WHAT I KNOW

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Directions: Read and understand each item and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
__1. Which level of organization is the basic unit of life?
A. Cell B. Tissue C. Organ D. System
__2. Which of the following is NOT a postulate of a unified cell theory?
A. All living things are composed of cells B. Cells are the basic unit of life
C. All cells undergo complete development D. All new cells arise from existing cells
__3. Who coined the term cell for the box like structure he observed when viewing cork tissue?
A. Matthias Schleiden B. Theodor Schwann
C. Rudolf Virchow D. Robert Hooke
__4. In many cells, the structure that controls the cell activities is the _____________.
A. Cell Membrane B. Organelle C. Nucleolus D. Nucleus
__5. Which part of the cell serves as venue for cellular respiration and is known as the powerhouse of the
cell?
A. Nucleolus B. Chromosome C. Mitochondrion D. Nucleus
__6. Which type of tissue would be found in the epidermis and form the lining of internal organs such as the
intestines?
A. Nervous tissue B. Muscular tissue C. Connective tissue D. Epithelial tissue
__7. The process by which the nucleus divides to produce two new nuclei that results in two daughter cells
that are genetically identical to each other and to the parental cell from which they came.
A. Meiosis B. Interphase C. Mitosis D. Cytokinesis
__8. A type of passive transport which relies on carrier proteins in order for the substances to move down
their concentration gradient.
A. Active transport B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Osmosis D. Sodium-potassium pump
__9. Which of the following is an example of passive transport which occurs when particles move from an
area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
A. Phagocytosis B. Pinocytosis C. Diffusion D. Osmosis
__10. This process utilizes additional metabolic energy against the concentration gradient to move
molecules across the membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
A. Active Transport B. Passive Transport C. Osmosis D. Exocytosis
1. LIVING OF CELLS OR ONE ALL MORE THINGS COMPOSED ARE

2. IS UNIT THE BASIC CELL LIFE OF THE

3. FROM ARISE CELLS PRE-EXISTING CELLS ALL

 The discoveries made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow, and others led to
the formulation of the cell theory. The cell theory describes the properties of all cells. This theory can be
summed up into three basic components: (1) all living things are composed of one or more cells; (2) the cell
is the basic unit of life; and (3) all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Now, that you have an understanding of
the history of the cell theory, answer the activity that follows.
Direction:
Construct a 3D model of a plant/animal cell using indigenous or recyclable materials and
label the parts.
 Most living things you know such as animals and plants are multicellular organisms. Some living
things are made up of only single cell. Single-celled or unicellular organisms include the bacteria, some
protists, and some fungi. Even though composed of single cells, these organisms carry out all the functions
necessary for life. In different organisms, cells also vary in sizes, shapes, parts, and functions. But they all
have one thing in common: they make up all living things and they are living.
 Directions: On the lines below, write about what you’ve learned by doing the activities. Be as
specific as possible and use COMPLETE SENTENCES.
1. Let me tell you some of the important things I’ve learned about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
First, I’ll start with the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

2. Next, I’ll tell you examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

3. Lastly, I now really know about and understand that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Epithelial Tissue - This type of tissue is commonly seen outside the body as coverings or as linings of
organs and cavities. Epithelial tissues are characterized by closely-joined cells with tight junctions (i.e., a
type of cell modification). Being tightly packed, tight junctions serve as barriers for pathogens, mechanical
injuries, and fluid loss.
Cells that make up epithelial tissues can have distinct arrangements:
• cuboidal - for secretion
• simple columnar -brick-shaped cells; for secretion and active absorption
• simple squamous -plate-like cells; for exchange of material through diffusion
• stratified squamous -multilayered and regenerates quickly; for protection
• pseudo-stratified columnar -single layer of cells; may just look stacked because of varying height;
for lining of respiratory tract; usually lined with cilia (i.e., a type of cell modification that sweeps the
mucus).
 Connective Tissue - These tissues are composed of the following:
BLOOD - made up of plasma (i.e., liquid extracellular matrix); contains water, salts, and dissolved proteins;
erythrocytes that carry oxygen (RBC), leukocytes for defense (WBC), and platelets for blood clotting.
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER (CTP) - made up of loose connective tissue that is found in the skin and
fibrous connective tissue that is made up of collagenous fibers found in tendons and ligaments. Adipose
tissues are also examples of loose connective tissues that store fats which functions to insulate the body
and store energy.
CARTILAGE - characterized by collagenous fibers embedded in chondroitin sulfate. Chondrocytes are the
cells that secrete collagen and chondroitin sulfate. Cartilage functions as cushion between bones.
BONE - mineralized connective tissue made by bone-forming cells called osteoblasts which deposit
collagen. The matrix of collagen is combined with calcium, magnesium, and phosphate ions to make the
bone hard. Blood vessels and nerves are found at a central canal surrounded by concentric circles of
osteons.

Muscle Tissue - These tissues are composed of long cells called muscle fibers that allow the body to move
voluntary or involuntary. Movement of muscles is a response to signals coming from nerve cells. In
vertebrates, these muscles can be categorized into the following:
• skeletal - striated; voluntary movements
• cardiac - striated with intercalated disk for synchronized heart contraction; involuntary
• smooth - not striated; involuntary
 Nervous Tissue - These tissues are composed of nerve cells called neurons and glial cells
that function as support cells. These neurons sense stimuli and transmit electrical signals
throughout the animal body. Neurons connect to other neurons to send signals. The dendrite is the
part of the neuron that receives impulses from other neurons while the axon is the part where the
impulse is transmitted to other neurons.