GCP Data Engineering Certification

Q1
Your company built a TensorFlow neutral-network model with a
large number of neurons and layers. The model fits well for the
training data. However, when tested against new data, it performs
poorly. What method can you employ to address this?
● A. Threading
● B. Serialization
● C. Dropout Methods
● D. Dimensionality Reduction

Ans - C
Q2
You are building a model to make clothing recommendations. You
know a user's fashion preference is likely to change over time, so
you build a data pipeline to stream new data back to the model as
it becomes available. How should you use this data to train the
model?
● A. Continuously retrain the model on just the new data.
● B. Continuously retrain the model on a combination of
existing data and the new data.
● C. Train on the existing data while using the new data as
your test set.
● D. Train on the new data while using the existing data as
your test set.

Ans - B
Q3
You designed a database for patient records as a pilot project to
cover a few hundred patients in three clinics. Your design used a
single database table to represent all patients and their visits, and
you used self-joins to generate reports. The server resource
utilization was at 50%. Since then, the scope of the project has
expanded. The database must now store 100 times more patient
records. You can no longer run the reports, because they either
take too long or they encounter errors with insufficient compute
resources. How should you adjust the database design?

● A. Add capacity (memory and disk space) to the database

server by the order of 200.
● B. Shard the tables into smaller ones based on date ranges,
and only generate reports with prespecified date ranges.
● C. Normalize the master patient-record table into the patient
table and the visits table, and create other necessary tables
to avoid self-join.
● D. Partition the table into smaller tables, with one for each
clinic. Run queries against the smaller table pairs, and use
unions for consolidated reports.

ANS - C
Q4
You create an important report for your large team in Google Data
Studio 360. The report uses Google BigQuery as its data source.
You notice that visualizations are not showing data that is less
than 1 hour old. What should you do?

● A. Disable caching by editing the report settings.

● B. Disable caching in BigQuery by editing table details.
● C. Refresh your browser tab showing the visualizations.
● D. Clear your browser history for the past hour then reload
the tab showing the virtualizations.

ANS - A
Q5
An external customer provides you with a daily dump of data from
their database. The data flows into Google Cloud Storage GCS as
comma-separated values(CSV) files. You want to analyze this
data in Google BigQuery, but the data could have rows that are
formatted incorrectly or corrupted. How should you build this
pipeline?

● A. Use federated data sources, and check data in the SQL

query.
● B. Enable BigQuery monitoring in Google Stackdriver and
create an alert.
● C. Import the data into BigQuery using the gcloud CLI and
set max_bad_records to 0.
● D. Run a Google Cloud Dataflow batch pipeline to import the
data into BigQuery, and push errors to another dead-letter
table for analysis.

Ans - D
Q6
Your weather app queries a database every 15 minutes to get the
current temperature. The frontend is powered by Google App
Engine and server millions of users. How should you design the
frontend to respond to a database failure?

● A. Issue a command to restart the database servers.

● B. Retry the query with exponential backoff, up to a cap of 15
minutes.
● C. Retry the query every second until it comes back online to
minimize staleness of data.
● D. Reduce the query frequency to once every hour until the
database comes back online.

ANS - B
Q7
You are creating a model to predict housing prices. Due to budget
constraints, you must run it on a single resource-constrained
virtual machine. Which learning algorithm should you use?

● A. Linear regression
● B. Logistic classification
● C. Recurrent neural network
● D. Feedforward neural network

ANS - A
Q-8
You are building new real-time data warehouse for your company
and will use Google BigQuery streaming inserts. There is no
guarantee that data will only be sent in once but you do have a
unique ID for each row of data and an event timestamp. You want
to ensure that duplicates are not included while interactively
querying data. Which query type should you use?

● A. Include ORDER BY DESC on timestamp column and

LIMIT to 1.
● B. Use GROUP BY on the unique ID column and timestamp
column and SUM on the values.
● C. Use the LAG window function with PARTITION by unique
ID along with WHERE LAG IS NOT NULL.
● D. Use the ROW_NUMBER window function with
PARTITION by unique ID along with WHERE row equals 1.

ANS - D
Q-9
Your company is using WILDCARD tables to query data across
multiple tables with similar names. The SQL statement is currently
failing with the following error:
# Syntax error : Expected end of statement but got "-" at [4:11]
SELECT age -
FROM -
bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod
WHERE -
age != 99
AND_TABLE_SUFFIX = "˜1929'
ORDER BY -
age DESC
Which table name will make the SQL statement work correctly?

● A. "˜bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod"˜
● B. bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod*
● C. "˜bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod'*
● D. "˜bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod*`

Ans: B

Our Ans - `bigquery-public-data.noaa_gsod.gsod*`

Q10
Your company is in a highly regulated industry. One of your
requirements is to ensure individual users have access only to the
minimum amount of information required to do their jobs. You
want to enforce this requirement with Google BigQuery. Which
three approaches can you take? (Choose three.)

● A. Disable writes to certain tables.

● B. Restrict access to tables by role.
● C. Ensure that the data is encrypted at all times.
● D. Restrict BigQuery API access to approved users.
● E. Segregate data across multiple tables or databases.
● F. Use Google Stackdriver Audit Logging to determine policy
violations.

ANS .- BDF
Q11
You are designing a basket abandonment system for an
ecommerce company. The system will send a message to a user
based on these rules:
✑ No interaction by the user on the site for 1 hour
✑ Has added more than $30 worth of products to the basket
✑ Has not completed a transaction
You use Google Cloud Dataflow to process the data and decide if
a message should be sent. How should you design the pipeline?

● A. Use a fixed-time window with a duration of 60 minutes.

● B. Use a sliding time window with a duration of 60 minutes.
● C. Use a session window with a gap time duration of 60
minutes.
● D. Use a global window with a time based trigger with a
delay of 60 minutes.

ANS - C

https://cloud.google.com/dataprep/docs/html/SESSION-Function_
57344754
https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/concepts/streaming-pipeli
nes#session-windows
Q12
Your company handles data processing for a number of different
clients. Each client prefers to use their own suite of analytics
tools, with some allowing direct query access via Google
BigQuery. You need to secure the data so that clients cannot see
each other's data. You want to ensure appropriate access to the
data. Which three steps should you take? (Choose three.)

● A. Load data into different partitions.

● B. Load data into a different dataset for each client.
● C. Put each client's BigQuery dataset into a different table.
● D. Restrict a client's dataset to approved users.
● E. Only allow a service account to access the datasets.
● F. Use the appropriate identity and access management
(IAM) roles for each client's users.

ANS - BDF
Q13
You want to process payment transactions in a point-of-sale
application that will run on Google Cloud Platform. Your user base
could grow exponentially, but you do not want to manage
infrastructure scaling. Which Google database service should you
use?

● A. Cloud SQL
● B. BigQuery
● C. Cloud Bigtable
● D. Cloud Datastore

Our Ans - A
Q14
You want to use a database of information about tissue samples
to classify future tissue samples as either normal or mutated. You
are evaluating an unsupervised anomaly detection method for
classifying the tissue samples. Which two characteristic support
this method? (Choose two.)

● A. There are very few occurrences of mutations relative to

normal samples.
● B. There are roughly equal occurrences of both normal and
mutated samples in the database.
● C. You expect future mutations to have different features
from the mutated samples in the database.
● D. You expect future mutations to have similar features to
the mutated samples in the database.
● E. You already have labels for which samples are mutated
and which are normal in the database.

ANS - AD
Q15
You need to store and analyze social media postings in Google
BigQuery at a rate of 10,000 messages per minute in near
real-time. Initially, design the application to use streaming inserts
for individual postings. Your application also performs data
aggregations right after the streaming inserts. You discover that
the queries after streaming inserts do not exhibit strong
consistency, and reports from the queries might miss in-flight
data. How can you adjust your application design?

● A. Re-write the application to load accumulated data every 2

minutes.
● B. Convert the streaming insert code to batch load for
individual messages.
● C. Load the original message to Google Cloud SQL, and
export the table every hour to BigQuery via streaming
inserts.
● D. Estimate the average latency for data availability after
streaming inserts, and always run queries after waiting twice
as long.

ANS - D
Q16
Your startup has never implemented a formal security policy.
Currently, everyone in the company has access to the datasets
stored in Google BigQuery. Teams have freedom to use the
service as they see fit, and they have not documented their use
cases. You have been asked to secure the data warehouse. You
need to discover what everyone is doing. What should you do
first?

● A. Use Google Stackdriver Audit Logs to review data access.

● B. Get the identity and access management IIAM) policy of
each table
● C. Use Stackdriver Monitoring to see the usage of BigQuery
query slots.
● D. Use the Google Cloud Billing API to see what account the
warehouse is being billed to.

ANS - A
Q17
Your company is migrating their 30-node Apache Hadoop cluster
to the cloud. They want to re-use Hadoop jobs they have already
created and minimize the management of the cluster as much as
possible. They also want to be able to persist data beyond the life
of the cluster. What should you do?

● A. Create a Google Cloud Dataflow job to process the data.

● B. Create a Google Cloud Dataproc cluster that uses
persistent disks for HDFS.
● C. Create a Hadoop cluster on Google Compute Engine that
uses persistent disks.
● D. Create a Cloud Dataproc cluster that uses the Google
Cloud Storage connector.
● E. Create a Hadoop cluster on Google Compute Engine that
uses Local SSD disks.

ANS - D
Q18
Business owners at your company have given you a database of
bank transactions. Each row contains the user ID, transaction
type, transaction location, and transaction amount. They ask you
to investigate what type of machine learning can be applied to the
data. Which three machine learning applications can you use?
(Choose three.)

● A. Supervised learning to determine which transactions are

most likely to be fraudulent.
● B. Unsupervised learning to determine which transactions
are most likely to be fraudulent.
● C. Clustering to divide the transactions into N categories
based on feature similarity.
● D. Supervised learning to predict the location of a
transaction.
● E. Reinforcement learning to predict the location of a
transaction.
● F. Unsupervised learning to predict the location of a
transaction.

ANS - BCF
Q19
Your company's on-premises Apache Hadoop servers are
approaching end-of-life, and IT has decided to migrate the cluster
to Google Cloud Dataproc. A like-for- like migration of the cluster
would require 50 TB of Google Persistent Disk per node. The CIO
is concerned about the cost of using that much block storage. You
want to minimize the storage cost of the migration. What should
you do?

● A. Put the data into Google Cloud Storage.

● B. Use preemptible virtual machines (VMs) for the Cloud
Dataproc cluster.
● C. Tune the Cloud Dataproc cluster so that there is just
enough disk for all data.
● D. Migrate some of the cold data into Google Cloud Storage,
and keep only the hot data in Persistent Disk.

ANS - A
Q 20
You work for a car manufacturer and have set up a data pipeline
using Google Cloud Pub/Sub to capture anomalous sensor
events. You are using a push subscription in Cloud Pub/Sub that
calls a custom HTTPS endpoint that you have created to take
action of these anomalous events as they occur. Your custom
HTTPS endpoint keeps getting an inordinate amount of duplicate
messages. What is the most likely cause of these duplicate
messages?

● A. The message body for the sensor event is too large.

● B. Your custom endpoint has an out-of-date SSL certificate.
● C. The Cloud Pub/Sub topic has too many messages
published to it.
● D. Your custom endpoint is not acknowledging messages
within the acknowledgement deadline.

ANS - D
Q21
Your company uses a proprietary system to send inventory data
every 6 hours to a data ingestion service in the cloud. Transmitted
data includes a payload of several fields and the timestamp of the
transmission. If there are any concerns about a transmission, the
system re-transmits the data. How should you deduplicate the
data most efficiency?

● A. Assign global unique identifiers (GUID) to each data entry.

● B. Compute the hash value of each data entry, and compare
it with all historical data.
● C. Store each data entry as the primary key in a separate
database and apply an index.
● D. Maintain a database table to store the hash value and
other metadata for each data entry.

ANS - A
Q22
Your company has hired a new data scientist who wants to
perform complicated analyses across very large datasets stored
in Google Cloud Storage and in a Cassandra cluster on Google
Compute Engine. The scientist primarily wants to create labelled
data sets for machine learning projects, along with some
visualization tasks. She reports that her laptop is not powerful
enough to perform her tasks and it is slowing her down. You want
to help her perform her tasks.
What should you do?

● A. Run a local version of Jupiter on the laptop.

● B. Grant the user access to Google Cloud Shell.
● C. Host a visualization tool on a VM on Google Compute
Engine.
● D. Deploy Google Cloud Datalab to a virtual machine (VM)
on Google Compute Engine.

Ans - D
Q 23
You are deploying 10,000 new Internet of Things devices to
collect temperature data in your warehouses globally. You need to
process, store and analyze these very large datasets in real time.
What should you do?

● A. Send the data to Google Cloud Datastore and then export

to BigQuery.
● B. Send the data to Google Cloud Pub/Sub, stream Cloud
Pub/Sub to Google Cloud Dataflow, and store the data in
Google BigQuery.
● C. Send the data to Cloud Storage and then spin up an
Apache Hadoop cluster as needed in Google Cloud
Dataproc whenever analysis is required.
● D. Export logs in batch to Google Cloud Storage and then
spin up a Google Cloud SQL instance, import the data from
Cloud Storage, and run an analysis as needed.

Correct Answer: B
Q 24
You have spent a few days loading data from comma-separated
values (CSV) files into the Google BigQuery table
CLICK_STREAM. The column DT stores the epoch time of click
events. For convenience, you chose a simple schema where
every field is treated as the STRING type. Now, you want to
compute web session durations of users who visit your site, and
you want to change its data type to the TIMESTAMP. You want to
minimize the migration effort without making future queries
computationally expensive. What should you do?

● A. Delete the table CLICK_STREAM, and then re-create it

such that the column DT is of the TIMESTAMP type. Reload
the data.
● B. Add a column TS of the TIMESTAMP type to the table
CLICK_STREAM, and populate the numeric values from the
column TS for each row. Reference the column TS instead
of the column DT from now on.
● C. Create a view CLICK_STREAM_V, where strings from the
column DT are cast into TIMESTAMP values. Reference the
view CLICK_STREAM_V instead of the table
CLICK_STREAM from now on.
● D. Add two columns to the table CLICK STREAM: TS of the
TIMESTAMP type and IS_NEW of the BOOLEAN type.
Reload all data in append mode. For each appended row,
set the value of IS_NEW to true. For future queries,
reference the column TS instead of the column DT, with the
WHERE clause ensuring that the value of IS_NEW must be
true.
 ● E. Construct a query to return every row of the table
CLICK_STREAM, while using the built-in function to cast
strings from the column DT into TIMESTAMP values. Run
the query into a destination table NEW_CLICK_STREAM, in
which the column TS is the TIMESTAMP type. Reference the
table NEW_CLICK_STREAM instead of the table
CLICK_STREAM from now on. In the future, new data is
loaded into the table NEW_CLICK_STREAM.

Correct Answer: E
Q25
You want to use Google Stackdriver Logging to monitor Google
BigQuery usage. You need an instant notification to be sent to
your monitoring tool when new data is appended to a certain table
using an insert job, but you do not want to receive notifications for
other tables. What should you do?

● A. Make a call to the Stackdriver API to list all logs, and

apply an advanced filter.
● B. In the Stackdriver logging admin interface, and enable a
log sink export to BigQuery.
● C. In the Stackdriver logging admin interface, enable a log
sink export to Google Cloud Pub/Sub, and subscribe to the
topic from your monitoring tool.
● D. Using the Stackdriver API, create a project sink with
advanced log filter to export to Pub/Sub, and subscribe to
the topic from your monitoring tool.

Correct : D
Q26
You are working on a sensitive project involving private user data.
You have set up a project on Google Cloud Platform to house
your work internally. An external consultant is going to assist with
coding a complex transformation in a Google Cloud Dataflow
pipeline for your project. How should you maintain users' privacy?

● A. Grant the consultant the Viewer role on the project.

● B. Grant the consultant the Cloud Dataflow Developer role
on the project.
● C. Create a service account and allow the consultant to log
on with it.
● D. Create an anonymized sample of the data for the
consultant to work with in a different project.

