BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER

➥ D-dimer test is done if pulmonary embolism is

MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING suspected, its level is increased 8 times in venous
thromboembolism.
➥ Position change every 2 hours is the most effective
➥ Chest physiotherapy (CPT) has no role and is not
method of prevention of pressure ulcer in a
recommended for asthma because it is too
bedridden patient.
stressful for breathless patient.
➥ Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes. They
➥ Hallmark sign of MI includes severe pain which is
function in the humoral immunity.
not relieved by rest, position change
➥ Monteggia fracture is a fracture of the proximal
administration.
third of the ulna with dislocation of the radius.
➥ Cardiogenic Shock occurs when inadequate
➥ Compartment syndrome is a complication of
oxygen and nutrients are supplied to the tissue
fracture in this increased pressure within the
because of left ventricular failure.
myofascial compartment
➥ Cyanosis and pallor are signs of poor perfusion.
➥ Compartment syndrome is a serious complication
➥ Digitalis toxicity results in hyperkalemia.
of casting and splinting. It occurs when there is an
➥ Digoxin is contraindicated if apical pulse is below 90
increased pressure within a confined space which
beats per minute because it further decreases
compromises blood flow, and low tissue perfusion
heart rate.
occurs.
➥ Aschoff's bodies are found in myocardium in
➥ Carpopedal spasm indicates hypocalcaemia.
rheumatic heart disease.
➥ Significant elevation of ESR and C - reactive protein
➥ Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) is a hormone
(CRP) is seen during actual phase of Rheumatoid
secreted by Right Atrium.
Arthritis (RA).
➥ Great Sephanous vein and Left Internal Mammary
➥ Diet with high calcium content is usually not
Artery (LIMA) are the commonly used vein grafts in
indicated to prolonged bedridden patient with
CABG.
fracture because decalcification is already there
➥ Stones formed in Acidic urine, Uric acid stones and
and it causes further renal calculi.
cysteine stone.
➥ Curling's ulcer is a complication of burn. It is a type
➥ Spider leg appearance in IVU is suggestive of renal
of gastroduodenal ulcer caused by a generalized
cyst
stress response resulting in decreased production
➥ Inulin clearance Test: Gold standard test to
of mucus and increased gastric acid secretion.
estimate GFR (Creatinine clearance can
➥ McBurney's point is located in right lower
overestimate GFR as it is also secreted into the
quadrant of abdomen. It is situated at one-third of
proximal tubules).
the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine
➥ Furosemide (Loop diuretics) acts on the thick
to the umbilicus (navel).
ascending loop of Henle.
➥ Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is rare condition
➥ Most common cause of neurogenic bladder in
characterized by severe peptic ulceration, gastric
children: Spina bifida.
acid hyper secretion, elevated gastrin level and
➥ Hyposecretion of growth hormone in children
gastrinoma of pancreas.
results in Dwarfism
➥ Murphy's sign: Patient can't take deep breath
➥ Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults
when examiner's hand passed below the hepatic
results in acromegaly.
margin because of the pain the patient felt in
➥ Cretinism is the endocrine disorder that can lead
Cholecystitis.
to mental retardation.
➥ Clay-colored stools indicate the sign of obstructive
➥ Addison's disease is caused by deficiency of
jaundice.
corticosteroid hormone.
➥ Meckel's diverticulum is an out pouching or bulge
➥ Diabetic insipidus occurs due to the deficiency of
in the lower part of the small intestine. The bulge is
Antidiuretic hormone.
congenital (present at birth) and is a leftover of the
➥ Whipple's triad visible in Insulinoma and other
umbilical cord.
conditions causes hypoglycemia
➥ Tubercular Otitis Media → Painless Otorrhea, fails
➥ Most Common cause of viral meningoencephalitis
to respond to usual antimicrobial, multiple TM
Herpes Simplex Virus.
perforation, and pale granulation tissue present.
➥ The dosage of heparin is adjusted according to the
➥ Mulberry mucosa is seen in Hypertrophic rhinitis
activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), while
➥ Function of the iris is to regulate the size of pupil
warfarin dose is determined by the International
and allow light to pass only through the centre of
Normalized Ratio (INR).
the lens, which is optically most effective part.
