TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

LIVING IN THE IT ERA

Name: Ernesto S. Veluz Jr. SECTION: BSEE-4A_________________

I. Recognize Hardware and Software Problems. Mark the respective item accordingly. (30 points)

1. Are there any unusual noises, such as clicking or grinding, coming from your computer or laptop?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
2. Do you experience overheating issues, like sudden shutdowns or performance degradation?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
3. Is there any physical damage or irregularities on the exterior of your device?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
4. Are all peripheral devices (keyboard, mouse, printer, etc.) connected and functioning correctly?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
5. Have you noticed any issues with the display, such as flickering, lines, or discoloration?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
6. Are there problems with the power supply, like difficulty charging or sudden power loss?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
7. Does your computer produce any error messages related to hardware components during startup?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
8. Have you recently installed any new software or updates that coincided with the onset of issues?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
9. Do you encounter frequent application crashes or freezes?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
10. Are there issues with the operating system, such as slow performance or unresponsiveness?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
11. Have you noticed unexpected pop-ups, ads, or other signs of malware or viruses?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
12. Does your computer experience compatibility issues with certain software applications?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
13. Are there error messages related to software applications during usage?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
14. Have you checked for and installed the latest software updates and patches?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
15. Is your computer experiencing network connectivity problems, such as slow internet or intermittent
disconnection?
___ Hardware Issues ___ Software Issues
II. This represents the fundamental diagram of a web application, illustrating its core components and
functions. With the provided elements, Discuss and simulate the operational flow from the client to the
internet, through the application, and into the database. (20 points)

Web Application Diagram

III. Using the Motherboard Parts List, identify a minimum of 10 components, and elaborate on their
functions
through definition and discussion. (20 points)
III. Essay ( 10 points for each Item).

1. The Impact of the IT Era on Personal Lives.

2. Digital Inclusion and Accessibility in the IT Era.
3. Cybersecurity Challenges in the IT Era.
Answer
Test 2:
The user interacts with the client-side application, providing input or triggering actions.
The client application generates an HTTP/HTTPS request based on the user's input or
action. The request is transmitted over the internet via the user's device and network
infrastructure. The web server receives the incoming request. The request is routed to
the appropriate components of the application through middleware, which may include
authentication and other processing. The application server executes the necessary
business logic based on the received request. If the request requires data from the
database, the application server generates the corresponding database query. The
application server communicates with the database server over the network. The
database server processes the query, retrieves or modifies data, and sends the result
back to the application server.

Test 3:
P4 Power Connector - The P4 power connector, also known as the P4 auxiliary
connector or P4 ATX12V connector, is a type of power connector used in computer
systems. It plays a crucial role in supplying additional power to the motherboard and
CPU.

The CMOS Battery - Motherboards also include a small separate block of memory
made from CMOS RAM chips, which are kept alive by a battery (known as a CMOS
battery) even when the PC’s power is off. This prevents reconfiguration when the PC is
powered on.

USB headers - Allow for the connection of USB ports on the computer case to the
motherboard. They provide a standardized interface for connecting various peripherals
such as keyboards, mice, and external storage devices.

SATA ports connect - storage devices, such as hard drives and solid-state drives, to
the motherboard. These ports facilitate high-speed data transfer between the storage
devices and the rest of the system.

ATX Power Connector - Power connectors provide electrical power to the

motherboard. The ATX power connector supplies power to the main components, while
the EPS power connector delivers additional power to the CPU, ensuring stable
operation.

PCI Express slots - are used to connect expansion cards, such as graphics cards, sound
cards, and network cards. The PCIe standard provides high-speed data transfer between
these cards and the motherboard.
BIOS/UEFI chip - stores firmware that initializes the computer hardware during the boot
process. It provides the basic instructions for the operating system to load.
CPU socket - is a crucial component that houses the CPU. It provides a physical and
electrical connection between the CPU and the motherboard. Different CPUs require
specific socket types for compatibility.
Northbridge - is a chip that historically played a crucial role in managing
communication between the CPU, RAM (memory), and high-speed peripherals, such as
the AGP
Southbridge - is a component found on a computer motherboard that complements the
functions of the Northbridge. While the Northbridge traditionally focused on high-speed
communication between the CPU, memory, and graphics subsystems, the Southbridge
handles a different set of tasks that involve lower-speed communication and I/O
(Input/Output) operations.

Test 4:
1. The IT (Information Technology) era has had a profound impact on personal lives,
influencing various aspects of daily routines, communication, work, and
entertainment and has brought about numerous positive changes, it has also
presented challenges, including issues related to privacy, cybersecurity, and the
digital divide. As technology continues to evolve, its impact on personal lives will
likely continue to shape the way people live, work, and interact with the world
around them.
2. Digital inclusion and accessibility efforts are ongoing, and they involve
collaboration between governments, businesses, advocacy groups, and the
technology industry. The goal is to create a digital environment where everyone
can participate fully and benefit from the opportunities offered by the IT era.
3. Addressing these cybersecurity challenges requires a comprehensive and
proactive approach, including robust security policies, regular training and
awareness programs, the implementation of advanced security technologies, and
collaboration between stakeholders at the organizational and international levels.
It's an ongoing effort to stay ahead of evolving threats and protect digital assets in
the IT era.