Correct Answer: B

service account is a special kind of account used by an

application or a virtual machine (VM) instance, not a person.
Q27
You are building a model to predict whether or not it will rain on a
given day. You have thousands of input features and want to see
if you can improve training speed by removing some features
while having a minimum effect on model accuracy. What can you
do?

● A. Eliminate features that are highly correlated to the output

labels.
● B. Combine highly co-dependent features into one
representative feature.
● C. Instead of feeding in each feature individually, average
their values in batches of 3.
● D. Remove the features that have null values for more than
50% of the training records.

Correct Answer: B
Q28
Your company is performing data preprocessing for a learning
algorithm in Google Cloud Dataflow. Numerous data logs are
being are being generated during this step, and the team wants to
analyze them. Due to the dynamic nature of the campaign, the
data is growing exponentially every hour. The data scientists have
written the following code to read the data for a new key features
in the logs.

BigQueryIO.Read -
.named("ReadLogData")
.from("clouddataflow-readonly:samples.log_data")

You want to improve the performance of this data read. What

should you do?

● A. Specify the TableReference object in the code.

● B. Use .fromQuery operation to read specific fields from the
table.
● C. Use of both the Google BigQuery TableSchema and
TableFieldSchema classes.
● D. Call a transform that returns TableRow objects, where
each element in the PCollection represents a single row in
the table.

Correct Answer: D
Q29
Your company is streaming real-time sensor data from their
factory floor into Bigtable and they have noticed extremely poor
performance. How should the row key be redesigned to improve
Bigtable performance on queries that populate real-time
dashboards?

● A. Use a row key of the form <timestamp>.

● B. Use a row key of the form <sensorid>.
● C. Use a row key of the form <timestamp>#<sensorid>.
● D. Use a row key of the form >#<sensorid>#<timestamp>.

Correct Answer: D
Q30
Your company's customer and order databases are often under
heavy load. This makes performing analytics against them difficult
without harming operations. The databases are in a MySQL
cluster, with nightly backups taken using mysqldump. You want to
perform analytics with minimal impact on operations. What should
you do?

● A. Add a node to the MySQL cluster and build an OLAP

cube there.
● B. Use an ETL tool to load the data from MySQL into Google
BigQuery.
● C. Connect an on-premises Apache Hadoop cluster to
MySQL and perform ETL.
● D. Mount the backups to Google Cloud SQL, and then
process the data using Google Cloud Dataproc.

Correct Answer: B
Q31
You have Google Cloud Dataflow streaming pipeline running with
a Google Cloud Pub/Sub subscription as the source. You need to
make an update to the code that will make the new Cloud
Dataflow pipeline incompatible with the current version. You do
not want to lose any data when making this update. What should
you do?

● A. Update the current pipeline and use the drain flag.

● B. Update the current pipeline and provide the transform
mapping JSON object.
● C. Create a new pipeline that has the same Cloud Pub/Sub
subscription and cancel the old pipeline.
● D. Create a new pipeline that has a new Cloud Pub/Sub
subscription and cancel the old pipeline.

Correct Answer: A

Drain - You want to update your pipeline to handle changes in

data format, or to account for version or other changes in your
data source.
Q32
Your company is running their first dynamic campaign, serving
different offers by analyzing real-time data during the holiday
season. The data scientists are collecting terabytes of data that
rapidly grows every hour during their 30-day campaign. They are
using Google Cloud Dataflow to preprocess the data and collect
the feature (signals) data that is needed for the machine learning
model in Google Cloud Bigtable. The team is observing
suboptimal performance with reads and writes of their initial load
of 10 TB of data. They want to improve this performance while
minimizing cost. What should they do?

● A. Redefine the schema by evenly distributing reads and

writes across the row space of the table.
● B. The performance issue should be resolved over time as
the site of the BigDate cluster is increased.
● C. Redesign the schema to use a single row key to identify
values that need to be updated frequently in the cluster.
● D. Redesign the schema to use row keys based on numeric
IDs that increase sequentially per user viewing the offers.

Correct Answer: A
Q33
Your software uses a simple JSON format for all messages.
These messages are published to Google Cloud Pub/Sub, then
processed with Google Cloud Dataflow to create a real-time
dashboard for the CFO. During testing, you notice that some
messages are missing in the dashboard. You check the logs, and
all messages are being published to Cloud Pub/Sub successfully.
What should you do next?

● A. Check the dashboard application to see if it is not

displaying correctly.
● B. Run a fixed dataset through the Cloud Dataflow pipeline
and analyze the output.
● C. Use Google Stackdriver Monitoring on Cloud Pub/Sub to
find the missing messages.
● D. Switch Cloud Dataflow to pull messages from Cloud
Pub/Sub instead of Cloud Pub/Sub pushing messages to
Cloud Dataflow.

Correct Answer: B
Q34
Flowlogistic Case Study -
Company Overview -
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They
help businesses throughout the world manage their resources
and transport them their final destination. The company has
grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck,
aircraft, and oceanic shipping.

Company Background -
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then
expanded into other logistics market. Because they have not
updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and
shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations,
Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking
shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are
unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on
Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition,
Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments
to determine how best to deploy their resources.

Solution Concept -
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
✑ Use their proprietary technology in a real-time
inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of their loads
✑ Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which
contain both structured and unstructured data, to determine how
best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They
also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a
shipment will be delayed.

Existing Technical Environment -

Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
✑ Databases
8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server "" user data, inventory, static data
3 physical servers
- Cassandra "" metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers "" tracking message aggregation and batch
insert
✑ Application servers "" customer front end, middleware for
order/customs
60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat "" Java services
- Nginx "" static content
- Batch servers
✑ Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) "" SQL server
storage
- Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
✑ 10 Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
✑ 20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements -
✑ Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled
panty of production.
✑ Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis
✑ Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future
shipments
✑ Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary
technology
✑ Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid
provisioning of new resources
✑ Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
✑ Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met

Technical Requirements -
✑ Handle both streaming and batch data
✑ Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
✑ Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the
changing demands of the company.
✑ Use managed services whenever possible
✑ Encrypt data flight and at rest
✑ Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud
environment

SEO Statement -
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our
infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency.
We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we
are inefficient at moving data around. We need to organize our
information so we can more easily understand where our
customers are and what they are shipping.

CTO Statement -
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we
have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to
manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I
cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as
organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to
implement the CFO' s tracking technology.

CFO Statement -
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves
for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments
are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and
profitability. Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building
out a server environment.
Flowlogistic wants to use Google BigQuery as their primary
analysis system, but they still have Apache Hadoop and Spark
workloads that they cannot move to
BigQuery. Flowlogistic does not know how to store the data that is
common to both workloads. What should they do?
● A. Store the common data in BigQuery as partitioned tables.
● B. Store the common data in BigQuery and expose
authorized views.
● C. Store the common data encoded as Avro in Google Cloud
Storage.
● D. Store he common data in the HDFS storage for a Google
Cloud Dataproc cluster.
Correct Answer: B Our Ans is C or D - need to check
https://cloud.google.com/dataproc/docs/tutorials/bigquery-connect
or-spark-example
Update : Ans D is wrong since it is not cost effective.
Storing the data in GCS is cost-efficient since you only pay for the
time the job is running and then you can shut down the cluster
when you aren’t using it without losing all its data since it is now
stored in Cloud Storage
Q35
Flowlogistic Case Study -

Company Overview -
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They
help businesses throughout the world manage their resources
and transport them to their final destination. The company has
grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck,
aircraft, and oceanic shipping.

Company Background -
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then
expanded into other logistics market. Because they have not
updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and
shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations,
Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking
shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are
unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on
Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition,
Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments
to determine how best to deploy their resources.

Solution Concept -
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
✑ Use their proprietary technology in a real-time
inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of their loads
✑ Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which
contain both structured and unstructured data, to determine how
best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They
also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a
shipment will be delayed.

Existing Technical Environment -

Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
✑ Databases
8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server "" user data, inventory, static data
3 physical servers
- Cassandra "" metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers "" tracking message aggregation and batch
insert
✑ Application servers "" customer front end, middleware for
order/customs
60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat "" Java services
- Nginx "" static content
- Batch servers
✑ Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) "" SQL server
storage
- Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
✑ 10 Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
✑ 20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements -
✑ Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled
panty of production.
✑ Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis
✑ Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future
shipments
✑ Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary
technology
✑ Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid
provisioning of new resources
✑ Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met

Technical Requirements -
✑ Handle both streaming and batch data
✑ Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
✑ Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the
changing demands of the company.
✑ Use managed services whenever possible
✑ Encrypt data flight and at rest
✑ Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud
environment

SEO Statement -
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our
infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency.
We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we
are inefficient at moving data around.
We need to organize our information so we can more easily
understand where our customers are and what they are shipping.

CTO Statement -
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we
have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to
manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I
cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as
organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to
implement the CFO' s tracking technology.

CFO Statement -
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves
for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments
are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and
profitability. Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building
out a server environment.
Flowlogistic's management has determined that the current
Apache Kafka servers cannot handle the data volume for their
real-time inventory tracking system.
You need to build a new system on Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
that will feed the proprietary tracking software. The system must
be able to ingest data from a variety of global sources, process
and query in real-time, and store the data reliably. Which
combination of GCP products should you choose?
● A. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, and Cloud Storage
● B. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, and Local SSD
● C. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud SQL, and Cloud Storage
 ● D. Cloud Load Balancing, Cloud Dataflow, and Cloud
Storage
Correct Answer: C Our Ans A verify it
Q36
Flowlogistic Case Study -

Company Overview -
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They
help businesses throughout the world manage their resources
and transport them to their final destination. The company has
grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck,
aircraft, and oceanic shipping.

Company Background -
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then
expanded into other logistics market. Because they have not
updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and
shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations,
Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking
shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are
unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on
Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition,
Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments
to determine how best to deploy their resources.

Solution Concept -
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
✑ Use their proprietary technology in a real-time
inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of their loads
✑ Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which
contain both structured and unstructured data, to determine how
best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They
also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a
shipment will be delayed.

Existing Technical Environment -

Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
✑ Databases
8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server "" user data, inventory, static data
3 physical servers
- Cassandra "" metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers "" tracking message aggregation and batch
insert
✑ Application servers "" customer front end, middleware for
order/customs
60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat "" Java services
- Nginx "" static content
- Batch servers
✑ Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) "" SQL server
storage
- Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
✑ 10 Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
✑ 20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements -
✑ Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled
panty of production.
✑ Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis
✑ Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future
shipments
✑ Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary
technology
✑ Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid
provisioning of new resources
✑ Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
✑ Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met

Technical Requirements -
✑ Handle both streaming and batch data
✑ Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
✑ Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the
changing demands of the company.
✑ Use managed services whenever possible
✑ Encrypt data flight and at rest
✑ Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud
environment

SEO Statement -
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our
infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency.
We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we
are inefficient at moving data around.
We need to organize our information so we can more easily
understand where our customers are and what they are shipping.

CTO Statement -
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we
have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to
manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I
cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as
organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to
implement the CFO' s tracking technology.

CFO Statement -
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves
for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments
are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and
profitability. Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building
out a server environment.
Flowlogistic's CEO wants to gain rapid insight into their customer
base so his sales team can be better informed in the field. This
team is not very technical, so they've purchased a visualization
tool to simplify the creation of BigQuery reports. However, they've
been overwhelmed by all the data in the table, and are spending a
lot of money on queries trying to find the data they need. You
want to solve their problem in the most cost-effective way. What
should you do?
● A. Export the data into a Google Sheet for virtualization.
● B. Create an additional table with only the necessary
columns.
 ● C. Create a view on the table to present to the virtualization
tool.
● D. Create identity and access management (IAM) roles on
the appropriate columns, so only they appear in a query.
Correct Answer: C
Q37
Flowlogistic Case Study -

Company Overview -
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They
help businesses throughout the world manage their resources
and transport them to their final destination. The company has
grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck,
aircraft, and oceanic shipping.

Company Background -
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then
expanded into other logistics market. Because they have not
updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and
shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations,
Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking
shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are
unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on
Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition,
Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments
to determine how best to deploy their resources.

Solution Concept -
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
✑ Use their proprietary technology in a real-time
inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of their loads
✑ Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which
contain both structured and unstructured data, to determine how
best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They
also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a
shipment will be delayed.

Existing Technical Environment -

Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
✑ Databases
8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server "" user data, inventory, static data
3 physical servers
- Cassandra "" metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers "" tracking message aggregation and batch
insert
✑ Application servers "" customer front end, middleware for
order/customs
60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat "" Java services
- Nginx "" static content
- Batch servers
✑ Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) "" SQL server
storage
- Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
✑ 10 Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
✑ 20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements -
✑ Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled
panty of production.
✑ Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis
✑ Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future
shipments
✑ Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary
technology
✑ Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid
provisioning of new resources
✑ Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
✑ Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met

Technical Requirements -
✑ Handle both streaming and batch data
✑ Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
✑ Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the
changing demands of the company.
✑ Use managed services whenever possible
✑ Encrypt data flight and at rest
Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud
environment

SEO Statement -
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our
infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency.
We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we
are inefficient at moving data around.
We need to organize our information so we can more easily
understand where our customers are and what they are shipping.

CTO Statement -
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we
have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to
manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I
cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as
organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to
implement the CFO' s tracking technology.

CFO Statement -
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves
for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments
are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and
profitability. Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building
out a server environment.
Flowlogistic is rolling out their real-time inventory tracking system.
The tracking devices will all send package-tracking messages,
which will now go to a single
Google Cloud Pub/Sub topic instead of the Apache Kafka cluster.
A subscriber application will then process the messages for
real-time reporting and store them in
Google BigQuery for historical analysis. You want to ensure the
package data can be analyzed over time.
Which approach should you take?
● A. Attach the timestamp on each message in the Cloud
Pub/Sub subscriber application as they are received.
 ● B. Attach the timestamp and Package ID on the outbound
message from each publisher device as they are sent to
Clod Pub/Sub.
● C. Use the NOW () function in BigQuery to record the event's
time.
● D. Use the automatically generated timestamp from Cloud
Pub/Sub to order the data.

Correct Answer: B
Q38
MJTelco Case Study -

Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
✑ Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
✑ Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and
100,000 data providers with multiple flows each.
✑ Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up
to 2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
✑ Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
MJTelco's Google Cloud Dataflow pipeline is now ready to start
receiving data from the 50,000 installations. You want to allow
Cloud Dataflow to scale its compute power up as required. Which
Cloud Dataflow pipeline configuration setting should you update?
● A. The zone
● B. The number of workers
● C. The disk size per worker
● D. The maximum number of workers

Correct Answer: A
D
Q39
MJTelco Case Study -

Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
✑ Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
✑ Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and
100,000 data providers with multiple flows each.
✑ Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up
to 2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
✑ Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
You need to compose visualizations for operations teams with the
following requirements:
✑ The report must include telemetry data from all 50,000
installations for the most resent 6 weeks (sampling once every
minute).
✑ The report must not be more than 3 hours delayed from live
data.
✑ The actionable report should only show suboptimal links.
✑ Most suboptimal links should be sorted to the top.
✑ Suboptimal links can be grouped and filtered by regional
geography.
✑ User response time to load the report must be <5 seconds.
Which approach meets the requirements?

● A. Load the data into Google Sheets, use formulas to

calculate a metric, and use filters/sorting to show only
suboptimal links in a table.
● B. Load the data into Google BigQuery tables, write Google
Apps Script that queries the data, calculates the metric, and
shows only suboptimal rows in a table in Google Sheets.
● C. Load the data into Google Cloud Datastore tables, write a
Google App Engine Application that queries all rows, applies
a function to derive the metric, and then renders results in a
table using the Google charts and visualization API.
● D. Load the data into Google BigQuery tables, write a
Google Data Studio 360 report that connects to your data,
calculates a metric, and then uses a filter expression to show
only suboptimal rows in a table.

Correct Answer: C or D
Q40
MJTelco Case Study -
Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
✑ Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
✑ Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and
100,000 data providers with multiple flows each.
✑ Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up
to 2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
✑ Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
You create a new report for your large team in Google Data
Studio 360. The report uses Google BigQuery as its data source.
It is company policy to ensure employees can view only the data
associated with their region, so you create and populate a table
for each region. You need to enforce the regional access policy to
the data.
Which two actions should you take? (Choose two.)