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
➥ Universal donor is blood group O Negative and
universal recipient is blood group AB positive. FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING
➥ Schilling test is done for assessing parietal cell
function in case of B12 deficiency. ➥ The Z-track I.M. injection technique seals the
➥ Homan's sign (pain on forced dorsiflexion of the drug deep into the muscle, thereby minimizing
foot when the leg is raised) is classic but unreliable skin irritation and staining. It requires a needle
sign of Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT). that's 1" or longer. The needle used to draw up
➥ Telangiectasia’s (spider vein) <1 cm in diameter that the drug shouldn't be the one used to inject it.
appears bluish purple or red. ➥ Components of total parenteral nutrition
➥ Asthenia is abnormal physical weakness or lack of (TPN) are carbohydrates (glucose), amino acids,
energy.
lipids, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes.
➥ Most common tumor to metastasize to bone:
➥ Don't take blood pressure on an arm that has an
– Male →CA prostate
– Females →CA breast I.V. access device or an infusing I.V.
➥ Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a malignant condition ➥ The basilica vein is normally used for a
characterized by proliferation of abnormal giant, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
multinucleated cells, called reed-Sternberg cells. line.
➥ Spironolactone is the drug causing gynecomastia by ➥ Maslow's hierarchy of needs must be met in the
decreasing testosterone production. following order: physiologic (oxygen, food,
➥ Undescended testes are more common on Right side. water, sex, rest, and comfort), safety and
➥ Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): The lowest possible score
security, love and belonging, self-esteem and
is 3, and the highest possible score is 15 patient who’s
recognition, and self-actualization.
GCS score is 8 or less is said to be in coma.
➥ Trigeminal nerve has the highest number of branches.
➥ To avoid staining the teeth, the client should take
➥ Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux): In this a liquid iron preparation through a straw.
sensory or afferent branch primarily the maxillary and ➥ According to Virginia Henderson, "Nurses help
mandibular branches are involved. client to perform 14 basic needs."
➥ Cold caloric test is performed to assess function of ➥ Callista Roy developed the adaptation model,
brain stem. known as Roy's Adaptation Model.
➥ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive ➥ The Vital Signs are: 1. Temperature, 2. Pulse, 3.
neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in
Respiration, 4. Blood pressure, and 5. Pain.
the brain and spinal cord.
➥ Heat loss due to contact with circulating air
➥ Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic
and diastolic blood pressure. Normal is 30-50 mm Hg.
movement is known as Convection.
➥ Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) is the ➥ Normal Rectal temperature is 99.6° F (37°C) (1°F
positive pressure that will remain in the airways at the higher than oral temperature).
end of the respiratory cycle (end of exhalation) that is ➥ Rectal temperature is the most reliable.
greater than the atmospheric pressure in
➥ Relapsing fever: Fever episodes are separated
by intervals of normal temperature for days or
Mechanically Ventilated Patients.
weeks.
➥ Morphine is contraindicated in a patient with head
➥ Rigor: Sudden rise in body temperature with
injury. Morphine should only be used in head injury
shivering as seen in malaria.
patients if it is extremely essential.
➥ Cheyne - Stokes respiration is characterized by
➥ Drastic drop in blood pressure may be seen in
altered period of Tachypnoea and Apnoea.
Neurogenic Shock.
➥ Pulse deficit refers to the difference between
➥ General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is composed of
apical pulse and radial pulse.
3 stages (in sequence):
➥ A Blood Pressure Cuff that is too large will give
1. Alarm reaction
falsely low reading of BP.
2. Stage of resistance ➥ Beneficence: Doing good for clients and
3. Stage of exhaustion providing benefit balanced against risk.
➥ Trousseau's Sign is a sign of tetany in which carpal ➥ Movement of an extremity away from the body
spasm can be elicited by compressing the upper arm midline is called Abduction.
and causing ischemia to the nerves distally. ➥ Isotonic solutions allow free movement of
water across the membrane without changing

