions

The document outlines various types of functions with simple definitions and examples, including One-One (Injective), Onto (Surjective), Bijective, Many-One, Into, Constant, Identity, Polynomial, Rational, and Modulus functions. Each function type is characterized by its unique properties regarding inputs and outputs. Examples are provided for clarity on each function type.

Uploaded by

zeyadtalha123
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Types of Functions (Simple Definitions with Examples)

1. One-One Function (Injective)

Each input has a different output.

Example: f(x) = x + 1 for x in {1, 2, 3} -> outputs are {2, 3, 4}.

2. Onto Function (Surjective)

Every output has at least one input pointing to it.

Example: f(x) = x^2 for x in {-1, 1} -> outputs are {1} (covers all values in codomain {1}).

3. One-One and Onto (Bijective)

Each input has a unique output, and all outputs are used.

Example: f(x) = x for x in {1, 2, 3} -> outputs are {1, 2, 3}.

4. Many-One Function

Two or more inputs can have the same output.

Example: f(x) = x^2 for x in {-2, 2} -> both give output 4.

5. Into Function

Some outputs in the codomain are not used.

Example: f(x) = x for x in {1, 2}, codomain is {1, 2, 3} -> 3 is not used.

6. Constant Function

Every input gives the same output.

Example: f(x) = 5 for all x -> output is always 5.

7. Identity Function

Every input is mapped to itself.

Example: f(x) = x -> input 2 gives output 2.

8. Polynomial Function

A function like ax^n + bx^(n-1) + ... + c.


Example: f(x) = x^2 + 2x + 1.

9. Rational Function

A ratio of two polynomials.

Example: f(x) = (x + 1)/(x - 1).

10. Modulus Function

Gives the absolute value of x.

Example: f(x) = |x| -> f(-3) = 3.

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