● A. Ensure all the tables are included in global dataset.

● B. Ensure each table is included in a dataset for a region.
● C. Adjust the settings for each table to allow a related
region-based security group view access.
● D. Adjust the settings for each view to allow a related
region-based security group view access.
● E. Adjust the settings for each dataset to allow a related
region-based security group view access.

Correct Answer: BD / BE
Q41
MJTelco Case Study -
Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
✑ Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
✑ Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and
100,000 data providers with multiple flows each.
✑ Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up
to 2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
✑ Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
MJTelco needs you to create a schema in Google Bigtable that
will allow for the historical analysis of the last 2 years of records.
Each record that comes in is sent every 15 minutes, and contains
a unique identifier of the device and a data record. The most
common query is for all the data for a given device for a given
day.
Which schema should you use?
● A. Rowkey: date#device_id Column data: data_point
● B. Rowkey: date Column data: device_id, data_point
● C. Rowkey: device_id Column data: date, data_point
● D. Rowkey: data_point Column data: device_id, date
● E. Rowkey: date#data_point Column data: device_id

Correct Answer: D - wrong

Update: Having Date as first key is not recommended.
Ideal rowkey should be device_id#date.Since that option is not
available the correct answer should be A or C.
Q42
Your company has recently grown rapidly and now ingesting data
at a significantly higher rate than it was previously. You manage
the daily batch MapReduce analytics jobs in Apache Hadoop.
However, the recent increase in data has meant the batch jobs
are falling behind. You were asked to recommend ways the
development team could increase the responsiveness of the
analytics without increasing costs. What should you recommend
they do?

● A. Rewrite the job in Pig.

● B. Rewrite the job in Apache Spark.
● C. Increase the size of the Hadoop cluster.
● D. Decrease the size of the Hadoop cluster but also rewrite
the job in Hive.

Correct Answer: A
Q43
You work for a large fast food restaurant chain with over 400,000
employees. You store employee information in Google BigQuery
in a Users table consisting of a FirstName field and a LastName
field. A member of IT is building an application and asks you to
modify the schema and data in BigQuery so the application can
query a FullName field consisting of the value of the FirstName
field concatenated with a space, followed by the value of the
LastName field for each employee. How can you make that data
available while minimizing cost?

● A. Create a view in BigQuery that concatenates the

FirstName and LastName field values to produce the
FullName.
● B. Add a new column called FullName to the Users table.
Run an UPDATE statement that updates the FullName
column for each user with the concatenation of the
FirstName and LastName values.
● C. Create a Google Cloud Dataflow job that queries
BigQuery for the entire Users table, concatenates the
FirstName value and LastName value for each user, and
loads the proper values for FirstName, LastName, and
FullName into a new table in BigQuery.
● D. Use BigQuery to export the data for the table to a CSV
file. Create a Google Cloud Dataproc job to process the CSV
file and output a new CSV file containing the proper values
for FirstName, LastName and FullName. Run a BigQuery
load job to load the new CSV file into BigQuery.
Correct Answer: B
Q44
You are deploying a new storage system for your mobile
application, which is a media streaming service. You decide the
best fit is Google Cloud Datastore. You have entities with multiple
properties, some of which can take on multiple values. For
example, in the entity "˜Movie' the property "˜actors' and the
property "˜tags' have multiple values but the property "˜date
released' does not. A typical query would ask for all movies with
actor=<actorname> ordered by date_released or all movies with
tag=Comedy ordered by date_released. How should you avoid a
combinatorial explosion in the number of indexes?

● A. Manually configure the index in your index config as

follows:
● B. Manually configure the index in your index config as

follows:
 ● C. Set the following in your entity options:
exclude_from_indexes = "˜actors, tags'
● D. Set the following in your entity options:
exclude_from_indexes = "˜date_published'

Correct Answer: A
Q45
You work for a manufacturing plant that batches application log
files together into a single log file once a day at 2:00 AM. You
have written a Google Cloud Dataflow job to process that log file.
You need to make sure the log file is processed once per day as
inexpensively as possible. What should you do?

● A. Change the processing job to use Google Cloud Dataproc

instead.
● B. Manually start the Cloud Dataflow job each morning when
you get into the office.
● C. Create a cron job with Google App Engine Cron Service
to run the Cloud Dataflow job.
● D. Configure the Cloud Dataflow job as a streaming job so
that it processes the log data immediately.

Correct Answer: C
Q46
You work for an economic consulting firm that helps companies
identify economic trends as they happen. As part of your analysis,
you use Google BigQuery to correlate customer data with the
average prices of the 100 most common goods sold, including
bread, gasoline, milk, and others. The average prices of these
goods are updated every 30 minutes. You want to make sure this
data stays up to date so you can combine it with other data in
BigQuery as cheaply as possible.What should you do?

● A. Load the data every 30 minutes into a new partitioned

table in BigQuery.
● B. Store and update the data in a regional Google Cloud
Storage bucket and create a federated data source in
BigQuery
● C. Store the data in Google Cloud Datastore. Use Google
Cloud Dataflow to query BigQuery and combine the data
programmatically with the data stored in Cloud Datastore
● D. Store the data in a file in a regional Google Cloud Storage
bucket. Use Cloud Dataflow to query BigQuery and combine
the data programmatically with the data stored in Google
Cloud Storage.

Correct Answer: B
Q47
You are designing the database schema for a machine
learning-based food ordering service that will predict what users
want to eat. Here is some of the information you need to store:
✑ The user profile: What the user likes and doesn't like to eat
✑ The user account information: Name, address, preferred meal
times
✑ The order information: When orders are made, from where, to
whom
The database will be used to store all the transactional data of the
product. You want to optimize the data schema. Which Google
Cloud Platform product should you use?

● A. BigQuery
● B. Cloud SQL
● C. Cloud Bigtable
● D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: B
Q48
Your company is loading comma-separated values (CSV) files
into Google BigQuery. The data is fully imported successfully;
however, the imported data is not matching byte-to-byte to the
source file. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

● A. The CSV data loaded in BigQuery is not flagged as CSV.

● B. The CSV data has invalid rows that were skipped on
import.
● C. The CSV data loaded in BigQuery is not using BigQuery's
default encoding.
● D. The CSV data has not gone through an ETL phase before
loading into BigQuery.

Correct Answer: C
Q49
Your company produces 20,000 files every hour. Each data file is
formatted as a comma separated values (CSV) file that is less
than 4 KB. All files must be ingested on Google Cloud Platform
before they can be processed. Your company site has a 200 ms
latency to Google Cloud, and your Internet connection bandwidth
is limited as 50 Mbps. You currently deploy a secure FTP (SFTP)
server on a virtual machine in Google Compute Engine as the
data ingestion point. A local SFTP client runs on a dedicated
machine to transmit the CSV files as is. The goal is to make
reports with data from the previous day available to the
executives by 10:00 a.m. each day. This design is barely able to
keep up with the current volume, even though the bandwidth
utilization is rather low.You are told that due to seasonality, your
company expects the number of files to double for the next three
months. Which two actions should you take? (Choose two.)

● A. Introduce data compression for each file to increase the

rate file of file transfer.
● B. Contact your internet service provider (ISP) to increase
your maximum bandwidth to at least 100 Mbps.
● C. Redesign the data ingestion process to use gsutil tool to
send the CSV files to a storage bucket in parallel.
● D. Assemble 1,000 files into a tape archive (TAR) file.
Transmit the TAR files instead, and disassemble the CSV
files in the cloud upon receiving them.
● E. Create an S3-compatible storage endpoint in your
network, and use Google Cloud Storage Transfer Service to
transfer on-premises data to the designated storage bucket.
Correct Answer: CD
Q50
You are choosing a NoSQL database to handle telemetry data
submitted from millions of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. The
volume of data is growing at 100 TB per year, and each data entry
has about 100 attributes. The data processing pipeline does not
require atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability (ACID).
However, high availability and low latency are required.You need
to analyze the data by querying against individual fields. Which
three databases meet your requirements? (Choose three.)

● A. Redis
● B. HBase
● C. MySQL
● D. MongoDB
● E. Cassandra
● F. HDFS with Hive

Correct Answer: BDE

Q51
You are training a spam classifier. You notice that you are
overfitting the training data. Which three actions can you take to
resolve this problem? (Choose three.)

● A. Get more training examples

● B. Reduce the number of training examples
● C. Use a smaller set of features
● D. Use a larger set of features
● E. Increase the regularization parameters
● F. Decrease the regularization parameters

Correct Answer: ACE

Q52
You are implementing security best practices on your data
pipeline. Currently, you are manually executing jobs as the Project
Owner. You want to automate these jobs by taking nightly batch
files containing non-public information from Google Cloud
Storage, processing them with a Spark Scala job on a Google
Cloud Dataproc cluster, and depositing the results into Google
BigQuery.
How should you securely run this workload?
● A. Restrict the Google Cloud Storage bucket so only you can
see the files
● B. Grant the Project Owner role to a service account, and
run the job with it
● C. Use a service account with the ability to read the batch
files and to write to BigQuery
● D. Use a user account with the Project Viewer role on the
Cloud Dataproc cluster to read the batch files and write to
BigQuery

Correct Answer: C
Q53
You are using Google BigQuery as your data warehouse. Your
users report that the following simple query is running very slowly,
no matter when they run the query:

SELECT country, state, city FROM [myproject:mydataset.mytable]

GROUP BY country

You check the query plan for the query and see the following
output in the Read section of Stage:1:

What is the most likely cause of the delay for this query?

● A. Users are running too many concurrent queries in the

system
● B. The [myproject:mydataset.mytable] table has too many
partitions
● C. Either the state or the city columns in the
[myproject:mydataset.mytable] table have too many NULL
values
● D. Most rows in the [myproject:mydataset.mytable] table
have the same value in the country column, causing data
skew

Correct Answer: B
Q54
Your globally distributed auction application allows users to bid on
items. Occasionally, users place identical bids at nearly identical
times, and different application servers process those bids. Each
bid event contains the item, amount, user, and timestamp. You
want to collate those bid events into a single location in real time
to determine which user bid first. What should you do?

● A. Create a file on a shared file and have the application

servers write all bid events to that file. Process the file with
Apache Hadoop to identify which user bid first.
● B. Have each application server write the bid events to
Cloud Pub/Sub as they occur. Push the events from Cloud
Pub/Sub to a custom endpoint that writes the bid event
information into Cloud SQL.
● C. Set up a MySQL database for each application server to
write bid events into. Periodically query each of those
distributed MySQL databases and update a master MySQL
database with bid event information.
● D. Have each application server write the bid events to
Google Cloud Pub/Sub as they occur. Use a pull
subscription to pull the bid events using Google Cloud
Dataflow. Give the bid for each item to the user in the bid
event that is processed first.

Correct Answer: B
Q55
Your organization has been collecting and analyzing data in
Google BigQuery for 6 months. The majority of the data analyzed
is placed in a time-partitioned table named events_partitioned. To
reduce the cost of queries, your organization created a view
called events, which queries only the last 14 days of data. The
view is described in legacy SQL. Next month, existing
applications will be connecting to BigQuery to read the events
data via an ODBC connection. You need to ensure the
applications can connect. Which two actions should you take?
(Choose two.)

● A. Create a new view over events using standard SQL

● B. Create a new partitioned table using a standard SQL
query
● C. Create a new view over events_partitioned using
standard SQL
● D. Create a service account for the ODBC connection to use
for authentication
● E. Create a Google Cloud Identity and Access Management
(Cloud IAM) role for the ODBC connection and shared
"events"

Correct Answer: CD
Q56
You have enabled the free integration between Firebase Analytics
and Google BigQuery. Firebase now automatically creates a new
table daily in BigQuery in the format app_events_YYYYMMDD.
You want to query all of the tables for the past 30 days in legacy
SQL. What should you do?

● A. Use the TABLE_DATE_RANGE function

● B. Use the WHERE_PARTITIONTIME pseudo column
● C. Use WHERE date BETWEEN YYYY-MM-DD AND
YYYY-MM-DD
● D. Use SELECT IF.(date >= YYYY-MM-DD AND date <=
YYYY-MM-DD

Correct Answer: A
Q57
Your company is currently setting up data pipelines for their
campaign. For all the Google Cloud Pub/Sub streaming data, one
of the important business requirements is to be able to
periodically identify the inputs and their timings during their
campaign. Engineers have decided to use windowing and
transformation in Google Cloud Dataflow for this purpose.
However, when testing this feature, they find that the Cloud
Dataflow job fails for the all streaming insert. What is the most
likely cause of this problem?

● A. They have not assigned the timestamp, which causes the

job to fail
● B. They have not set the triggers to accommodate the data
coming in late, which causes the job to fail
● C. They have not applied a global windowing function, which
causes the job to fail when the pipeline is created
● D. They have not applied a non-global windowing function,
which causes the job to fail when the pipeline is created

Correct Answer: D
Q58
You architect a system to analyze seismic data. Your extract,
transform, and load (ETL) process runs as a series of
MapReduce jobs on an Apache Hadoop cluster. The ETL process
takes days to process a data set because some steps are
computationally expensive. Then you discover that a sensor
calibration step has been omitted. How should you change your
ETL process to carry out sensor calibration systematically in the
future?

● A. Modify the transformMapReduce jobs to apply sensor

calibration before they do anything else.
● B. Introduce a new MapReduce job to apply sensor
calibration to raw data, and ensure all other MapReduce jobs
are chained after this.
● C. Add sensor calibration data to the output of the ETL
process, and document that all users need to apply sensor
calibration themselves.
● D. Develop an algorithm through simulation to predict
variance of data output from the last MapReduce job based
on calibration factors, and apply the correction to all data.

Correct Answer: B
Question #59
An online retailer has built their current application on Google App
Engine. A new initiative at the company mandates that they
extend their application to allow their customers to transact
directly via the application. They need to manage their shopping
transactions and analyze combined data from multiple datasets
using a business intelligence (BI) tool. They want to use only a
single database for this purpose. Which Google Cloud database
should they choose?

● A. BigQuery
● B. Cloud SQL
● C. Cloud BigTable
● D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: B
Q60
You launched a new gaming app almost three years ago. You
have been uploading log files from the previous day to a separate
Google BigQuery table with the table name format
LOGS_yyyymmdd. You have been using table wildcard functions
to generate daily and monthly reports for all time ranges.
Recently, you discovered that some queries that cover long date
ranges are exceeding the limit of 1,000 tables and failing. How
can you resolve this issue?

● A. Convert all daily log tables into date-partitioned tables

● B. Convert the sharded tables into a single partitioned table
● C. Enable query caching so you can cache data from
previous months
● D. Create separate views to cover each month, and query
from these views

Correct Answer: B
Q61
Your analytics team wants to build a simple statistical model to
determine which customers are most likely to work with your
company again, based on a few different metrics. They want to
run the model on Apache Spark, using data housed in Google
Cloud Storage, and you have recommended using Google Cloud.
Dataproc to execute this job. Testing has shown that this workload
can run in approximately 30 minutes on a 15-node cluster,
outputting the results into Google BigQuery. The plan is to run this
workload weekly. How should you optimize the cluster for cost?

● A. Migrate the workload to Google Cloud Dataflow

● B. Use pre-emptible virtual machines (VMs) for the cluster
● C. Use a higher-memory node so that the job runs faster
● D. Use SSDs on the worker nodes so that the job can run
faster

Correct Answer: B
Q62
Your company receives both batch- and stream-based event data.
You want to process the data using Google Cloud Dataflow over a
predictable time period. However, you realize that in some
instances data can arrive late or out of order. How should you
design your Cloud Dataflow pipeline to handle data that is late or
out of order?

● A. Set a single global window to capture all the data.

● B. Set sliding windows to capture all the lagged data.
● C. Use watermarks and timestamps to capture the lagged
data.
● D. Ensure every datasource type (stream or batch) has a
timestamp, and use the timestamps to define the logic for
lagged data.

Correct Answer: C
Q63
You have some data, which is shown in the graphic below. The
two dimensions are X and Y, and the shade of each dot
represents what class it is. You want to classify this data
accurately using a linear algorithm. To do this you need to add a
synthetic feature. What should the value of that feature be?