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
concentration of solutes on either side. E.g. 0.9%
NaCl. OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
➥ Hypertonic solution: Fluids with solutes more
➥ Normal Position of Uterus is Anteversion and
concentrated than in cells, e.g. 5% dextrose.
Anteflexion.
➥ The order of techniques during physical
➥ The uterus weight varies from 50-80 g, and
examination (except abdominal exam) is
average is 60 g.
Inspection - Palpation - Percussion -
➥ Fallopian tube is divided into 4 parts that is
Auscultation.
interstitial, isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum.
➥ Surgical asepsis or "sterile technique" is used
➥ The term parturition refers to the process of
in surgery and invasive procedure and medical
giving birth to a child including both labor and
asepsis or "clean technique" that involves
delivery.
procedures to reduce the number and
➥ A parturient is a woman in labor.
transmission of pathogens.
➥ Development of mature ovum is called
➥ Gently pulling and inverting Gloves when
oogenesis.
removing them decreases the risk of spreading
➥ Fertilization occurs in ampullary part of the
the pathogens.
fallopian tube.
➥ Taping the Foley catheter to upper thigh helps to
➥ Fertilizable life span of oocyte ranges from 12 to
prevent accidental removal, decreases the
24 hours.
trauma to urethra/bladder.
➥ Penetration of zona pellucida is facilitated by the
➥ Common indication of infiltration of a peripheral
release of hyaluronidase from the acrosomal
intravenous infusion is cool skin distal to the
cap.
insertion site. Other signs include swelling,
➥ Fetal membrane consists of two layers known as
burning sensation, discomfort and feeling of
the outer chorion and inner amnion.
tightness.
➥ Amniotic fluid appears dark-brown color in
➥ Hand washing is the single most effective
intrauterine death.
method of prevention of microorganism transfer
➥ L: S ration of 2:1 in the liquor amnii signifies full
from one person to another in hospital setting.
maturity of the fetal lungs.
➥ Mask is the only PPE needed when the nurse is
➥ Human chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is
assigned to a patient who has a bacterial
secreted by the syncytiotrophoblastic cell.
pneumonia and is precautions (if no other
➥ Chadwick’s sign: purplish discoloration of
indications).
vaginal mucosa visible at 8th week of pregnancy.
➥ Factors that can produce falsely low reading of
➥ Lightning: Decrease in fundal height a few
Oxygen saturation (Spo2) by pulse oximetry
weeks before onset of labor in known as
(SaO2) include meth. Anemia, inadequate
lightening (38th week).
peripheral circulation, blue or green nail polish
➥ Chloasma appears at 24 weeks of pregnancy.
and edema.
➥ Linea nigra is visible as early as 20th week of
➥ Adult Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) decreases
pregnancy.
with an increase in body fat. Normal BMR in
➥ Fetal heart sound is the most conclusive clinical
women is 1493 calories and Normal BMR in Men
sign of pregnancy.
is 1662. Calories
➥ Pawlik’s grip is the 3rd obstetric grips on
➥ Patient's position to perform colonoscopy is the
abdominal examination.
left lateral position (LLP).
➥ Pelvic grip is also known as Leopold
➥ Vastus lateralis muscle is the preferred site of
manoeuvres.
Intramuscular Injections in infants.
➥ Biparietal diameter of fetal head measure about
➥ Maximum volume of medication for a single IM
9.5cm.
injection in adult is 5 ml.
➥ Prenatal check-ups:
➥ Palliative treatment is to relieve symptom and
* 1-7 Months: Once a month
improve quality of life.
* 8th Month: Twice a month
➥ Components of SOAP format is Subjective data,
* 9th Month: Every week
Objective data, Assessment and Plan.
➥ Amniocentesis is preformed between 14 and 16
weeks of pregnancy.
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
➥ Cordo Centesis is also known as percutaneous
umbilical blood sampling. PEDIATRIC NURSING
➥ Contraction stress Test (CST) is to observe the
response of the fetus at risk for uteroplacental ➥ The baby attains four times of its birth weight by
insufficiency in relation to uterine contraction. two years and 5 times by three years of age.
➥ False labor pain is manifested by: ➥ The chest circumference (31 cm approx.) is about
* Abdominal discomfort 3 cm less than the head circumference at the
* Contractions irregular in nature time of birth.
* Contractions lessen with activity or rest ➥ In Children arm span is greater than height in
* Cervical dilation is not seen in false pains Marfan syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome and
* Pain is relieved by enema homocystinuria.
➥ Puerperium period starts from after delivery up to ➥ Arm span is less than height in Achondroplasia,
the 6 weeks. cretinism.
➥ There are three types of Lochia. They are: ➥ Instrument used for measurement of skin fold
* Lochia Rubra (1-4 days)
thickness is Lange’s or harpenden’s skin fold
* Lochia Serosa (5-9 days)
collipers.
* Lochia Alba (10-15days)
➥ Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual development
➥ Lochia rubra consists of blood, shreds of fetal
defined the terms id, Ego and superego.
membranes and decidua, Vernix caseosa, lanugo
and meconium. ➥ Negativism is commonly seen in young children
➥ The immunoglobulin present in colostrum’s is lgA. (Toddlers). It is a behavior characterized by the
➥ Oxytocin in the major Galactokinesis (milk ejection) tendency to resist direction from others, and
hormones. refusal to comply with requests.
➥ Prolactin appears to be the single most important ➥ A new-born’s temperature on an average ranges
galactopoietic (10mg TSD). from 36.5 to 37.5C.
➥ An ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ➥ Baby’s birth weight doubles at 5–6 months of
ovum is implanted and develops outside the age.
normal endometrial cavity. ➥ Spina bifida occulta is a malformation of one or
