FAULT NAME LED

SEVERE UNDERVOLTAGE 1，2

UNDERVOLTAGE CUTBACK 1，2

SEVERE OVERVOLTAGE 1，3

OVERVOLTAGE CUTBACK 1，3

CONTROLLER OVERTEMP
1，4
CUTBACK

CONTROLLER SEVERE
1，4
UNDERTEMP

CONTROLLER SEVERE
1，4
OVERTEMP

MOTOR TEMP SENSOR 1，5

MOTOR TEMP HOT

1，5
CUTBACK

THROTTLE 2，1

HPD SEQUENCING 2，1

MAIN CONTACTOR WELDED 2，2

MAIN CONTACTOR
2，2
DID NOT CLOSE

MAIN DRIVER FAULT 2，2

PRECHARGE FAILED 2，2

ENCODER 2，3

STALL DETECTED 2，3

MOTOR OPEN 2，4

EMBRAKE DRIVER FAULT 2，5

EM BRAKE FAILED
3，1
TO SET

EMER REV TIMEOUT 3，1

EMER REV HPD 3，2

EMR SRO 3，2

 PUMP DRIVER FAULT 3，3

PUMP SRO 3，4

VALVE DRIVER FAULT 3，5

VALVE SRO 3，6

HYDRAULIC SWITCH 3，7

FIVE V SUPPLY FAILURE 4，1

FIFTEEN V SUPPLY
4，1
FAILURE

EXTERNAL SUPPLY
4，1
OUT OF RANGE

CAN BUS LOADING 4，2

PDO TIMEOUT 4，2

PDO MAPPING ERROR 4，2

HW FAILSAVE 4，3
 SW FAULT 4，4

INTERLOCK_SRO 4，5

Alternative interlock SRO 4，6

PARAMETER MISMATCH 8，1

PARAMETER CHANGE 8，1

NV FAILURE 8，3

SUPERVISION 8，4

TILLER HANDSHAKE FAULT 8，7

GUAGE HADNSHAKE FAULT 8，8

CODE

02A012

02A012

02A013

02A013

02A014

02A014

02A014

02A015

02A015

02A021

02A021
02A022

02A022

02A022

02A022

02A023

02A023

02A024

02A025

02A031

02A031

02A032

02A032
02A033

02A034

02A035

02A036

02A037

02A041

02A041

02A041

02A042

02A042

02A042

02A043
02A044

02A045

02A046

02A081

02A081

02A083

02A084

02A087

02A088
EXPLANATION

Capacitor bank voltage dropped below the Severe Undervoltage

limit

Capacitor bank voltage dropped below the Undervoltage limit with

the FET bridge enabled

Capacitor bank voltage exceeded the Severe Overvoltage limit

Capacitor bank voltage exceeded the Overvoltage limit with the

FET bridge enabled

Heatsink temperature over +75C

Heatsink temperature below -40C

Heatsink temperature over +85C

Motor thermistor input is at the voltage rail(0 or 10V)

Motor temperature is at or above the Temperature Hot parameter

setting

Throttle input is out of range

HPD(High Pedal Disable) or sequencing fault caused by

incorrect sequence of KSI, interlock,
direction and throttle inputs
Just prior to the main contactor closing, the capacitor
bank voltage (B+ connection terminal) was loaded for
a short time and the voltage did not discharge

With the main contactor commanded closed, the capacitor

bank voltage (B+ connection terminal) did not charge to B+

Main Contactor driver is either open or shorted

Controller failed to precharge

Motor encoder phase failure detected

No motor encoder movement detected

Motor phase U,V or W detected open

Electromagnetic brake driver is either open or shorted

After the EM Brake was commanded to set and time has elapsed
toallow the brake to fully engage, vehicle movement
has been sensed

Emergency Reverse was activated and ran until the EMR

Timeout timer expired

At the conclusion of emergency Reverse, the fault was set

because various inputs were not returned to nutral

The EMR switches are turned on before KSI

Pump driver is either open or shorted

The lift switch is turned on before KSI

Valve driver is either open or shorted

The lower valve input switches are turned on before KSI

hydraulic switch problem

The voltage of internal +5V supply is upper or lower than

the threshold voltage. The Torrance is -/+10%

The voltage of internal +15V supply is upper or lower than

the threshold voltage. The Torrance is -/+10%

The voltage of external +5V or +14V is either greater than

the upper voltage threshold or lower than the lower
voltage threshold.The Torrance is -/+10%