● A. X^2+Y^2
● B. X^2
● C. Y^2
● D. cos(X)

Correct Answer: A
Q64
You are integrating one of your internal IT applications and
Google BigQuery, so users can query BigQuery from the
application's interface. You do not want individual users to
authenticate to BigQuery and you do not want to give them
access to the dataset. You need to securely access BigQuery
from your IT application. What should you do?

● A. Create groups for your users and give those groups

access to the dataset
● B. Integrate with a single sign-on (SSO) platform, and pass
each user's credentials along with the query request
● C. Create a service account and grant dataset access to that
account. Use the service account's private key to access the
dataset
● D. Create a dummy user and grant dataset access to that
user. Store the username and password for that user in a file
on the files system, and use those credentials to access the
BigQuery dataset

Correct Answer: C
Q65
You are building a data pipeline on Google Cloud. You need to
prepare data using a casual method for a machine-learning
process. You want to support a logistic regression model. You
also need to monitor and adjust for null values, which must
remain real-valued and cannot be removed. What should you do?

● A. Use Cloud Dataprep to find null values in sample source

data. Convert all nulls to "˜none' using a Cloud Dataproc job.
● B. Use Cloud Dataprep to find null values in sample source
data. Convert all nulls to 0 using a Cloud Dataprep job.
● C. Use Cloud Dataflow to find null values in sample source
data. Convert all nulls to "˜none' using a Cloud Dataprep job.
● D. Use Cloud Dataflow to find null values in sample source
data. Convert all nulls to 0 using a custom script.

Correct Answer: B
Q66
You set up a streaming data insert into a Redis cluster via a Kafka
cluster. Both clusters are running on Compute Engine instances.
You need to encrypt data at rest with encryption keys that you can
create, rotate, and destroy as needed. What should you do?

● A. Create a dedicated service account, and use encryption

at rest to reference your data stored in your Compute Engine
cluster instances as part of your API service calls.
● B. Create encryption keys in Cloud Key Management
Service. Use those keys to encrypt your data in all of the
Compute Engine cluster instances.
● C. Create encryption keys locally. Upload your encryption
keys to Cloud Key Management Service. Use those keys to
encrypt your data in all of the Compute Engine cluster
instances.
● D. Create encryption keys in Cloud Key Management
Service. Reference those keys in your API service calls
when accessing the data in your Compute Engine cluster
instances.

Correct Answer: B
Q67
You are developing an application that uses a recommendation
engine on Google Cloud. Your solution should display new videos
to customers based on past views. Your solution needs to
generate labels for the entities in videos that the customer has
viewed. Your design must be able to provide very fast filtering
suggestions based on data from other customer preferences on
several TB of data. What should you do?

● A. Build and train a complex classification model with Spark

MLlib to generate labels and filter the results. Deploy the
models using Cloud Dataproc. Call the model from your
application.
● B. Build and train a classification model with Spark MLlib to
generate labels. Build and train a second classification
model with Spark MLlib to filter results to match customer
preferences. Deploy the models using Cloud Dataproc. Call
the models from your application.
● C. Build an application that calls the Cloud Video Intelligence
API to generate labels. Store data in Cloud Bigtable, and
filter the predicted labels to match the user's viewing history
to generate preferences.
● D. Build an application that calls the Cloud Video Intelligence
API to generate labels. Store data in Cloud SQL, and join
and filter the predicted labels to match the user's viewing
history to generate preferences.

Correct Answer: C
Q68
You are selecting services to write and transform JSON
messages from Cloud Pub/Sub to BigQuery for a data pipeline on
Google Cloud. You want to minimize service costs. You also want
to monitor and accommodate input data volume that will vary in
size with minimal manual intervention. What should you do?

● A. Use Cloud Dataproc to run your transformations. Monitor

CPU utilization for the cluster. Resize the number of worker
nodes in your cluster via the command line.
● B. Use Cloud Dataproc to run your transformations. Use the
diagnose command to generate an operational output
archive. Locate the bottleneck and adjust cluster resources.
● C. Use Cloud Dataflow to run your transformations. Monitor
the job system lag with Stackdriver. Use the default
autoscaling setting for worker instances.
● D. Use Cloud Dataflow to run your transformations. Monitor
the total execution time for a sampling of jobs. Configure the
job to use non-default Compute Engine machine types when
needed.

Correct Answer: C
Q69
Your infrastructure includes a set of YouTube channels. You have
been tasked with creating a process for sending the YouTube
channel data to Google Cloud for analysis. You want to design a
solution that allows your world-wide marketing teams to perform
ANSI SQL and other types of analysis on up-to-date YouTube
channels log data. How should you set up the log data transfer
into Google Cloud?

● A. Use Storage Transfer Service to transfer the offsite

backup files to a Cloud Storage Multi-Regional storage
bucket as a final destination.
● B. Use Storage Transfer Service to transfer the offsite
backup files to a Cloud Storage Regional bucket as a final
destination.
● C. Use BigQuery Data Transfer Service to transfer the offsite
backup files to a Cloud Storage Multi-Regional storage
bucket as a final destination.
● D. Use BigQuery Data Transfer Service to transfer the offsite
backup files to a Cloud Storage Regional storage bucket as
a final destination.

Correct Answer: A
Q70
You are designing storage for very large text files for a data
pipeline on Google Cloud. You want to support ANSI SQL
queries. You also want to support compression and parallel load
from the input locations using Google recommended practices.
What should you do?

● A. Transform text files to compressed Avro using Cloud

Dataflow. Use BigQuery for storage and query.
● B. Transform text files to compressed Avro using Cloud
Dataflow. Use Cloud Storage and BigQuery permanent
linked tables for query.
● C. Compress text files to gzip using the Grid Computing
Tools. Use BigQuery for storage and query.
● D. Compress text files to gzip using the Grid Computing
Tools. Use Cloud Storage, and then import into Cloud
Bigtable for query.

Correct Answer: A
Q71
You are developing an application on Google Cloud that will
automatically generate subject labels for users' blog posts. You
are under competitive pressure to add this feature quickly, and
you have no additional developer resources. No one on your team
has experience with machine learning. What should you do?

● A. Call the Cloud Natural Language API from your

application. Process the generated Entity Analysis as labels.
● B. Call the Cloud Natural Language API from your
application. Process the generated Sentiment Analysis as
labels.
● C. Build and train a text classification model using
TensorFlow. Deploy the model using Cloud Machine
Learning Engine. Call the model from your application and
process the results as labels.
● D. Build and train a text classification model using
TensorFlow. Deploy the model using a Kubernetes Engine
cluster. Call the model from your application and process the
results as labels.

Correct Answer: A
Q72
You are designing storage for 20 TB of text files as part of
deploying a data pipeline on Google Cloud. Your input data is in
CSV format. You want to minimize the cost of querying aggregate
values for multiple users who will query the data in Cloud Storage
with multiple engines. Which storage service and schema design
should you use?

● A. Use Cloud Bigtable for storage. Install the HBase shell on

a Compute Engine instance to query the Cloud Bigtable
data.
● B. Use Cloud Bigtable for storage. Link as permanent tables
in BigQuery for query.
● C. Use Cloud Storage for storage. Link as permanent tables
in BigQuery for query.
● D. Use Cloud Storage for storage. Link as temporary tables
in BigQuery for query.

Correct Answer: C
Q73
You are designing storage for two relational tables that are part of
a 10-TB database on Google Cloud. You want to support
transactions that scale horizontally. You also want to optimize
data for range queries on non-key columns. What should you do?

● A. Use Cloud SQL for storage. Add secondary indexes to

support query patterns.
● B. Use Cloud SQL for storage. Use Cloud Dataflow to
transform data to support query patterns.
● C. Use Cloud Spanner for storage. Add secondary indexes
to support query patterns.
● D. Use Cloud Spanner for storage. Use Cloud Dataflow to
transform data to support query patterns.

Correct Answer: C
Q74
Your financial services company is moving to cloud technology
and wants to store 50 TB of financial time-series data in the cloud.
This data is updated frequently and new data will be streaming in
all the time. Your company also wants to move their existing
Apache Hadoop jobs to the cloud to get insights into this data.
Which product should they use to store the data?

● A. Cloud Bigtable
● B. Google BigQuery
● C. Google Cloud Storage
● D. Google Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: A
Q75
An organization maintains a Google BigQuery dataset that
contains tables with user-level data. They want to expose
aggregates of this data to other Google Cloud projects, while still
controlling access to the user-level data. Additionally, they need to
minimize their overall storage cost and ensure the analysis cost
for other projects is assigned to those projects. What should they
do?

● A. Create and share an authorized view that provides the

aggregate results.
● B. Create and share a new dataset and view that provides
the aggregate results.
● C. Create and share a new dataset and table that contains
the aggregate results.
● D. Create dataViewer Identity and Access Management
(IAM) roles on the dataset to enable sharing.

Correct Answer: A
Q76
Government regulations in your industry mandate that you have
to maintain an auditable record of access to certain types of data.
Assuming that all expiring logs will be archived correctly, where
should you store data that is subject to that mandate?

● A. Encrypted on Cloud Storage with user-supplied

encryption keys. A separate decryption key will be given to
each authorized user.
● B. In a BigQuery dataset that is viewable only by authorized
personnel, with the Data Access log used to provide the
auditability.
● C. In Cloud SQL, with separate database user names to
each user. The Cloud SQL Admin activity logs will be used to
provide the auditability.
● D. In a bucket on Cloud Storage that is accessible only by an
AppEngine service that collects user information and logs
the access before providing a link to the bucket.

Correct Answer: D
Q77
Your neural network model is taking days to train. You want to
increase the training speed. What can you do?

● A. Subsample your test dataset.

● B. Subsample your training dataset.
● C. Increase the number of input features to your model.
● D. Increase the number of layers in your neural network.

Correct Answer: B
Q78
You are responsible for writing your company's ETL pipelines to
run on an Apache Hadoop cluster. The pipeline will require some
checkpointing and splitting pipelines. Which method should you
use to write the pipelines?

● A. PigLatin using Pig

● B. HiveQL using Hive
● C. Java using MapReduce
● D. Python using MapReduce

Correct Answer: A
Q79
Your company maintains a hybrid deployment with GCP, where
analytics are performed on your anonymized customer data. The
data are imported to Cloud Storage from your data center through
parallel uploads to a data transfer server running on GCP.
Management informs you that the daily transfers take too long
and have asked you to fix the problem. You want to maximize
transfer speeds. Which action should you take?

● A. Increase the CPU size on your server.

● B. Increase the size of the Google Persistent Disk on your
server.
● C. Increase your network bandwidth from your datacenter to
GCP.
● D. Increase your network bandwidth from Compute Engine
to Cloud Storage.

Correct Answer: C
Q80
MJTelco Case Study -
Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their to.pologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and 100,000
data providers with multiple flows each.
Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up to
2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
MJTelco is building a custom interface to share data. They have
these requirements:
1. They need to do aggregations over their petabyte-scale
datasets.
2. They need to scan specific time range rows with a very fast
response time (milliseconds).
Which combination of Google Cloud Platform products should you
recommend?

● A. Cloud Datastore and Cloud Bigtable

● B. Cloud Bigtable and Cloud SQL
● C. BigQuery and Cloud Bigtable
● D. BigQuery and Cloud Storage

Correct Answer: C
Q81
MJTelco Case Study -

Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and 100,000
data providers with multiple flows each.
Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up to
2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
You need to compose visualization for operations teams with the
following requirements:
✑ Telemetry must include data from all 50,000 installations for the
most recent 6 weeks (sampling once every minute)
✑ The report must not be more than 3 hours delayed from live
data.
✑ The actionable report should only show suboptimal links.
✑ Most suboptimal links should be sorted to the top.
✑ Suboptimal links can be grouped and filtered by regional
geography.
✑ User response time to load the report must be <5 seconds.
You create a data source to store the last 6 weeks of data, and
create visualizations that allow viewers to see multiple date
ranges, distinct geographic regions, and unique installation types.
You always show the latest data without any changes to your
visualizations. You want to avoid creating and updating new
visualizations each month. What should you do?

● A. Look through the current data and compose a series of

charts and tables, one for each possible combination of
criteria.
● B. Look through the current data and compose a small set of
generalized charts and tables bound to criteria filters that
allow value selection.
● C. Export the data to a spreadsheet, compose a series of
charts and tables, one for each possible combination of
criteria, and spread them across multiple tabs.
● D. Load the data into relational database tables, write a
Google App Engine application that queries all rows,
summarizes the data across each criteria, and then renders
results using the Google Charts and visualization API.
Correct Answer: B
Q82
MJTelco Case Study -

Company Overview -
MJTelco is a startup that plans to build networks in rapidly
growing, underserved markets around the world. The company
has patents for innovative optical communications hardware.
Based on these patents, they can create many reliable,
high-speed backbone links with inexpensive hardware.

Company Background -
Founded by experienced telecom executives, MJTelco uses
technologies originally developed to overcome communications
challenges in space. Fundamental to their operation, they need to
create a distributed data infrastructure that drives real-time
analysis and incorporates machine learning to continuously
optimize their topologies. Because their hardware is inexpensive,
they plan to overdeploy the network allowing them to account for
the impact of dynamic regional politics on location availability and
cost.
Their management and operations teams are situated all around
the globe creating many-to-many relationship between data
consumers and provides in their system. After careful
consideration, they decided public cloud is the perfect
environment to support their needs.

Solution Concept -
MJTelco is running a successful proof-of-concept (PoC) project in
its labs. They have two primary needs:
✑ Scale and harden their PoC to support significantly more data
flows generated when they ramp to more than 50,000
installations.
✑ Refine their machine-learning cycles to verify and improve the
dynamic models they use to control topology definition.
MJTelco will also use three separate operating environments ""
development/test, staging, and production "" to meet the needs of
running experiments, deploying new features, and serving
production customers.

Business Requirements -
✑ Scale up their production environment with minimal cost,
instantiating resources when and where needed in an
unpredictable, distributed telecom user community.
✑ Ensure security of their proprietary data to protect their
leading-edge machine learning and analysis.
✑ Provide reliable and timely access to data for analysis from
distributed research workers
✑ Maintain isolated environments that support rapid iteration of
their machine-learning models without affecting their customers.

Technical Requirements -
Ensure secure and efficient transport and storage of telemetry
data
Rapidly scale instances to support between 10,000 and 100,000
data providers with multiple flows each.
Allow analysis and presentation against data tables tracking up to
2 years of data storing approximately 100m records/day
Support rapid iteration of monitoring infrastructure focused on
awareness of data pipeline problems both in telemetry flows and
in production learning cycles.

CEO Statement -
Our business model relies on our patents, analytics and dynamic
machine learning. Our inexpensive hardware is organized to be
highly reliable, which gives us cost advantages. We need to
quickly stabilize our large distributed data pipelines to meet our
reliability and capacity commitments.

CTO Statement -
Our public cloud services must operate as advertised. We need
resources that scale and keep our data secure. We also need
environments in which our data scientists can carefully study and
quickly adapt our models. Because we rely on automation to
process our data, we also need our development and test
environments to work as we iterate.

CFO Statement -
The project is too large for us to maintain the hardware and
software required for the data and analysis. Also, we cannot
afford to staff an operations team to monitor so many data feeds,
so we will rely on automation and infrastructure. Google Cloud's
machine learning will allow our quantitative researchers to work
on our high-value problems instead of problems with our data
pipelines.
Given the record streams MJTelco is interested in ingesting per
day, they are concerned about the cost of Google BigQuery
increasing. MJTelco asks you to provide a design solution. They
require a single large data table called tracking_table.
Additionally, they want to minimize the cost of daily queries while
performing fine-grained analysis of each day's events. They also
want to use streaming ingestion. What should you do?
● A. Create a table called tracking_table and include a DATE
column.
● B. Create a partitioned table called tracking_table and
include a TIMESTAMP column.
● C. Create sharded tables for each day following the pattern
tracking_table_YYYYMMDD.
● D. Create a table called tracking_table with a TIMESTAMP
column to represent the day.