➥ Polyhydramnios is a state where liquor amnii more vertebrae, it is also called closed or hidden
exceeds 2000 mL. Spina bifida.
➥ HELLP Syndrome: Haemolysis, Elevated Liver ➥ Reye’s syndrome is associated with the use of
enzyme, low platelet count. aspirin with viral illness. Reye’s syndrome most
➥ Magnesium sulphate is the drug of choice in often affects Children. It causes Swelling in the
eclampsia to control fits. liver and brain.
➥ Calcium gluconate is the drug of choice to treat
➥ Injection vitamin K is routinely administered to a
magnesium sulphate toxicity.
newborn to prevent bleeding.
➥ Labor occurs after 20 weeks but before 37 weeks is
➥ Foramen ovale is a structure with functional
termed as preterm labor.
closure immediately after birth.
➥ Folic acid supplementation will reduce the
incidence of Neural Tube Defects (NTD).
➥ After the closure ductus venous is known as
➥ Rooming-in promotes maternal-infant bonding. Ligamentum venosum.
➥ Bishop’s score parameter includes cervical dilatation, ➥ Myoclonic seizure is the most common type of
effacement, consistency, position and station of head. seizure occurring in newborn.
➥ Tocolytics (terbutaline) 0.25mg SC are used when ➥ Total lung capacity in newborn is 150 ml.
uterus is hypertonic and there is non-reassuring FHR. ➥ Immunoglobulin present in breast milk is igA.
➥ Radical mastectomy refers to removal of breast’s, ➥ According to WHO childhood severe acute
pectoral muscle, pectoral fascia and nodes.
Malnutrition (SAM) is diagnosed when the
➥ Cessation of menses in women is due to the inability
weight- for-height.
of the ovary to respond to gonadotropic hormone.
➥ Excessive menstrual bleeding is the most common ➥ Vaccine of diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids and
side effects of IUDs. pertussis (DTP) is contraindicated in progressive
➥ Circlage Operation (encircling cervix with suture) is neurological illness.
done for patients with incompetent cervix. ➥ DTP vaccine should be stored at 4–8C
➥ Diaper rashes most commonly caused by
staphylococcus aureus.
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
➥ In neural tube defect the following markers
increase in the amniotic fluid: PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
– Alpha feto protein
➥ Psykhe: - Mind
– Ach esterase
Iatreia: - Healing
➥ Plantar grasp disappears in infant around 9 to
➥ Psychiatry is a branch of medicine which deals with
12 months of age. It is last neonatal reflex to prevention, diagnosis & Treatment of mental disorder.
disappear. ➥ Indian mental Health act 22 may 1987.
➥ Rooting reflex in infant disappears at 3 to 4 ➥ Indian Mental Health Care act – 7 April 2017.
months. ➥ National mental health programme in 1982.
➥ Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a combination of ➥ Narcotic Drug & Psycho active substance act (NDPSA)
four heart defects present at the time of birth, It 1985.
includes ventricular septal defect (VSD), ➥ Indian lunacy Act-1912.
Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS), overriding of ➥ Euthymia normal state of emotion.
aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). ➥ Withdrawal symptom of alcohol include delirium
➥ Most infants before 27 weeks of gestation tremors, alcoholic fit, alcoholic hallucinosis
develop respiratory distress syndrome which is ➥ Korsakoff psychosis is complication of alcohol abuse
associated with surfactant deficiency. ➥ Long term use of alcohol can cause lack vitamin B1.
➥ Lack of stridor and adventitious breath sounds ➥ Cage quaternaries use to screen alcoholism.
are the sings of shaken baby syndrome. ➥ Pupillary dilation seen after Withdrawal of opioids.
➥ Drug used to keep patent ductus arteriosus ➥ Pin point pupil seen after intoxication of opioid.
(PDA) open is PGE1 (Misoprostol). ➥ Memory Hippocampus Responsible For Long Term
Memory.
➥ Projectile vomiting is a classic symptom of
➥ Perception is experienced by a person through
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
various senses such as vision, auditory, taste, olfactory
➥ Group A –Hemolytic streptococcus is the
tactile.
causative organisms for rheumatic fever.
➥ Misperception Mistaking the rope for a snake in the
➥ Term used for undescended testis is dark.
cryptorchidism. ➥ Decrease psychomotor activity characterized in
➥ Red urine without RBC is seen in depression.
Rhabdomyolysis. ➥ Psychosis (Major):- Psychosis are the major mental
➥ Trisomy 18 is identified as Edward’s syndrome. illness which usually required Hospitalization.
➥ Trisomy 21 is identified as Down’s syndrome. ➥ Neurosis (Minor) Neurosis are the mental disorder
➥ Chvostek’s sign and trousseau sings are seen which usually does not required Hospitalization.
in hypocalcemia. ➥ Delirium: - it is the organic psychosis characterized by
➥ An axillary temperature should be taken for 3 episode of clouded consciousness and visual
minutes. hallucination.
➥ Site of lesion in polio is ventral horn of spinal ➥ World Alzheimer’s day 21 September.
cord. ➥ 4 A Symptoms (SCHIZOPHRENIA)
➥ Normal adult hemoglobin contains two alpha (A) Associative Disturbance or looseness
chains and two beta chains. (B) Autism
(C) Affect Inappropriate
➥ Double bubble sign in the X–ray is suggestive of
(D) Ambivalence
duodenal atresia.
➥ Mania is characterized by Delusion of grandiosity
➥ Brudzinski’s sign: Hips and knees to flex when
present.
the neck is flexed.
➥ Lithium therapy: - Drug of choice for the treatment of
➥ Kernig’s sing: Inability to straighten the leg Mania.
when the hip is flexed to 90. ➥ Hallucination: - False perception in the absence of actual
stimuli
➥ Delusion is Persistent & unshakable belief.
➥ Tactile hallucination in cocaine abuser.
➥ Doc in alcohol management is chlordiazepoxide [Librium]
➥ Antidote of alcohol Fomepizole.
➥ Antidote of opioid Naloxone.
➥ Naloxone challenge test used in a treatment of opioid.
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING NUTRITION & BIOCHEMISTRY