Can communication problem

Can communication problem

Can communication problem

The hardware is defeated

The CRC code of the application is not right

The interlock switch is on before the key switch turned on

The Alternative interlock switch is on before the key switch turned

on

When the EMR Input Type is set to type 2, the switch 2 input
should be set as disable. Otherwise, the Parameter Mismatch
fault is reported

Adjustment of a parameter that requires cycling of KSI

Controller operating system tried to write to

EEPROM memory and failed

Mismatched redundant readings; damaged Supervisor

1. The handshake with Handle failed at start up.

2. The Stuffing Bit check failed while the stuffing bit check is
enabled.

The handshake with display failed at start up.

 Effect(s)

Reduce current limit

Reduce the drive current limit

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Reduced regen current limit

Reduce the drive current limit

and regen current limit

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Max Speed reduced and motor

temperature cutback disabled

Reduce drive current

Disable PWM output

Disable PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,
pump contactor and PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable EMBrake and PWM output

Disable main EMBrake and

PWM output

Disable main contactor,

EMBrake and PWM output

Disable EMBrake and throttle

Disable EMBrake and throttle

Disable EMBrake and PWM output

Disable EMBrake and PWM output

Disable EMBrake and PWM output

 Disable Horn driver

Disable pump driver output

Disable Horn driver

Disable valve driver output

None

None

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable motor, main contactor,

EMBrake, Throttle and drivers
 Disable motor, main contactor,
EMBrake, Throttle and drivers

Disable throttle

Disable throttle

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable motor, main contactor,

EMBrake, Throttle and drivers

Disable main contactor, EMBrake,

pump contactor and PWM output

Disable throttle

Motor speed reduced

Code（16AXXX） FAULT NAME
17 CAN Send Buf. OV
18 TFT Comm. Fail
33 Hand Check Fail
34 Hand Timeout
35 Lift Lower Both
36 Li_Lo Input Fail
37 ACC. Input Fail
38 Output1 Fail
39 Output2 Fail
102 NO Communication
103 NO CAN BMS MSG
104 NO CAN Controll.
 Explain
CAN message send failure
TFT screen can communication failure
handle handshake failure
handle handshake timeout
lift and lower switch both active
lift and lower switch input failure
accelerator input failure
external output1 failure
external output2 failure
CAN communication failure
Not received CAN message from BMS
Not received CAN message from controller
 Fault level instruction:The system will handle the current highest level of fault first.The fault has two levels of p
level has priority, and when the main level is same, juding the priority of the sub-level.All priorities are the same
handle the earliest failure first.

Fault Code(17A XXX) Main Level Sub Level Fault Name Fault Reason
FAULT_EEPROM_F EEPROM read or store
20 1 0
AILURE data failed.
The main loop is not
FAULT_SOFTWAR
21 1 0 executed for more than
E_FAILURE
1s.

ERROR_ILLEGAL_P Battery related parameter

22 2 0
ARAMETER exceed limits.

External crystal oscillation

25 1 0 FAULT_OSC
instability.

ERROR_I2C_INTER I2C communocation

31 1 0
RUPT_OVERTIME process timeout.

SYS_STAT_NOT_C
35 2 0 Failure protection
LEAR
triggered by AFE chip
SYS_STAT_NOT_C cannot be cleared.
36 2 0
LEAR_UP

BATTERY_01_OVE
40 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE

BATTERY_02_OVE
41 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE

BATTERY_03_OVE
42 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE
Battery Temperature is
higher than 65℃.
BATTERY_04_OVE
43 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE

BATTERY_05_OVE
44 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE

BATTERY_06_OVE
45 2 0
R_TEMPERATURE

BATTERY_01_UND
50 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E

Battery Temperature is
 BATTERY_02_UND
51 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E
BATTERY_03_UND
52 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E Battery Temperature is
BATTERY_04_UND lower than -25℃.
53 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E
BATTERY_05_UND
54 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E
BATTERY_06_UND
55 2 0 ER_TEMPERATUR
E
Abnormal battery
CHARGE_TEMPER
60 1 0 temperature during
ATURE_FAULT
charging.
WARNING_BATTE
Battery Temperature is
104 3 0 RY_OVER_TEMPE
higher than 60℃.
RATURE
WARNING_BATTE
Battery Temperature is
105 3 0 RY_UNDER_TEMP
lower than -20℃.
ERATURE
WARNING_BMS_
BMS Board temperature is
106 3 0 OVER_TEMPERAT
more than 85℃.
URE

WARNING_BATTE Battery temperature

107 3 0
RY_NTC_FAILURE sensor not connected.