Correct Answer: B
Q83
Flowlogistic Case Study -

Company Overview -
Flowlogistic is a leading logistics and supply chain provider. They
help businesses throughout the world manage their resources
and transport them to their final destination. The company has
grown rapidly, expanding their offerings to include rail, truck,
aircraft, and oceanic shipping.

Company Background -
The company started as a regional trucking company, and then
expanded into other logistics market. Because they have not
updated their infrastructure, managing and tracking orders and
shipments has become a bottleneck. To improve operations,
Flowlogistic developed proprietary technology for tracking
shipments in real time at the parcel level. However, they are
unable to deploy it because their technology stack, based on
Apache Kafka, cannot support the processing volume. In addition,
Flowlogistic wants to further analyze their orders and shipments
to determine how best to deploy their resources.

Solution Concept -
Flowlogistic wants to implement two concepts using the cloud:
✑ Use their proprietary technology in a real-time
inventory-tracking system that indicates the location of their loads
✑ Perform analytics on all their orders and shipment logs, which
contain both structured and unstructured data, to determine how
best to deploy resources, which markets to expand info. They
also want to use predictive analytics to learn earlier when a
shipment will be delayed.

Existing Technical Environment -

Flowlogistic architecture resides in a single data center:
✑ Databases
- 8 physical servers in 2 clusters
- SQL Server "" user data, inventory, static data
- 3 physical servers
- Cassandra "" metadata, tracking messages
10 Kafka servers "" tracking message aggregation and batch
insert
✑ Application servers "" customer front end, middleware for
order/customs
- 60 virtual machines across 20 physical servers
- Tomcat "" Java services
- Nginx "" static content
- Batch servers
✑ Storage appliances
- iSCSI for virtual machine (VM) hosts
- Fibre Channel storage area network (FC SAN) "" SQL server
storage
Network-attached storage (NAS) image storage, logs, backups
✑ 10 Apache Hadoop /Spark servers
- Core Data Lake
- Data analysis workloads
✑ 20 miscellaneous servers
- Jenkins, monitoring, bastion hosts,
Business Requirements -
Build a reliable and reproducible environment with scaled panty of
production.

✑ Aggregate data in a centralized Data Lake for analysis

✑ Use historical data to perform predictive analytics on future
shipments
✑ Accurately track every shipment worldwide using proprietary
technology
✑ Improve business agility and speed of innovation through rapid
provisioning of new resources
✑ Analyze and optimize architecture for performance in the cloud
✑ Migrate fully to the cloud if all other requirements are met

Technical Requirements -
✑ Handle both streaming and batch data
✑ Migrate existing Hadoop workloads
✑ Ensure architecture is scalable and elastic to meet the
changing demands of the company.
✑ Use managed services whenever possible
✑ Encrypt data flight and at rest
Connect a VPN between the production data center and cloud
environment

SEO Statement -
We have grown so quickly that our inability to upgrade our
infrastructure is really hampering further growth and efficiency.
We are efficient at moving shipments around the world, but we
are inefficient at moving data around.
We need to organize our information so we can more easily
understand where our customers are and what they are shipping.

CTO Statement -
IT has never been a priority for us, so as our data has grown, we
have not invested enough in our technology. I have a good staff to
manage IT, but they are so busy managing our infrastructure that I
cannot get them to do the things that really matter, such as
organizing our data, building the analytics, and figuring out how to
implement the CFO' s tracking technology.

CFO Statement -
Part of our competitive advantage is that we penalize ourselves
for late shipments and deliveries. Knowing where out shipments
are at all times has a direct correlation to our bottom line and
profitability. Additionally, I don't want to commit capital to building
out a server environment.
Flowlogistic's management has determined that the current
Apache Kafka servers cannot handle the data volume for their
real-time inventory tracking system.
You need to build a new system on Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
that will feed the proprietary tracking software. The system must
be able to ingest data from a variety of global sources, process
and query in real-time, and store the data reliably. Which
combination of GCP products should you choose?

● A. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, and Cloud Storage

● B. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, and Local SSD
● C. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud SQL, and Cloud Storage
 ● D. Cloud Load Balancing, Cloud Dataflow, and Cloud
Storage
● E. Cloud Dataflow, Cloud SQL, and Cloud Storage

Correct Answer: C
Q84
After migrating ETL jobs to run on BigQuery, you need to verify
that the output of the migrated jobs is the same as the output of
the original. You've loaded a table containing the output of the
original job and want to compare the contents with output from the
migrated job to show that they are identical. The tables do not
contain a primary key column that would enable you to join them
together for comparison.What should you do?

● A. Select random samples from the tables using the RAND()

function and compare the samples.
● B. Select random samples from the tables using the HASH()
function and compare the samples.
● C. Use a Dataproc cluster and the BigQuery Hadoop
connector to read the data from each table and calculate a
hash from non-timestamp columns of the table after sorting.
Compare the hashes of each table.
● D. Create stratified random samples using the OVER()
function and compare equivalent samples from each table.

Correct Answer: C
Q85
You are a head of BI at a large enterprise company with multiple
business units that each have different priorities and budgets. You
use on-demand pricing for BigQuery with a quota of 2K
concurrent on-demand slots per project. Users at your
organization sometimes don't get slots to execute their query and
you need to correct this. You'd like to avoid introducing new
projects to your account.What should you do?

● A. Convert your batch BQ queries into interactive BQ

queries.
● B. Create an additional project to overcome the 2K
on-demand per-project quota.
● C. Switch to flat-rate pricing and establish a hierarchical
priority model for your projects.
● D. Increase the amount of concurrent slots per project at the
Quotas page at the Cloud Console.

Correct Answer: C
Reference:https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/busting-12-
myths-about-bigquery
Q86
You have an Apache Kafka cluster on-prem with topics containing
web application logs. You need to replicate the data to Google
Cloud for analysis in BigQuery and Cloud Storage. The preferred
replication method is mirroring to avoid deployment of Kafka
Connect plugins.What should you do?

A. Deploy a Kafka cluster on GCE VM Instances. Configure your

on-prem cluster to mirror your topics to the cluster running in
GCE. Use a Dataproc cluster or Dataflow job to read from Kafka
and write to GCS.
B. Deploy a Kafka cluster on GCE VM Instances with the PubSub
Kafka connector configured as a Sink connector. Use a Dataproc
cluster or Dataflow job to read from Kafka and write to GCS.
C. Deploy the PubSub Kafka connector to your on-prem Kafka
cluster and configure PubSub as a Source connector. Use a
Dataflow job to read from PubSub and write to GCS.
D. Deploy the PubSub Kafka connector to your on-prem Kafka
cluster and configure PubSub as a Sink connector. Use a
Dataflow job to read from PubSub and write to GCS.

Correct Answer: A
Q87
You've migrated a Hadoop job from an on-prem cluster to
dataproc and GCS. Your Spark job is a complicated analytical
workload that consists of many shuffing operations and initial data
are parquet files (on average 200-400 MB size each). You see
some degradation in performance after the migration to Dataproc,
so you'd like to optimize for it. You need to keep in mind that your
organization is very cost-sensitive, so you'd like to continue using
Dataproc on preemptibles (with 2 non-preemptible workers only)
for this workload.What should you do?

A. Increase the size of your parquet files to ensure them to be 1

GB minimum.
B. Switch to TFRecords formats (appr. 200MB per file) instead of
parquet files.
C. Switch from HDDs to SSDs, copy initial data from GCS to
HDFS, run the Spark job and copy results back to GCS.
D. Switch from HDDs to SSDs, override the preemptible VMs
configuration to increase the boot disk size.

Correct Answer: A
Q88
Your team is responsible for developing and maintaining ETLs in
your company. One of your Dataflow jobs is failing because of
some errors in the input data, and you need to improve reliability
of the pipeline (incl. being able to reprocess all failing data).What
should you do?

A. Add a filtering step to skip these types of errors in the future,

extract erroneous rows from logs.
B. Add a try… catch block to your DoFn that transforms the data,
extract erroneous rows from logs.
C. Add a try… catch block to your DoFn that transforms the data,
write erroneous rows to PubSub directly from the DoFn.
D. Add a try… catch block to your DoFn that transforms the data,
use a sideOutput to create a PCollection that can be stored to
PubSub later.

.
Correct Answer: C
89
You're training a model to predict housing prices based on an
available dataset with real estate properties. Your plan is to train a
fully connected neural net, and you've discovered that the dataset
contains latitude and longitude of the property. Real estate
professionals have told you that the location of the property is
highly influential on price, so you'd like to engineer a feature that
incorporates this physical dependency.
What should you do?

A. Provide latitude and longitude as input vectors to your neural

net.
B. Create a numeric column from a feature cross of latitude and
longitude.
C. Create a feature cross of latitude and longitude, bucketize at
the minute level and use L1 regularization during optimization.
D. Create a feature cross of latitude and longitude, bucketize it at
the minute level and use L2 regularization during optimization.

Correct Answer: C
Q90
You are deploying MariaDB SQL databases on GCE VM
Instances and need to configure monitoring and alerting. You
want to collect metrics including network connections, disk IO and
replication status from MariaDB with minimal development effort
and use StackDriver for dashboards and alerts. What should you
do?

A. Install the OpenCensus Agent and create a custom metric

collection application with a StackDriver exporter.
B. Place the MariaDB instances in an Instance Group with a
Health Check.
C. Install the StackDriver Logging Agent and configure fluentd
in_tail plugin to read MariaDB logs.
D. Install the StackDriver Agent and configure the MySQL plugin.

Correct Answer: D
Q91
You work for a bank. You have a labelled dataset that contains
information on already granted loan application and whether
these applications have been defaulted. You have been asked to
train a model to predict default rates for credit applicants.What
should you do?

A. Increase the size of the dataset by collecting additional data.

B. Train a linear regression to predict a credit default risk score.
C. Remove the bias from the data and collect applications that
have been declined loans.
D. Match loan applicants with their social profiles to enable
feature engineering.

Correct Answer: B
Q92
You need to migrate a 2TB relational database to Google Cloud
Platform. You do not have the resources to significantly refactor
the application that uses this database and cost to operate is of
primary concern. Which service do you select for storing and
serving your data?

A. Cloud Spanner
B. Cloud Bigtable
C. Cloud Firestore
D. Cloud SQL

Correct Answer: D
Q93
You're using Bigtable for a real-time application, and you have a
heavy load that is a mix of read and writes. You've recently
identified an additional use case and need to perform hourly an
analytical job to calculate certain statistics across the whole
database. You need to ensure both the reliability of your
production application as well as the analytical workload.
What should you do?

A. Export Bigtable dump to GCS and run your analytical job on

top of the exported files.
B. Add a second cluster to an existing instance with a
multi-cluster routing, use live-traffic app profile for your regular
workload and batch-analytics profile for the analytics workload.
C. Add a second cluster to an existing instance with a
single-cluster routing, use live-traffic app profile for your regular
workload and batch-analytics profile for the analytics workload.
D. Increase the size of your existing cluster twice and execute
your analytics workload on your new resized cluster.

Correct Answer: Cs
Q94
You are designing an Apache Beam pipeline to enrich data from
Cloud Pub/Sub with static reference data from BigQuery. The
reference data is small enough to fit in memory on a single
worker. The pipeline should write enriched results to BigQuery for
analysis. Which job type and transforms should this pipeline use?

A. Batch job, PubSubIO, side-inputs

B. Streaming job, PubSubIO, JdbcIO, side-outputs
C. Streaming job, PubSubIO, BigQueryIO, side-inputs
D. Streaming job, PubSubIO, BigQueryIO, side-outputs

Correct Answer: C
Q95
You have a data pipeline that writes data to Cloud Bigtable using
well-designed row keys. You want to monitor your pipeline to
determine when to increase the size of you Cloud Bigtable cluster.
Which two actions can you take to accomplish this? (Choose
two.)

A. Review Key Visualizer metrics. Increase the size of the Cloud

Bigtable cluster when the Read pressure index is above 100.
B. Review Key Visualizer metrics. Increase the size of the Cloud
Bigtable cluster when the Write pressure index is above 100.
C. Monitor the latency of write operations. Increase the size of the
Cloud Bigtable cluster when there is a sustained increase in write
latency.
D. Monitor storage utilization. Increase the size of the Cloud
Bigtable cluster when utilization increases above 70% of max
capacity.
E. Monitor latency of read operations. Increase the size of the
Cloud Bigtable cluster of read operations take longer than 100
ms.

Correct Answer: AC
Need to check
Q96
You want to analyze hundreds of thousands of social media posts
daily at the lowest cost and with the fewest steps.
You have the following requirements:
✑ You will batch-load the posts once per day and run them
through the Cloud Natural Language API.
✑ You will extract topics and sentiment from the posts.
✑ You must store the raw posts for archiving and reprocessing.
✑ You will create dashboards to be shared with people both
inside and outside your organization.
You need to store both the data extracted from the API to perform
analysis as well as the raw social media posts for historical
archiving. What should you do?

A. Store the social media posts and the data extracted from the
API in BigQuery.
B. Store the social media posts and the data extracted from the
API in Cloud SQL.
C. Store the raw social media posts in Cloud Storage, and write
the data extracted from the API into BigQuery.
D. Feed to social media posts into the API directly from the
source, and write the extracted data from the API into BigQuery.

Correct Answer: C
Q97
You store historic data in Cloud Storage. You need to perform
analytics on the historic data. You want to use a solution to detect
invalid data entries and perform data transformations that will not
require programming or knowledge of SQL. What should you do?

A. Use Cloud Dataflow with Beam to detect errors and perform

transformations.
B. Use Cloud Dataprep with recipes to detect errors and perform
transformations.
C. Use Cloud Dataproc with a Hadoop job to detect errors and
perform transformations.
D. Use federated tables in BigQuery with queries to detect errors
and perform transformations.

Correct Answer: B
Q98
Your company needs to upload their historic data to Cloud
Storage. The security rules don't allow access from external IPs
to their on-premises resources. After an initial upload, they will
add new data from existing on-premises applications every day.
What should they do?

A. Execute gsutil rsync from the on-premises servers.

B. Use Cloud Dataflow and write the data to Cloud Storage.
C. Write a job template in Cloud Dataproc to perform the data
transfer.
D. Install an FTP server on a Compute Engine VM to receive the
files and move them to Cloud Storage.

Correct Answer: A
Q99
You have a query that filters a BigQuery table using a WHERE
clause on timestamp and ID columns. By using bq query ""
-dry_run you learn that the query triggers a full scan of the table,
even though the filter on timestamp and ID select a tiny fraction of
the overall data. You want to reduce the amount of data scanned
by BigQuery with minimal changes to existing SQL queries. What
should you do?

A. Create a separate table for each ID.

B. Use the LIMIT keyword to reduce the number of rows returned.
C. Recreate the table with a partitioning column and clustering
column.
D. Use the bq query - -maximum_bytes_billed flag to restrict the
number of bytes billed.

Correct Answer: C
Q100
You have a requirement to insert minute-resolution data from
50,000 sensors into a BigQuery table. You expect significant
growth in data volume and need the data to be available within 1
minute of ingestion for real-time analysis of aggregated trends.
What should you do?

A. Use bq load to load a batch of sensor data every 60 seconds.

B. Use a Cloud Dataflow pipeline to stream data into the
BigQuery table.
C. Use the INSERT statement to insert a batch of data every 60
seconds.
D. Use the MERGE statement to apply updates in batch every 60
seconds.

Correct Answer: B
Q101
You need to copy millions of sensitive patient records from a
relational database to BigQuery. The total size of the database is
10 TB. You need to design a solution that is secure and
time-efficient. What should you do?

A. Export the records from the database as an Avro file. Upload

the file to GCS using gsutil, and then load the Avro file into
BigQuery using the BigQuery web UI in the GCP Console.
B. Export the records from the database as an Avro file. Copy the
file onto a Transfer Appliance and send it to Google, and then
load the Avro file into BigQuery using the BigQuery web UI in the
GCP Console.
C. Export the records from the database into a CSV file. Create a
public URL for the CSV file, and then use Storage Transfer
Service to move the file to Cloud Storage. Load the CSV file into
BigQuery using the BigQuery web UI in the GCP Console.
D. Export the records from the database as an Avro file. Create a
public URL for the Avro file, and then use Storage Transfer
Service to move the file to Cloud Storage. Load the Avro file into
BigQuery using the BigQuery web UI in the GCP Console.