➥ Schick test is definite Diagnostic test for Diphtheria.
Wt. (Kg)
➥ Diphtheria and whooping cough transmission by ➥ Body mass index =
Droplet infection Hight (M2)
➥ Vasectomy means-Male Sterilization. ➥ All essential amino acids are present in egg.
➥ Aspermia develops after 2-3 month of Vasectomy.
➥ Reserved food of energy in glycogen.
➥ Tubectomy is a permanent contraceptive method for
females. ➥ 1 gm. fat provide 9 k Cal. energy.
➥ Red Cross Society was founded by Henari dunet. ➥ Vitamin A deficiency is the most common
➥ Mortality rate means - Death Rate. cause of blindness in children.
➥ IMR is good indicator of Health Care Services.
➥ Deficiency of vitamin B1 is Cause Beriberi.
➥ Prematurity is most common cause of infant
mortality. ➥ Iron folic acid tablet contain 100 mg Iron+500
➥ CHC is first referral unit. mg folic acid ad given for 100 days.
➥ 8 May, 1980 WHO declared small pox free world.
➥ Haemorrhagic disease occur due to deficiency
➥ 3000-5000 population covered by one sub center.
➥ 20,000-30,000 population covered by one PHC. of vitamin K.
➥ 80,000-1, 20,000 population covered by one CHC. ➥ Dental fluorosis is most common in 1 to 7
➥ Measles, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, T.B. & year of age.
Hepatitis-B (Seven Killer Disease).
➥ FLAG sign is seen in Kwashiorkor.
➥ Best Time for IUD Insertion is First 10 Days of
Menstrual Cycle (7-10 Days). ➥ Ragi is the chief source of calcium.
➥ “Today” Contain Nonoxynol-9. ➥ Potato is main source of Vitamin–A
➥ BCG Vaccine dilute in normal saline. ➥ Galactosemia = Presence of Galactose in the
➥ Vector born disease: - dengue, malaria, Chikungunya,
blood of newly born child due to absence of
filarial, JE, kala azar.
➥ Koplik's spots are seen in measles enzyme Galactose 1 Phosphate uridy 1
➥ In Pre-eruptive Stage of measles - Fever, sneezing, transferees, which convert Galactose into
nasal discharge, cough, redness of eyes, lacrimation &
glucose.
Koplik's spots
➥ Immunization for measles live attenuated vaccine is
➥ 100 gm. of human milk provides = 67 Kcal
given at 9 months of age and Immunity develops after ➥ 100 gm. buffalo milk provides = 117 Kcal
11-12 days. ➥ Increase in 1 F body temp=7% BMP increases
➥ 1. Rifampicin (R- 450mg): The medicine should be
➥ Synthesized in out body and the sunlight
taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after food .Patient may
complain of nausea and dark red colour of urine. exposure, using ultraviolet light & cholesterol
2. INH (Isoniazid) - 600 mg, may causes peripheral in the skin.
neuropathy or liver damage ➥ Vit. E Chemical name Tocopherol
3. Streptomycin: contraindicated in pregnancy. May
➥ Vitamin – E is the most important anti-oxidant
Causes of toxicity/ Nystagmus.
4. Pyrazinamide (Z 1500mg): May causes in the cell & prevent cell membrane
Hepatotoxicity destruction of RBC haemolysis.
5. Ethambutol (E 1200mg): Bacteriostatic, Can cause
➥ Vitamin– K1 = Phyllo Quinone synthesized by
neuritis so contraindicated in children below 6 years.
➥ Malaria is protozoal disease caused by infection with
plant.
parasite of genus plasmodium. (Malaria P vivax, P. ➥ Structural protein is Keratin of hair & nails.
falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale) ➥ Hormonal protein is Insulin, Growth hormone.
➥ Life cycle of malaria take place in Human cycle
(Asexual cycle) and Mosquito cycle (Sexual cycle)
➥ Cold Stage, Hot Stage and Sweating Stage of fever are
present in malaria.