WARNING_BMS_ BMS board temperature

108 3 0
NTC_FAILURE sensor open circuit.

WARNING_CHARG In the state of charge, the

109 3 0 E_INTERFACE_FA discharge current is
ULTUSE greater than 20A for 15s.

Under normal conditions,

CONTACTOR_OUT
110 3 0 the contactor is not
PUT_ERROR
enabled after power-on.

CONTACTOR_CIRC The coil of the contactor is

114 3 0
UIT_FAULT shorted.

FAULT_CONTACT The contactor still working

121 3 0
OR_SHORT after the key is removed.
 FAULT_CELL_UNB Battery voltage difference
122 3 0
ALANCE is too large.

WARNING_RENTA Remote control command

131 3 0
L_CRC_KO verification failed.

WARNING_RENTA Communication failure of

132 3 0
L_CAN_KO remote control module.

WARNING_RENTA Remote control module is

133 3 0
L_NET_KO not connected.

FAULT_CHECK_KE The key is always on

142 2 0
Y before and after charging.

FAULT_CURRENT_ Hall sensor calibration

151 2 0
OVER_OFFSET value is out of limits.
FAULT_CURRENT_
Hall current sensor
152 2 0 ADC_OVER_RANG
sampling abnormal.
E
System startup time
FAULT_START_FAI
161 1 0 timeout,may be caused by
L
AFE failure.

FAULT_BQ769_DE May be caused by poor

162 1 0
VICE_XREADY soldering of the AFE chip.

FAULT_BQ769_OV AFE detected a fault and

163 1 0
RD_ALERT Alert pin output high level

FAULT_BQ769_I2C AFE communacation

164 1 0
_FAIL failure.
FAULT_BQ769_I2C I2C write or read failed
165 1 0
_OVERTIME more than 3 times.
The battery pack voltage is
FAULT_BATVOL_D inconsistent with the sum
166 2 0
ISMATCH of the battery cell
voltages.

FAULT_BQ769_OV AFE's pin short circuit,

167 2 0
ERTEMPERATURE causing abnormal heat

Control commands sent to

FAULT_BQ769_C
168 2 0 the AFE are inconsistent
MD_DISMATCH
with feedback.

FAULT_BQ769_UN
169 1 0
KOWN_FAULT
AFE detected a fault but
the fault is uncertain.
 AFE detected a fault but
the fault is uncertain.
FAULT_BQ769_UP
170 1 0
_UNKOWN_FAULT

FAULT_BQ769_UP I2C write or read failed

171 1 0
_I2C_OVERTIME more than 3 times.

FAULT_BQ769_UP AFE communacation

172 1 0
_I2C_FAIL failure.
System startup time
FAULT_START_FAI
173 1 0 timeout,may be caused by
L_UP
AFE failure.

FAULT_BQ769_UP May be caused by poor

174 1 0
_DEVICE_XREADY soldering of the AFE chip.

AFE chip triggers

175 0 1 FAULT_BQ769_UP
undervoltage protection
_UV

AFE chip triggers

176 0 1 FAULT_BQ769_UP
overvoltage protection
_OV
The minimum voltage of
177 0 1 FAULT_BQ769_UV the battery cell is less than
the set value.
The maximun voltage of
178 0 1 FAULT_BQ769_OV the battery cell is more
than the set value.
FAULT_BQ769_SC AFE chip triggers short
179 0 0
D circuit fault protection.
AFE chip triggers
FAULT_BQ769_OC
180 1 0 overcurrent fault
D
protection.

Battery Temperature is
181 2 0 FAULT_BAT_OT
higher than 65℃.

Battery Temperature is
182 2 0 FAULT_BAT_UT
lower than -25℃.

Charging current is greater

FAULT_BAT_CHAR
than the set value, energy
183 2 0 GE_OVER_CURRE
feedback braking or short
NT
circuit occurs.
 The softeware detects that
FAULT_BQ769_UP the minimum voltage of
184 1 0
_UV_SOFT the battery cell is less than
the set value.

The softeware detects that

FAULT_BQ769_UP the maximum voltage of
185 1 0
_OV_SOFT the battery cell is less than
the set value.