Correct Answer: B
Q102
You need to create a near real-time inventory dashboard that
reads the main inventory tables in your BigQuery data
warehouse. Historical inventory data is stored as inventory
balances by item and location. You have several thousand
updates to inventory every hour. You want to maximize
performance of the dashboard and ensure that the data is
accurate. What should you do?

A. Leverage BigQuery UPDATE statements to update the

inventory balances as they are changing.
B. Partition the inventory balance table by item to reduce the
amount of data scanned with each inventory update.
C. Use the BigQuery streaming the stream changes into a daily
inventory movement table. Calculate balances in a view that joins
it to the historical inventory balance table. Update the inventory
balance table nightly.
D. Use the BigQuery bulk loader to batch load inventory changes
into a daily inventory movement table. Calculate balances in a
view that joins it to the historical inventory balance table. Update
the inventory balance table nightly.

Correct Answer: C
Q103
You have a data stored in BigQuery. The data in the BigQuery
dataset must be highly available. You need to define a storage,
backup, and recovery strategy of this data that minimizes cost.
How should you configure the BigQuery table?

A. Set the BigQuery dataset to be regional. In the event of an

emergency, use a point-in-time snapshot to recover the data.
B. Set the BigQuery dataset to be regional. Create a scheduled
query to make copies of the data to tables suffixed with the time
of the backup. In the event of an emergency, use the backup copy
of the table.
C. Set the BigQuery dataset to be multi-regional. In the event of
an emergency, use a point-in-time snapshot to recover the data.
D. Set the BigQuery dataset to be multi-regional. Create a
scheduled query to make copies of the data to tables suffixed with
the time of the backup. In the event of an emergency, use the
backup copy of the table.

Correct Answer: C
Q104
You used Cloud Dataprep to create a recipe on a sample of data
in a BigQuery table. You want to reuse this recipe on a daily
upload of data with the same schema, after the load job with
variable execution time completes. What should you do?

A. Create a cron schedule in Cloud Dataprep.

B. Create an App Engine cron job to schedule the execution of
the Cloud Dataprep job.
C. Export the recipe as a Cloud Dataprep template, and create a
job in Cloud Scheduler.
D. Export the Cloud Dataprep job as a Cloud Dataflow template,
and incorporate it into a Cloud Composer job.
.

Correct Answer: D
Q105
You want to automate execution of a multi-step data pipeline
running on Google Cloud. The pipeline includes Cloud Dataproc
and Cloud Dataflow jobs that have multiple dependencies on
each other. You want to use managed services where possible,
and the pipeline will run every day. Which tool should you use?

A. cron
B. Cloud Composer
C. Cloud Scheduler
D. Workflow Templates on Cloud Dataproc

Correct Answer: B
Q106
You are managing a Cloud Dataproc cluster. You need to make a
job run faster while minimizing costs, without losing work in
progress on your clusters. What should you do?

A. Increase the cluster size with more non-preemptible workers.

B. Increase the cluster size with preemptible worker nodes, and
configure them to forcefully decommission.
C. Increase the cluster size with preemptible worker nodes, and
use Cloud Stackdriver to trigger a script to preserve work.
D. Increase the cluster size with preemptible worker nodes, and
configure them to use graceful decommissioning.

Correct Answer: D
Q107
You work for a shipping company that uses handheld scanners to
read shipping labels. Your company has strict data privacy
standards that require scanners to only transmit recipients'
personally identifiable information (PII) to analytics systems,
which violates user privacy rules. You want to quickly build a
scalable solution using cloud-native managed services to prevent
exposure of PII to the analytics systems. What should you do?

A. Create an authorized view in BigQuery to restrict access to

tables with sensitive data.
B. Install a third-party data validation tool on Compute Engine
virtual machines to check the incoming data for sensitive
information.
C. Use Stackdriver logging to analyze the data passed through
the total pipeline to identify transactions that may contain
sensitive information.
D. Build a Cloud Function that reads the topics and makes a call
to the Cloud Data Loss Prevention API. Use the tagging and
confidence levels to either pass or quarantine the data in a bucket
for review.

Correct Answer: D
Q108
You have developed three data processing jobs. One executes a
Cloud Dataflow pipeline that transforms data uploaded to Cloud
Storage and writes results to BigQuery. The second ingests data
from on-premises servers and uploads it to Cloud Storage. The
third is a Cloud Dataflow pipeline that gets information from
third-party data providers and uploads the information to Cloud
Storage. You need to be able to schedule and monitor the
execution of these three workflows and manually execute them
when needed. What should you do?

A. Create a Direct Acyclic Graph in Cloud Composer to schedule

and monitor the jobs.
B. Use Stackdriver Monitoring and set up an alert with a Webhook
notification to trigger the jobs.
C. Develop an App Engine application to schedule and request
the status of the jobs using GCP API calls.
D. Set up cron jobs in a Compute Engine instance to schedule
and monitor the pipelines using GCP API calls.

Correct Answer: A
Q109
You have Cloud Functions written in Node.js that pull messages
from Cloud Pub/Sub and send the data to BigQuery. You observe
that the message processing rate on the Pub/Sub topic is orders
of magnitude higher than anticipated, but there is no error logged
in Stackdriver Log Viewer. What are the two most likely causes of
this problem? (Choose two.)

A. Publisher throughput quota is too small.

B. Total outstanding messages exceed the 10-MB maximum.
C. Error handling in the subscriber code is not handling run-time
errors properly.
D. The subscriber code cannot keep up with the messages.
E. The subscriber code does not acknowledge the messages that
it pulls.

Correct Answer: CD
Need to check
Q110
You are creating a new pipeline in Google Cloud to stream IoT
data from Cloud Pub/Sub through Cloud Dataflow to BigQuery.
While previewing the data, you notice that roughly 2% of the data
appears to be corrupt. You need to modify the Cloud Dataflow
pipeline to filter out this corrupt data. What should you do?

A. Add a SideInput that returns a Boolean if the element is

corrupt.
B. Add a ParDo transform in Cloud Dataflow to discard corrupt
elements.
C. Add a Partition transform in Cloud Dataflow to separate valid
data from corrupt data.
D. Add a GroupByKey transform in Cloud Dataflow to group all of
the valid data together and discard the rest.

Correct Answer: B
Q111
You have historical data covering the last three years in BigQuery
and a data pipeline that delivers new data to BigQuery daily. You
have noticed that when the Data Science team runs a query
filtered on a date column and limited to 30""90 days of data, the
query scans the entire table. You also noticed that your bill is
increasing more quickly than you expected. You want to resolve
the issue as cost-effectively as possible while maintaining the
ability to conduct SQL queries.
What should you do?

A. Re-create the tables using DDL. Partition the tables by a

column containing a TIMESTAMP or DATE Type.
B. Recommend that the Data Science team export the table to a
CSV file on Cloud Storage and use Cloud Datalab to explore the
data by reading the files directly.
C. Modify your pipeline to maintain the last 30""90 days of data in
one table and the longer history in a different table to minimize full
table scans over the entire history.
D. Write an Apache Beam pipeline that creates a BigQuery table
per day. Recommend that the Data Science team use wildcards
on the table name suffixes to select the data they need.

Correct Answer: A
Q112
You operate a logistics company, and you want to improve event
delivery reliability for vehicle-based sensors. You operate small
data centers around the world to capture these events, but leased
lines that provide connectivity from your event collection
infrastructure to your event processing infrastructure are
unreliable, with unpredictable latency. You want to address this
issue in the most cost-effective way. What should you do?

A. Deploy small Kafka clusters in your data centers to buffer

events.
B. Have the data acquisition devices publish data to Cloud
Pub/Sub.
C. Establish a Cloud Interconnect between all remote data
centers and Google.
D. Write a Cloud Dataflow pipeline that aggregates all data in
session windows.

Correct Answer: A
Q113
You are a retailer that wants to integrate your online sales
capabilities with different in-home assistants, such as Google
Home. You need to interpret customer voice commands and issue
an order to the backend systems. Which solutions should you
choose?

A. Cloud Speech-to-Text API

B. Cloud Natural Language API
C. Dialogflow Enterprise Edition
D. Cloud AutoML Natural Language

Correct Answer: C
Q114
Your company has a hybrid cloud initiative. You have a complex
data pipeline that moves data between cloud provider services
and leverages services from each of the cloud providers. Which
cloud-native service should you use to orchestrate the entire
pipeline?

A. Cloud Dataflow
B. Cloud Composer
C. Cloud Dataprep
D. Cloud Dataproc

Correct Answer: B
Q115
You use a dataset in BigQuery for analysis. You want to provide
third-party companies with access to the same dataset. You need
to keep the costs of data sharing low and ensure that the data is
current. Which solution should you choose?

A. Create an authorized view on the BigQuery table to control

data access, and provide third-party companies with access to
that view.
B. Use Cloud Scheduler to export the data on a regular basis to
Cloud Storage, and provide third-party companies with access to
the bucket.
C. Create a separate dataset in BigQuery that contains the
relevant data to share, and provide third-party companies with
access to the new dataset.
D. Create a Cloud Dataflow job that reads the data in frequent
time intervals, and writes it to the relevant BigQuery dataset or
Cloud Storage bucket for third-party companies to use.

Correct Answer: A
Q116
A shipping company has live package-tracking data that is sent to
an Apache Kafka stream in real time. This is then loaded into
BigQuery. Analysts in your company want to query the tracking
data in BigQuery to analyze geospatial trends in the lifecycle of a
package. The table was originally created with ingest-date
partitioning. Over time, the query processing time has increased.
You need to implement a change that would improve query
performance in BigQuery. What should you do?

A. Implement clustering in BigQuery on the ingest date column.

B. Implement clustering in BigQuery on the package-tracking ID
column.
C. Tier older data onto Cloud Storage files, and leverage
extended tables.
D. Re-create the table using data partitioning on the package
delivery date.

Correct Answer: B
Q117
You are designing a data processing pipeline. The pipeline must
be able to scale automatically as load increases. Messages must
be processed at least once and must be ordered within windows
of 1 hour. How should you design the solution?

A. Use Apache Kafka for message ingestion and use Cloud

Dataproc for streaming analysis.
B. Use Apache Kafka for message ingestion and use Cloud
Dataflow for streaming analysis.
C. Use Cloud Pub/Sub for message ingestion and Cloud
Dataproc for streaming analysis.
D. Use Cloud Pub/Sub for message ingestion and Cloud Dataflow
for streaming analysis.

Correct Answer: D
Q118
You need to set access to BigQuery for different departments
within your company. Your solution should comply with the
following requirements:
✑ Each department should have access only to their data.
Each department will have one or more leads who need to be
able to create and update tables and provide them to their team.
✑ Each department has data analysts who need to be able to
query but not modify data.
How should you set access to the data in BigQuery?

A. Create a dataset for each department. Assign the department

leads the role of OWNER, and assign the data analysts the role of
WRITER on their dataset.
B. Create a dataset for each department. Assign the department
leads the role of WRITER, and assign the data analysts the role
of READER on their dataset.
C. Create a table for each department. Assign the department
leads the role of Owner, and assign the data analysts the role of
Editor on the project the table is in.
D. Create a table for each department. Assign the department
leads the role of Editor, and assign the data analysts the role of
Viewer on the project the table is in.

Correct Answer: B
Q119
You operate a database that stores stock trades and an
application that retrieves average stock price for a given company
over an adjustable window of time. The data is stored in Cloud
Bigtable where the datetime of the stock trade is the beginning of
the row key. Your application has thousands of concurrent users,
and you notice that performance is starting to degrade as more
stocks are added. What should you do to improve the
performance of your application?

A. Change the row key syntax in your Cloud Bigtable table to

begin with the stock symbol.
B. Change the row key syntax in your Cloud Bigtable table to
begin with a random number per second.
C. Change the data pipeline to use BigQuery for storing stock
trades, and update your application.
D. Use Cloud Dataflow to write summary of each day's stock
trades to an Avro file on Cloud Storage. Update your application
to read from Cloud Storage and Cloud Bigtable to compute the
responses.

Correct Answer: A
Q120
You are operating a Cloud Dataflow streaming pipeline. The
pipeline aggregates events from a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription
source, within a window, and sinks the resulting aggregation to a
Cloud Storage bucket. The source has consistent throughput. You
want to monitor an alert on behavior of the pipeline with Cloud
Stackdriver to ensure that it is processing data. Which Stackdriver
alerts should you create?

A. An alert based on a decrease of

subscription/num_undelivered_messages for the source and a
rate of change increase of instance/storage/ used_bytes for the
destination
B. An alert based on an increase of
subscription/num_undelivered_messages for the source and a
rate of change decrease of instance/storage/ used_bytes for the
destination
C. An alert based on a decrease of instance/storage/used_bytes
for the source and a rate of change increase of subscription/
num_undelivered_messages for the destination
D. An alert based on an increase of instance/storage/used_bytes
for the source and a rate of change decrease of subscription/
num_undelivered_messages for the destination

Correct Answer: B
Need to check
Q121
You currently have a single on-premises Kafka cluster in a data
center in the us-east region that is responsible for ingesting
messages from IoT devices globally. Because large parts of globe
have poor internet connectivity, messages sometimes batch at the
edge, come in all at once, and cause a spike in load on your
Kafka cluster. This is becoming difficult to manage and
prohibitively expensive. What is the Google-recommended cloud
native architecture for this scenario?

A. Edge TPUs as sensor devices for storing and transmitting the

messages.
B. Cloud Dataflow connected to the Kafka cluster to scale the
processing of incoming messages.
C. An IoT gateway connected to Cloud Pub/Sub, with Cloud
Dataflow to read and process the messages from Cloud Pub/Sub.
D. A Kafka cluster virtualized on Compute Engine in us-east with
Cloud Load Balancing to connect to the devices around the world.

Correct Answer: C
Q122
You decided to use Cloud Datastore to ingest vehicle telemetry
data in real time. You want to build a storage system that will
account for the long-term data growth, while keeping the costs
low. You also want to create snapshots of the data periodically, so
that you can make a point-in-time (PIT) recovery, or clone a copy
of the data for Cloud Datastore in a different environment. You
want to archive these snapshots for a long time. Which two
methods can accomplish this?
(Choose two.)

A. Use managed export, and store the data in a Cloud Storage

bucket using Nearline or Coldline class.
B. Use managed export, and then import to Cloud Datastore in a
separate project under a unique namespace reserved for that
export.
C. Use managed export, and then import the data into a BigQuery
table created just for that export, and delete temporary export
files.
D. Write an application that uses Cloud Datastore client libraries
to read all the entities. Treat each entity as a BigQuery table row
via BigQuery streaming insert. Assign an export timestamp for
each export, and attach it as an extra column for each row. Make
sure that the BigQuery table is partitioned using the export
timestamp column.
E. Write an application that uses Cloud Datastore client libraries
to read all the entities. Format the exported data into a JSON file.
Apply compression before storing the data in Cloud Source
Repositories.
Correct Answer: AC
Q123
You need to create a data pipeline that copies time-series
transaction data so that it can be queried from within BigQuery by
your data science team for analysis.
Every hour, thousands of transactions are updated with a new
status. The size of the intitial dataset is 1.5 PB, and it will grow by
3 TB per day. The data is heavily structured, and your data
science team will build machine learning models based on this
data. You want to maximize performance and usability for your
data science team. Which two strategies should you adopt?
(Choose two.)

A. Denormalize the data as must as possible.

B. Preserve the structure of the data as much as possible.
C. Use BigQuery UPDATE to further reduce the size of the
dataset.
D. Develop a data pipeline where status updates are appended to
BigQuery instead of updated.
E. Copy a daily snapshot of transaction data to Cloud Storage
and store it as an Avro file. Use BigQuery's support for external
data sources to query.