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MICROBIOLOGY NSG MANAGEMENT AND

RESEARCH, NSG EDUCATION
➥ Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) is considered as the
father of microbiology ➥ Father of Scientific Management is
➥ Robert Koch is known as father of FREDERICWINSLOW TAYLOR
bacteriology. ➥ HENRI FEYOL: - 14 principles of management.
➥ Karl Landsteiner discovered ABO blood ➥ Max Weber: - Theory of Bureaucracy
➥ Esprit de corps" refers to Sense of belonging. It
groups.
is one of the Fayol's 14 Source of management.
➥ Alexander Fleming discovered the drug ➥ Inventory Control: Stocking adequate numbers
penicillin. and kinds of stores, so that the required material
➥ Temperature and time required in hot air oven is available whenever necessary
➥ Headquarters of International Nursing Council is
is 160°C for 2 hours for sterilization.
in Geneva.
➥ Temperature and time required in autoclave is
➥ Laissez-faire leadership (delegative
121°C for 30 minutes at a reassure of 15 leadership): Leader is hands-off and allows
pounds per square inch. group members to make the decisions. The
➥ IgE mediate type-1 hypersensitivity reactions. leader has absolutely no control.
➥ SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses,
➥ Hepatitis B is caused by DNA virus and all other
opportunities and threats.
type of hepatitis is caused by RNA virus.
➥ Vertical communication: Information flows
➥ Dapsone was the first drug discovered to treat between or among subordinates and superiors
leprosy. of the organization.
➥ Knoll and Ruska developed electron ➥ Horizontal communication: Exchange of
Information across departments at same level in
microscope.
an organization (similar hierarchical
➥ Hanging Drop Method is used to observe the departments).
motility of a microbe. ➥ Upward communication: Communication
➥ Physician–induced infections resulting from proceeds from lower level to upper level.
investigative, therapeutic and other procedure ➥ Inventory control is the process of maintaining
the optimum needed quantity that is sufficient
like surgery is called iatrogenic infection.
for the smooth operation of the organization.
➥ Clostridium Perfringens causes gas ➥ VED stands for Vital, Essential and Desirable.
gangrene. ➥ Ward in-charge Nurse (head nurse) is
➥ Widal test is the specific diagnostic test for responsible for inventory control at lower
typhoid fever. managerial level.
➥ Replacement: There must be a regular system
➥ T. Palladium is the causative agent of syphilis.
of replacing certain items when they are broken
➥ VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) or of no use before new ones are supplied.
test is done for the diagnosis of syphilis. ➥ Democratic leadership: Whole team is involved
➥ Ziehl Neelsen stain is also known as acid-fast in formulating decision.
stain. ➥ Autocratic leadership: Leader alone
establishing policies and making plans. The
➥ In Monteux test, purified protein derivative
criteria used by him is "Do what I say or else..."
(PPD) is injected Intradermal. Erythema, ➥ Laissez-faire leadership: This is also known as
Edema and Induration suggestive of positive delegative leadership in which leaders are
manteaux test. hands-off and allow group members to make the
decisions. The leader has absolutely no control.
➥ E. coli is a Gram negative motile bacilli.
➥ World Health Organization (WHO) was
constituted in the year 1947.