The battery pack voltage is

FAULT_BATVOL_D inconsistent with the sum
186 2 0
ISMATCH_UP of the battery cell
voltages.

FAULT_BQ769_UP
AFE chip triggers high
187 2 0 _OVERTEMPERAT
temperature protection.
URE

The softeware detects that

FAULT_BQ769_UV the minimum voltage of
188 1 0
_SOFT the battery cell is less than
the set value.

The softeware detects that

FAULT_BQ769_OV the maximum voltage of
189 1 0
_SOFT the battery cell is less than
the set value.

FAULT_BQ769_SC Software triggered short

191 0 0
D_SOFT circuit protection.
FAULT_BQ769_OC Software triggered
192 1 0
D_SOFT overcurrent protection.
FAULT_BAT_SERIA
193 2 0
LNUM_ERR
There is a battery cell
FAULT_BAT_SERIA voltage not detected.
194 2 0
LNUM_ERR_UP

Two temperature sensors

FAULT_BAT_TEMP
195 0 1 detect abnormal
_KO
temperature.

ADC sample sequence

FAULT_ADC_SEQUE
240 1 0
NCE_ERROR
misalignment or internal
reference voltage anomaly.

AFE communication
241 1 0 BQ769_UP_CRC
verification failed.
 FAULT_BQ769_UP
242 1 0
_FAIL
AFE chip trigger a failure.
243 1 0 FAULT_BQ769_FAI
L
BQ769_UPDATE_T
244 1 0
OO_SLOW AFE chip sampling
BQ769_UPDATE_T timeout.
245 1 0
OO_SLOW2
AFE communication
246 1 0 BQ769_CRC
verification failed.

FLASH_WRITE_FAI Flash is in busy/programe

247 2 0
L state when writing data.

FLASH_WRITE_FO No erase operation before

248 2 0
RBID writing data.
System parameter reading
EEPROM_PARAME
250 1 0 completed, but
TER_LRC_FAIL
verification failed.
EEPROM_PARAME The obtained device
251 1 0
TER_WRONG information is incorrect.
EEPROM_COMMA EEPROM read and write
252 2 0
ND_FAIL failure.

EEPROM_COMMA EEPROM read and write

253 2 0
ND_OVERTIME operations timed out.

EEPROM_COMMA External system requests

254 2 0
ND_OVER_FLOW are too frequent.
e fault has two levels of priority, the main
All priorities are the same, the system will

How To Do
Restart or chage the BMS
board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Re-downlode the softerware or

check the parameter values.

Chage the BMS board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Chage the BMS board.

The temperature drops to the

set range and the fault will
recover.

The temperature rises to the

 The temperature rises to the
set range and the fault will
recover.

Check temperature sensor.

The temperature drops to the

set range and the fault will
recover.
The temperature rises to the
set range and the fault will
recover.
The temperature drops to the
set range and the fault will
recover.
Check whether the
temperature sensor of battery
is missing.
Check wether the temperature
sensor on the BMS connection
is missing.

Fault recovery when discharge

current is less than 10A

Replace BMS board if the

contactor is properly
connected.

Replace BMS board if the

contactor works fine.

Check if the contactor

connection is correct.
 Check if the battery bolts
fastend.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Check hardware connection.

Restart key.

Check the Hall current sensor

connection.

Check the Hall current sensor

connection.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Chage the BMS board.

AFE detected a fault

Restart or chage the BMS

board.
Restart or chage the BMS
board.

Check battery fastening bolt.

Check pin soldering.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.
 Restart or chage the BMS
board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Chage the BMS board.

Recharge the battery.

Cut off the charger in time to

avoid overcharging

Recharge the battery.

Cut off the charger in time to

avoid overcharging

Check if the external harness is

shorted.

Check if overload occers.

The temperature drops to the

set range and the fault will
recover.
The temperature rises to the
set range and the fault will
recover.

When there is no short circuit,

the alarm delay time can be
increased appropriately.
 Recharge the battery.

Cut off the charger in time to

avoid overcharging

Check battery fastening bolt.

Check if the temperature

sensor connection is fine.

Recharge the battery.

Cut off the charger in time to

avoid overcharging

Check if the external harness is

shorted.

Check if overload occers.

Check if the battery is

connected correctly.

Detect if the temperature

sensor is faulty or missing.

Chage the BMS board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.
Restart or chage the BMS
board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.
Restart or chage the BMS
board.

Restart or chage the BMS

board.

Restart key.