Correct Answer: AC
Q124
You are designing a cloud-native historical data processing
system to meet the following conditions:
✑ The data being analyzed is in CSV, Avro, and PDF formats and
will be accessed by multiple analysis tools including Cloud
Dataproc, BigQuery, and Compute
Engine.
✑ A streaming data pipeline stores new data daily.
✑ Peformance is not a factor in the solution.
✑ The solution design should maximize availability.
How should you design data storage for this solution?

A. Create a Cloud Dataproc cluster with high availability. Store the

data in HDFS, and peform analysis as needed.
B. Store the data in BigQuery. Access the data using the
BigQuery Connector on Cloud Dataproc and Compute Engine.
C. Store the data in a regional Cloud Storage bucket. Access the
bucket directly using Cloud Dataproc, BigQuery, and Compute
Engine.
D. Store the data in a multi-regional Cloud Storage bucket.
Access the data directly using Cloud Dataproc, BigQuery, and
Compute Engine.

Correct Answer: D
Q125
You have a petabyte of analytics data and need to design a
storage and processing platform for it. You must be able to
perform data warehouse-style analytics on the data in Google
Cloud and expose the dataset as files for batch analysis tools in
other cloud providers. What should you do?

A. Store and process the entire dataset in BigQuery.

B. Store and process the entire dataset in Cloud Bigtable.
C. Store the full dataset in BigQuery, and store a compressed
copy of the data in a Cloud Storage bucket.
D. Store the warm data as files in Cloud Storage, and store the
active data in BigQuery. Keep this ratio as 80% warm and 20%
active.

Correct Answer: C
Q126
You work for a manufacturing company that sources up to 750
different components, each from a different supplier. You've
collected a labeled dataset that has on average 1000 examples
for each unique component. Your team wants to implement an
app to help warehouse workers recognize incoming components
based on a photo of the component. You want to implement the
first working version of this app (as Proof-Of-Concept) within a
few working days. What should you do?

A. Use Cloud Vision AutoML with the existing dataset.

B. Use Cloud Vision AutoML, but reduce your dataset twice.
C. Use Cloud Vision API by providing custom labels as
recognition hints.
D. Train your own image recognition model leveraging transfer
learning techniques.

Correct Answer: B
Q127
You are working on a niche product in the image recognition
domain. Your team has developed a model that is dominated by
custom C++ TensorFlow ops your team has implemented. These
ops are used inside your main training loop and are performing
bulky matrix multiplications. It currently takes up to several days
to train a model. You want to decrease this time significantly and
keep the cost low by using an accelerator on Google Cloud. What
should you do?

A. Use Cloud TPUs without any additional adjustment to your

code.
B. Use Cloud TPUs after implementing GPU kernel support for
your customs ops.
C. Use Cloud GPUs after implementing GPU kernel support for
your customs ops.
D. Stay on CPUs, and increase the size of the cluster you're
training your model on.

Correct Answer: C
Need to check
128
You work on a regression problem in a natural language
processing domain, and you have 100M labeled examples in your
dataset. You have randomly shuffled your data and split your
dataset into train and test samples (in a 90/10 ratio). After you
trained the neural network and evaluated your model on a test
set, you discover that the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of
your model is twice as high on the train set as on the test set.
How should you improve the performance of your model?

A. Increase the share of the test sample in the train-test split.

B. Try to collect more data and increase the size of your dataset.
C. Try out regularization techniques (e.g., dropout of batch
normalization) to avoid overfitting.
D. Increase the complexity of your model by, e.g., introducing an
additional layer or increase sizing the size of vocabularies or
n-grams used.

Correct Answer: D
Q129
You use BigQuery as your centralized analytics platform. New
data is loaded every day, and an ETL pipeline modifies the
original data and prepares it for the final users. This ETL pipeline
is regularly modified and can generate errors, but sometimes the
errors are detected only after 2 weeks. You need to provide a
method to recover from these errors, and your backups should be
optimized for storage costs. How should you organize your data in
BigQuery and store your backups?

A. Organize your data in a single table, export, and compress and

store the BigQuery data in Cloud Storage.
B. Organize your data in separate tables for each month, and
export, compress, and store the data in Cloud Storage.
C. Organize your data in separate tables for each month, and
duplicate your data on a separate dataset in BigQuery.
D. Organize your data in separate tables for each month, and use
snapshot decorators to restore the table to a time prior to the
corruption.

Correct Answer: B
Q130
The marketing team at your organization provides regular updates
of a segment of your customer dataset. The marketing team has
given you a CSV with 1 million records that must be updated in
BigQuery. When you use the UPDATE statement in BigQuery, you
receive a quotaExceeded error. What should you do?

A. Reduce the number of records updated each day to stay within

the BigQuery UPDATE DML statement limit.
B. Increase the BigQuery UPDATE DML statement limit in the
Quota management section of the Google Cloud Platform
Console.
C. Split the source CSV file into smaller CSV files in Cloud
Storage to reduce the number of BigQuery UPDATE DML
statements per BigQuery job.
D. Import the new records from the CSV file into a new BigQuery
table. Create a BigQuery job that merges the new records with
the existing records and writes the results to a new BigQuery
table.

Correct Answer: D
Q131
As your organization expands its usage of GCP, many teams
have started to create their own projects. Projects are further
multiplied to accommodate different stages of deployments and
target audiences. Each project requires unique access control
configurations. The central IT team needs to have access to all
projects.
Furthermore, data from Cloud Storage buckets and BigQuery
datasets must be shared for use in other projects in an ad hoc
way. You want to simplify access control management by
minimizing the number of policies. Which two steps should you
take? (Choose two.)

A. Use Cloud Deployment Manager to automate access provision.

B. Introduce resource hierarchy to leverage access control policy
inheritance.
C. Create distinct groups for various teams, and specify groups in
Cloud IAM policies.
D. Only use service accounts when sharing data for Cloud
Storage buckets and BigQuery datasets.
E. For each Cloud Storage bucket or BigQuery dataset, decide
which projects need access. Find all the active members who
have access to these projects, and create a Cloud IAM policy to
grant access to all these users.
Correct Answer: BC
Q132
Your United States-based company has created an application for
assessing and responding to user actions. The primary table's
data volume grows by 250,000 records per second. Many third
parties use your application's APIs to build the functionality into
their own frontend applications. Your application's APIs should
comply with the following requirements:
✑ Single global endpoint
✑ ANSI SQL support
✑ Consistent access to the most up-to-date data
What should you do?

A. Implement BigQuery with no region selected for storage or

processing.
B. Implement Cloud Spanner with the leader in North America
and read-only replicas in Asia and Europe.
C. Implement Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL with the master in Norht
America and read replicas in Asia and Europe.
D. Implement Cloud Bigtable with the primary cluster in North
America and secondary clusters in Asia and Europe.

Correct Answer: B
Q133
A data scientist has created a BigQuery ML model and asks you
to create an ML pipeline to serve predictions. You have a REST
API application with the requirement to serve predictions for an
individual user ID with latency under 100 milliseconds. You use
the following query to generate predictions: SELECT
predicted_label, user_id FROM ML.PREDICT (MODEL
"˜dataset.model', table user_features). How should you create the
ML pipeline?

A. Add a WHERE clause to the query, and grant the BigQuery

Data Viewer role to the application service account.
B. Create an Authorized View with the provided query. Share the
dataset that contains the view with the application service
account.
C. Create a Cloud Dataflow pipeline using BigQueryIO to read
results from the query. Grant the Dataflow Worker role to the
application service account.
D. Create a Cloud Dataflow pipeline using BigQueryIO to read
predictions for all users from the query. Write the results to Cloud
Bigtable using BigtableIO. Grant the Bigtable Reader role to the
application service account so that the application can read
predictions for individual users from Cloud Bigtable.

Correct Answer: D
Q134
You are building an application to share financial market data with
consumers, who will receive data feeds. Data is collected from the
markets in real time.
Consumers will receive the data in the following ways:
✑ Real-time event stream
✑ ANSI SQL access to real-time stream and historical data
✑ Batch historical exports
Which solution should you use?

A. Cloud Dataflow, Cloud SQL, Cloud Spanner

B. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Storage, BigQuery
C. Cloud Dataproc, Cloud Dataflow, BigQuery
D. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataproc, Cloud SQL

Correct Answer: B
Q135
You are building a new application that you need to collect data
from in a scalable way. Data arrives continuously from the
application throughout the day, and you expect to generate
approximately 150 GB of JSON data per day by the end of the
year. Your requirements are:
✑ Decoupling producer from consumer
✑ Space and cost-efficient storage of the raw ingested data,
which is to be stored indefinitely
✑ Near real-time SQL query
✑ Maintain at least 2 years of historical data, which will be
queried with SQL
Which pipeline should you use to meet these requirements?

A. Create an application that provides an API. Write a tool to poll

the API and write data to Cloud Storage as gzipped JSON files.
B. Create an application that writes to a Cloud SQL database to
store the data. Set up periodic exports of the database to write to
Cloud Storage and load into BigQuery.
C. Create an application that publishes events to Cloud Pub/Sub,
and create Spark jobs on Cloud Dataproc to convert the JSON
data to Avro format, stored on HDFS on Persistent Disk.
D. Create an application that publishes events to Cloud Pub/Sub,
and create a Cloud Dataflow pipeline that transforms the JSON
event payloads to Avro, writing the data to Cloud Storage and
BigQuery.

Correct Answer: A
Need to check
Q136
You are running a pipeline in Cloud Dataflow that receives
messages from a Cloud Pub/Sub topic and writes the results to a
BigQuery dataset in the EU. Currently, your pipeline is located in
europe-west4 and has a maximum of 3 workers, instance type
n1-standard-1. You notice that during peak periods, your pipeline
is struggling to process records in a timely fashion, when all 3
workers are at maximum CPU utilization. Which two actions can
you take to increase performance of your pipeline? (Choose two.)

A. Increase the number of max workers

B. Use a larger instance type for your Cloud Dataflow workers
C. Change the zone of your Cloud Dataflow pipeline to run in
us-central1
D. Create a temporary table in Cloud Bigtable that will act as a
buffer for new data. Create a new step in your pipeline to write to
this table first, and then create a new pipeline to write from Cloud
Bigtable to BigQuery
E. Create a temporary table in Cloud Spanner that will act as a
buffer for new data. Create a new step in your pipeline to write to
this table first, and then create a new pipeline to write from Cloud
Spanner to BigQuery

Correct Answer: AB
Q137
You have a data pipeline with a Cloud Dataflow job that
aggregates and writes time series metrics to Cloud Bigtable. This
data feeds a dashboard used by thousands of users across the
organization. You need to support additional concurrent users and
reduce the amount of time required to write the data. Which two
actions should you take? (Choose two.)

A. Configure your Cloud Dataflow pipeline to use local execution

B. Increase the maximum number of Cloud Dataflow workers by
setting maxNumWorkers in PipelineOptions
C. Increase the number of nodes in the Cloud Bigtable cluster
D. Modify your Cloud Dataflow pipeline to use the Flatten
transform before writing to Cloud Bigtable
E. Modify your Cloud Dataflow pipeline to use the CoGroupByKey
transform before writing to Cloud Bigtable

Correct Answer: BC
Q138
You have several Spark jobs that run on a Cloud Dataproc cluster
on a schedule. Some of the jobs run in sequence, and some of
the jobs run concurrently. You need to automate this process.
What should you do?

A. Create a Cloud Dataproc Workflow Template

B. Create an initialization action to execute the jobs
C. Create a Directed Acyclic Graph in Cloud Composer
D. Create a Bash script that uses the Cloud SDK to create a
cluster, execute jobs, and then tear down the cluster

Correct Answer: C
Q139
You are building a new data pipeline to share data between two
different types of applications: jobs generators and job runners.
Your solution must scale to accommodate increases in usage and
must accommodate the addition of new applications without
negatively affecting the performance of existing ones. What
should you do?

A. Create an API using App Engine to receive and send

messages to the applications
B. Use a Cloud Pub/Sub topic to publish jobs, and use
subscriptions to execute them
C. Create a table on Cloud SQL, and insert and delete rows with
the job information
D. Create a table on Cloud Spanner, and insert and delete rows
with the job information

Correct Answer: B
Q140
You need to create a new transaction table in Cloud Spanner that
stores product sales data. You are deciding what to use as a
primary key. From a performance perspective, which strategy
should you choose?

A. The current epoch time

B. A concatenation of the product name and the current epoch
time
C. A random universally unique identifier number (version 4
UUID)
D. The original order identification number from the sales system,
which is a monotonically increasing integer

Correct Answer: C
Q141
Data Analysts in your company have the Cloud IAM Owner role
assigned to them in their projects to allow them to work with
multiple GCP products in their projects. Your organization requires
that all BigQuery data access logs be retained for 6 months. You
need to ensure that only audit personnel in your company can
access the data access logs for all projects. What should you do?

A. Enable data access logs in each Data Analyst's project.

Restrict access to Stackdriver Logging via Cloud IAM roles.
B. Export the data access logs via a project-level export sink to a
Cloud Storage bucket in the Data Analysts' projects. Restrict
access to the Cloud Storage bucket.
C. Export the data access logs via a project-level export sink to a
Cloud Storage bucket in a newly created projects for audit logs.
Restrict access to the project with the exported logs.
D. Export the data access logs via an aggregated export sink to a
Cloud Storage bucket in a newly created project for audit logs.
Restrict access to the project that contains the exported logs.

Correct Answer: D
Q142
Each analytics team in your organization is running BigQuery jobs
in their own projects. You want to enable each team to monitor
slot usage within their projects.What should you do?

A. Create a Stackdriver Monitoring dashboard based on the

BigQuery metric query/scanned_bytes
B. Create a Stackdriver Monitoring dashboard based on the
BigQuery metric slots/allocated_for_project
C. Create a log export for each project, capture the BigQuery job
execution logs, create a custom metric based on the totalSlotMs,
and create a Stackdriver Monitoring dashboard based on the
custom metric
D. Create an aggregated log export at the organization level,
capture the BigQuery job execution logs, create a custom metric
based on the totalSlotMs, and create a Stackdriver Monitoring
dashboard based on the custom metric

Correct Answer: B
Q143
You are operating a streaming Cloud Dataflow pipeline. Your
engineers have a new version of the pipeline with a different
windowing algorithm and triggering strategy. You want to update
the running pipeline with the new version. You want to ensure that
no data is lost during the update. What should you do?

A. Update the Cloud Dataflow pipeline inflight by passing the

--update option with the --jobName set to the existing job name
B. Update the Cloud Dataflow pipeline inflight by passing the
--update option with the --jobName set to a new unique job name
C. Stop the Cloud Dataflow pipeline with the Cancel option.
Create a new Cloud Dataflow job with the updated code
D. Stop the Cloud Dataflow pipeline with the Drain option. Create
a new Cloud Dataflow job with the updated code

Correct Answer: D
Q144
You need to move 2 PB of historical data from an on-premises
storage appliance to Cloud Storage within six months, and your
outbound network capacity is constrained to 20 Mb/sec. How
should you migrate this data to Cloud Storage?

A. Use Transfer Appliance to copy the data to Cloud Storage

B. Use gsutil cp ""J to compress the content being uploaded to
Cloud Storage
C. Create a private URL for the historical data, and then use
Storage Transfer Service to copy the data to Cloud Storage
D. Use trickle or ionice along with gsutil cp to limit the amount of
bandwidth gsutil utilizes to less than 20 Mb/sec so it does not
interfere with the production traffic

Correct Answer: A
Q145
You receive data files in CSV format monthly from a third party.
You need to cleanse this data, but every third month the schema
of the files changes. Your requirements for implementing these
transformations include:
✑ Executing the transformations on a schedule
✑ Enabling non-developer analysts to modify transformations
✑ Providing a graphical tool for designing transformations
What should you do?