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
➥ WHO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. ➥ Ordinal level of measurement ranks items
➥ The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is based on their relative standing on a specific
headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. attribute. The degree of difference between
➥ A planned schedule of duty hours of nurses is items cannot be measured. Examples: Income:
referred to as Duty Roaster. low, middle, upper. Disease status: Mild,
➥ The INC standard for Teacher: UG Students ratio Moderate, Severe.
for nursing colleges is 1:10. ➥ Ratio represents continuous values. The
➥ A research proposal is a document proposing a degree of difference and ratio between each
research project. item can be measured. Examples: height, weight,
➥ Validity: Degree to which an instrument distance.
measures what it is intended to measure. ➥ Ratio scale has a constant interval and a true
➥ Hypothesis is a statement of tentative prediction zero point.
of relationship between two variables. ➥ Pedagogy is a child focused teaching approach.
➥ Simple hypothesis - Predicts relationship ➥ Andragogy is adult-focused teaching approach.
between two variables. ➥ The International Council of Nurses (ICN) was
➥ Complex hypothesis-predicts relationship established in 1899.
between more than two variables. ➥ Indian Nursing Council is a national regulatory
➥ Null hypothesis-states that there is no body for nurses and nursing education in India.
relationship between variables. ➥ Indian Nursing Council was established by Government
➥ Directional hypothesis-Statement specifies the of India under section 3(1) of the INC Act 1947.
direction of change, e.g. exercise therapy will ➥ Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI) was
reduce weight in obese individuals. established in the year 1908.
➥ Non-directional hypothesis-statement does ➥ BSc Nursing program was first started in India in
not specify the direction of change. For example, the year 1946 in Christian Medical College (CMC),
Vitamin C administration affects iron absorption Vellore and Kaur (RAK) College of Nursing at
in the guts. Delhi University.
➥ External validity denotes the results of a study ➥ MSc nursing program was first started at RAK
which can be generalized across the situations, College of Nursing in the year 1959.
stimuli and people. ➥ Sizes of the flash cards are 10" x 12" or 22" x 28".
➥ Internal validity refers to the extent in which It is ideal for a group of 20 to 30 people.
the evidence supports the claim in regard to ➥ Questions that require the respondents to make
cause and effect, within the context of that study. a choice between more than two responses
➥ A "Research Design" is a framework or called Multiple choice Questions.
blueprint for conducting the research. ➥ Teacher: Student ratio recommended by Indian
➥ Qualitative research designs include Nursing Council is 1:10.
phenomenology, ethnography, grounded ➥ The four Cs of Curriculum are Cooperative,
theory, historical research, and case study. Continuous, Comprehensive and Concrete.
➥ A pilot study is a research study conducted on a
small scale before the intended study. TRIAGE SYSTEM
➥ Bio-physiological method of data collection is
most reliable and accurate method.
➥ A dichotomous variable is a nominal variable that
have only two categories or values. Example:
Gender (male and female).
➥ A careful appraisal of the strengths and
weaknesses of the study is known as Research
critique.
➥ Nominal measurement consists of categories
that are not more or less than each other but are
different from one another. Example: gender:
male, female. Religion: Hindu, Muslim, Christian.