A. Use Cloud Dataprep to build and maintain the transformation

recipes, and execute them on a scheduled basis
B. Load each month's CSV data into BigQuery, and write a SQL
query to transform the data to a standard schema. Merge the
transformed tables together with a SQL query
C. Help the analysts write a Cloud Dataflow pipeline in Python to
perform the transformation. The Python code should be stored in
a revision control system and modified as the incoming data's
schema changes
D. Use Apache Spark on Cloud Dataproc to infer the schema of
the CSV file before creating a Dataframe. Then implement the
transformations in Spark SQL before writing the data out to Cloud
Storage and loading into BigQuery

Correct Answer: A
Q146
You want to migrate an on-premises Hadoop system to Cloud
Dataproc. Hive is the primary tool in use, and the data format is
Optimized Row Columnar (ORC).All ORC files have been
successfully copied to a Cloud Storage bucket. You need to
replicate some data to the cluster's local Hadoop Distributed File
System
(HDFS) to maximize performance. What are two ways to start
using Hive in Cloud Dataproc? (Choose two.)

A. Run the gsutil utility to transfer all ORC files from the Cloud
Storage bucket to HDFS. Mount the Hive tables locally.
B. Run the gsutil utility to transfer all ORC files from the Cloud
Storage bucket to any node of the Dataproc cluster. Mount the
Hive tables locally.
C. Run the gsutil utility to transfer all ORC files from the Cloud
Storage bucket to the master node of the Dataproc cluster. Then
run the Hadoop utility to copy them do HDFS. Mount the Hive
tables from HDFS.
D. Leverage Cloud Storage connector for Hadoop to mount the
ORC files as external Hive tables. Replicate external Hive tables
to the native ones.
E. Load the ORC files into BigQuery. Leverage BigQuery
connector for Hadoop to mount the BigQuery tables as external
Hive tables. Replicate external Hive tables to the native ones.

Correct Answer: BC
Need to check
Q147
You are implementing several batch jobs that must be executed
on a schedule. These jobs have many interdependent steps that
must be executed in a specific order. Portions of the jobs involve
executing shell scripts, running Hadoop jobs, and running queries
in BigQuery. The jobs are expected to run for many minutes up to
several hours. If the steps fail, they must be retried a fixed
number of times. Which service should you use to manage the
execution of these jobs?

A. Cloud Scheduler
B. Cloud Dataflow
C. Cloud Functions
D. Cloud Composer

Correct Answer: D
Q148
You work for a shipping company that has distribution centers
where packages move on delivery lines to route them properly.
The company wants to add cameras to the delivery lines to detect
and track any visual damage to the packages in transit. You need
to create a way to automate the detection of damaged packages
and flag them for human review in real time while the packages
are in transit. Which solution should you choose?

A. Use BigQuery machine learning to be able to train the model at

scale, so you can analyze the packages in batches.
B. Train an AutoML model on your corpus of images, and build an
API around that model to integrate with the package tracking
applications.
C. Use the Cloud Vision API to detect for damage, and raise an
alert through Cloud Functions. Integrate the package tracking
applications with this function.
D. Use TensorFlow to create a model that is trained on your
corpus of images. Create a Python notebook in Cloud Datalab
that uses this model so you can analyze for damaged packages.

Correct Answer: B
Q149
You are migrating your data warehouse to BigQuery. You have
migrated all of your data into tables in a dataset. Multiple users
from your organization will be using the data. They should only
see certain tables based on their team membership. How should
you set user permissions?

A. Assign the users/groups data viewer access at the table level

for each table
B. Create SQL views for each team in the same dataset in which
the data resides, and assign the users/groups data viewer access
to the SQL views
C. Create authorized views for each team in the same dataset in
which the data resides, and assign the users/groups data viewer
access to the authorized views
D. Create authorized views for each team in datasets created for
each team. Assign the authorized views data viewer access to the
dataset in which the data resides. Assign the users/groups data
viewer access to the datasets in which the authorized views
reside

Correct Answer: A
Q150
You want to build a managed Hadoop system as your data lake.
The data transformation process is composed of a series of
Hadoop jobs executed in sequence. To accomplish the design of
separating storage from compute, you decided to use the Cloud
Storage connector to store all input data, output data, and
intermediary data. However, you noticed that one Hadoop job
runs very slowly with Cloud Dataproc, when compared with the
on-premises bare-metal Hadoop environment (8-core nodes with
100-GB RAM). Analysis shows that this particular Hadoop job is
disk I/O intensive. You want to resolve the issue. What should you
do?

A. Allocate sufficient memory to the Hadoop cluster, so that the

intermediary data of that particular Hadoop job can be held in
memory
B. Allocate sufficient persistent disk space to the Hadoop cluster,
and store the intermediate data of that particular Hadoop job on
native HDFS
C. Allocate more CPU cores of the virtual machine instances of
the Hadoop cluster so that the networking bandwidth for each
instance can scale up
D. Allocate additional network interface card (NIC), and configure
link aggregation in the operating system to use the combined
throughput when working with Cloud Storage

Correct Answer: B
Q151
You work for an advertising company, and you've developed a
Spark ML model to predict click-through rates at advertisement
blocks. You've been developing everything at your on-premises
data center, and now your company is migrating to Google Cloud.
Your data center will be closing soon, so a rapid lift-and-shift
migration is necessary. However, the data you've been using will
be migrated to migrated to BigQuery. You periodically retrain your
Spark ML models, so you need to migrate existing training
pipelines to Google Cloud. What should you do?

A. Use Cloud ML Engine for training existing Spark ML models

B. Rewrite your models on TensorFlow, and start using Cloud ML
Engine
C. Use Cloud Dataproc for training existing Spark ML models, but
start reading data directly from BigQuery
D. Spin up a Spark cluster on Compute Engine, and train Spark
ML models on the data exported from BigQuery

Correct Answer: C
Q152
You work for a global shipping company. You want to train a
model on 40 TB of data to predict which ships in each geographic
region are likely to cause delivery delays on any given day. The
model will be based on multiple attributes collected from multiple
sources. Telemetry data, including location in GeoJSON format,
will be pulled from each ship and loaded every hour. You want to
have a dashboard that shows how many and which ships are
likely to cause delays within a region. You want to use a storage
solution that has native functionality for prediction and geospatial
processing. Which storage solution should you use?

A. BigQuery
B. Cloud Bigtable
C. Cloud Datastore
D. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL

Correct Answer: A
Q153
You operate an IoT pipeline built around Apache Kafka that
normally receives around 5000 messages per second. You want
to use Google Cloud Platform to create an alert as soon as the
moving average over 1 hour drops below 4000 messages per
second. What should you do?

A. Consume the stream of data in Cloud Dataflow using Kafka IO.

Set a sliding time window of 1 hour every 5 minutes. Compute the
average when the window closes, and send an alert if the
average is less than 4000 messages.
B. Consume the stream of data in Cloud Dataflow using Kafka IO.
Set a fixed time window of 1 hour. Compute the average when the
window closes, and send an alert if the average is less than 4000
messages.
C. Use Kafka Connect to link your Kafka message queue to Cloud
Pub/Sub. Use a Cloud Dataflow template to write your messages
from Cloud Pub/Sub to Cloud Bigtable. Use Cloud Scheduler to
run a script every hour that counts the number of rows created in
Cloud Bigtable in the last hour. If that number falls below 4000,
send an alert.
D. Use Kafka Connect to link your Kafka message queue to Cloud
Pub/Sub. Use a Cloud Dataflow template to write your messages
from Cloud Pub/Sub to BigQuery. Use Cloud Scheduler to run a
script every five minutes that counts the number of rows created
in BigQuery in the last hour. If that number falls below 4000, send
an alert.

Correct Answer: A
Q154
You plan to deploy Cloud SQL using MySQL. You need to ensure
high availability in the event of a zone failure. What should you
do?

A. Create a Cloud SQL instance in one zone, and create a

failover replica in another zone within the same region.
B. Create a Cloud SQL instance in one zone, and create a read
replica in another zone within the same region.
C. Create a Cloud SQL instance in one zone, and configure an
external read replica in a zone in a different region.
D. Create a Cloud SQL instance in a region, and configure
automatic backup to a Cloud Storage bucket in the same region.

Correct Answer: A
Q155
Your company is selecting a system to centralize data ingestion
and delivery. You are considering messaging and data integration
systems to address the requirements. The key requirements are:
✑ The ability to seek to a particular offset in a topic, possibly back
to the start of all data ever captured
✑ Support for publish/subscribe semantics on hundreds of topics
✑ Retain per-key ordering
Which system should you choose?

A. Apache Kafka
B. Cloud Storage
C. Cloud Pub/Sub
D. Firebase Cloud Messaging

Correct Answer: A
Q156
You are planning to migrate your current on-premises Apache
Hadoop deployment to the cloud. You need to ensure that the
deployment is as fault-tolerant and cost-effective as possible for
long-running batch jobs. You want to use a managed service.
What should you do?

A. Deploy a Cloud Dataproc cluster. Use a standard persistent

disk and 50% preemptible workers. Store data in Cloud Storage,
and change references in scripts from hdfs:// to gs://
B. Deploy a Cloud Dataproc cluster. Use an SSD persistent disk
and 50% preemptible workers. Store data in Cloud Storage, and
change references in scripts from hdfs:// to gs://
C. Install Hadoop and Spark on a 10-node Compute Engine
instance group with standard instances. Install the Cloud Storage
connector, and store the data in Cloud Storage. Change
references in scripts from hdfs:// to gs://
D. Install Hadoop and Spark on a 10-node Compute Engine
instance group with preemptible instances. Store data in HDFS.
Change references in scripts from hdfs:// to gs://

Correct Answer: A
Need to check
Q157
Your team is working on a binary classification problem. You have
trained a support vector machine (SVM) classifier with default
parameters, and received an area under the Curve (AUC) of 0.87
on the validation set. You want to increase the AUC of the model.
What should you do?

A. Perform hyperparameter tuning

B. Train a classifier with deep neural networks, because neural
networks would always beat SVMs
C. Deploy the model and measure the real-world AUC; it's always
higher because of generalization
D. Scale predictions you get out of the model (tune a scaling
factor as a hyperparameter) in order to get the highest AUC

Correct Answer: D
Need to check
Q158
You need to deploy additional dependencies to all of a Cloud
Dataproc cluster at startup using an existing initialization action.
Company security policies require that Cloud Dataproc nodes do
not have access to the Internet so public initialization actions
cannot fetch resources. What should you do?

A. Deploy the Cloud SQL Proxy on the Cloud Dataproc master

B. Use an SSH tunnel to give the Cloud Dataproc cluster access
to the Internet
C. Copy all dependencies to a Cloud Storage bucket within your
VPC security perimeter
D. Use Resource Manager to add the service account used by the
Cloud Dataproc cluster to the Network User role

Correct Answer: C
Q159
You need to choose a database for a new project that has the
following requirements:
✑ Fully managed
✑ Able to automatically scale up
✑ Transactionally consistent
✑ Able to scale up to 6 TB
✑ Able to be queried using SQL
Which database do you choose?

A. Cloud SQL
B. Cloud Bigtable
C. Cloud Spanner
D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: A
Q160
You work for a mid-sized enterprise that needs to move its
operational system transaction data from an on-premises
database to GCP. The database is about 20
TB in size. Which database should you choose?

A. Cloud SQL
B. Cloud Bigtable
C. Cloud Spanner
D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: A
Q161
You need to choose a database to store time series CPU and
memory usage for millions of computers. You need to store this
data in one-second interval samples. Analysts will be performing
real-time, ad hoc analytics against the database. You want to
avoid being charged for every query executed and ensure that the
schema design will allow for future growth of the dataset. Which
database and data model should you choose?

A. Create a table in BigQuery, and append the new samples for

CPU and memory to the table
B. Create a wide table in BigQuery, create a column for the
sample value at each second, and update the row with the
interval for each second
C. Create a narrow table in Cloud Bigtable with a row key that
combines the Computer Engine computer identifier with the
sample time at each second
D. Create a wide table in Cloud Bigtable with a row key that
combines the computer identifier with the sample time at each
minute, and combine the values for each second as column data.

Correct Answer: C
Q162
You want to archive data in Cloud Storage. Because some data is
very sensitive, you want to use the "Trust No One" (TNO)
approach to encrypt your data to prevent the cloud provider staff
from decrypting your data. What should you do?

A. Use gcloud kms keys create to create a symmetric key. Then

use gcloud kms encrypt to encrypt each archival file with the key
and unique additional authenticated data (AAD). Use gsutil cp to
upload each encrypted file to the Cloud Storage bucket, and keep
the AAD outside of Google Cloud.
B. Use gcloud kms keys create to create a symmetric key. Then
use gcloud kms encrypt to encrypt each archival file with the key.
Use gsutil cp to upload each encrypted file to the Cloud Storage
bucket. Manually destroy the key previously used for encryption,
and rotate the key once.
C. Specify customer-supplied encryption key (CSEK) in the .boto
configuration file. Use gsutil cp to upload each archival file to the
Cloud Storage bucket. Save the CSEK in Cloud Memorystore as
permanent storage of the secret.
D. Specify customer-supplied encryption key (CSEK) in the .boto
configuration file. Use gsutil cp to upload each archival file to the
Cloud Storage bucket. Save the CSEK in a different project that
only the security team can access.

Correct Answer: B
Need to check
Q163
You have data pipelines running on BigQuery, Cloud Dataflow,
and Cloud Dataproc. You need to perform health checks and
monitor their behavior, and then notify the team managing the
pipelines if they fail. You also need to be able to work across
multiple projects. Your preference is to use managed products of
features of the platform. What should you do?

A. Export the information to Cloud Stackdriver, and set up an

Alerting policy
B. Run a Virtual Machine in Compute Engine with Airflow, and
export the information to Stackdriver
C. Export the logs to BigQuery, and set up App Engine to read
that information and send emails if you find a failure in the logs
D. Develop an App Engine application to consume logs using
GCP API calls, and send emails if you find a failure in the logs

Correct Answer: A
Q164
Suppose you have a table that includes a nested column called
"city" inside a column called "person", but when you try to submit
the following query in BigQuery, it gives you an error.
SELECT person FROM `project1.example.table1` WHERE city =
"London"
How would you correct the error?

A. Add ", UNNEST(person)" before the WHERE clause.

B. Change "person" to "person.city".
C. Change "person" to "city.person".
D. Add ", UNNEST(city)" before the WHERE clause.

Correct Answer: A
Q165
What are two of the benefits of using denormalized data
structures in BigQuery?

A. Reduces the amount of data processed, reduces the amount of

storage required
B. Increases query speed, makes queries simpler
C. Reduces the amount of storage required, increases query
speed
D. Reduces the amount of data processed, increases query
speed

Correct Answer: B
Q166
Which of these statements about exporting data from BigQuery is
false?

A. To export more than 1 GB of data, you need to put a wildcard

in the destination filename.
B. The only supported export destination is Google Cloud
Storage.
C. Data can only be exported in JSON or Avro format.
D. The only compression option available is GZIP.

Correct Answer: C
Q167
What are all of the BigQuery operations that Google charges for?

A. Storage, queries, and streaming inserts

B. Storage, queries, and loading data from a file
C. Storage, queries, and exporting data
D. Queries and streaming inserts

Correct Answer: A
Google charges for storage, queries, and streaming inserts.
Loading data from a file and exporting data are free operations.
Reference: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/pricing
Q168
Which of the following is not possible using primitive roles?

A. Give a user viewer access to BigQuery and owner access to

Google Compute Engine instances.
B. Give UserA owner access and UserB editor access for all
datasets in a project.
C. Give a user access to view all datasets in a project, but not run
queries on them.
D. Give GroupA owner access and GroupB editor access for all
datasets in a project.

Correct Answer: A
Q169
Which of these statements about BigQuery caching is true?

A. By default, a query's results are not cached.

B. BigQuery caches query results for 48 hours.
C. Query results are cached even if you specify a destination
table.
D. There is no charge for a query that retrieves its results from
cache.

Correct Answer: D
When query results are retrieved from a cached results table, you
are not charged for the query.
BigQuery caches query results for 24 hours, not 48 hours.
Query results are not cached if you specify a destination table.
A query's results are always cached except under certain
conditions, such as if you specify a destination table.
Reference:
https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/querying-data#query-caching
Q170
Which of these sources can you not load data into BigQuery
from?

A. File upload
B. Google Drive
C. Google Cloud Storage
D. Google Cloud SQL

Correct Answer: D