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
CRANIAL NERVE Glasgow coma scale

ABG ANALYSIS Apgar Scoring System

Apgar Scoring System

TYPE OF INSULIN

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
Drug Antidotes Infantometer

MENTAL RETARDATION BLOOD DRAW TUBES

BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PORTEX TUBE

NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAY

Shakier tape

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER

MODAL PAPER
SHILEY FENESTRATED TUBE

1. A 30-year-old male patient presented to

Surgery OPD with complaint of bleeding per
rectum. History is suggestive of
haemorrhoids. What will be the confirmatory
test in OPD?
(a) Proctoscopy
(b) Sigmoidoscopy
(c) Digital rectal Examination
(d) USG Whole abdomen [a]
CRASH CART TROLLEY 2. A new-born baby had lumbosacral
\

meningocele. Till the period of surgery, the

sac should be well protected by covering it
with a sterile gauze piece soaked in:
(a) Spirit
(b) Normal saline
(c) Methylene blue
(d) Betadine [b]
3. A nurse taking care of a patient's with chest
tube drainage suddenly notices that there is
no fluctuation in the water seal tube. Which
of the following action should the nurse take
first?
(a) Turn the patient to the unaffected side
(b) Inform the physician
(c) Check the tubing to ensure there is no kinking
(d) Start milking the chest tube [c]
4. What is the best position to keep a 12-year-old
child after a lumbar puncture to assess CSF?
(a) Semi-fowlers so that the child can watch TV
BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
and be entertained
(b) Supine position for several hours so as to
BMI Nutritional Status
prevent a headache
Below 18.5 Underweight
(c) On her right side to prevent leak of CSF
18.5-24.9 Normal weight
(d) Prone for two hours to prevent vomiting and
25.0-29.9 Pre-obesity
aspiration [b]
30.0-34.9 Obesity class I
5. Osmolality of plasma in normal adult is:
35.0-39.9 Obesity class II
(a) 260-270 mOsm/L
Above 40 Obesity class III (b) 320-330 mOsm/L
(c) 280-290 mOsm/L
(d) 300-310 mOsm/L [c]
6. A patient in 28-week gestation is receiving
labetalol and magnesium Sulfate for her pre-
eclampsia treatment. On checking her BP you
find that it is 86/56. The most likely cause of
this finding is:
(a) False BP reading
(b) Accidental overdose of Labetalol
(c) Patient is anxious
(d) Magnesium toxicity [b]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
7. A patient presented with swelling in front of 13. A pregnant woman at 28 weeks of gestation
neck in midline which moves on deglutition. visited ante-natal clinic at a primary health
Which among the following will be the less center for the first time. Her Hemoglobin level
likely diagnosis? was found to be 9 gm. The management will
(a) Thyroglossal cyst include:
(b) Solitary thyroid nodule in isthmus (a) Table iron folic acid-one tablet (containing 60
(c) Sub hyoid bursitis mg elemental iron 500 microgram of folic acid)
(d) Lipoma [a] daily
8. A 35 year old farmer brought to emergency (b) Tablet iron folic acid – one tablet (containing
with history of multiple time vomiting, loose 60 mg elemental iron and 500 microgram of folic
stool & breathlessness for two hours while he acid) weekly
was fumigating his crops. On examination he (c) Blood transfusion
was drowsy & had excessive salivation, (d) Tablet iron folic acid- two tablets (containing
involuntary defecation, pulse rate 46/minute, 60 mg elemental iron and 500 microgram of folic
BP-90/60 mmHg, respiratory 5 rate- acid) daily [d]
14/minute, pupils bilaterally constricted, 14. During a prenatal visit a patient tells you her
twitching in bilateral calf muscles. Chest last menstrual period was November 25, 2016.
auscultation revealed bilateral crackles. What Based on the Naegele's Rule, when is the
is the likely poisoning? estimated due date of her baby?
(a) Opioid (b) Aluminium phosphide (a) October 1, 2017
(c) Arsenic (d) Organophosphorus [d] (b) September 10, 2017
9. Which of the following is not a sign of (c) August 28, 2016
dehydration in an infant? (d) September 1, 2017 [d]
(a) Perianal excoriation 15. Major depressive episodes are characterized
(b) Delayed skin pinch by low mood for at least
(c) Dry mouth (a) One week (b) Two weeks
(d) Drying of tears [a] (c) Four weeks (d) Eight weeks [b]
10. “On psychiatric interview, a patient had the 16. In laparoscopy procedures gases is used for
following though thought sample” Hay, May, inflation abdominal wall is..?
pay, ray, and day is a sample for: (a) Nitrous oxide
(a) Clang association (b) Oxygen
(b) Derailment (c) Carbon Dioxide
(c) Loosening of association (d) Helium [c]
(d) Neologism [a] 17. Major intracellular cation is….
11. Which of the following medications have (a) Potassium (b) Chloride
robust evidence for having anti-suicidal (c) Sodium (d) Magnesium [a]
properties? 18. Foot drop occurs due to...
(a) Valproate & Lithium (a) Sciatic nerve
(b) Fluoxetine & Escitalopram (b) Superficial perineal artery
(c) Olanzapine & Fluoxetine (c) Deep perineal nerve
(d) Lithium & Clozapine [d] (d) Brachial plexus [c]
12. Which of the following is TRUE about 19. Identify this sample bottle?
disinfection in a surgical unit using
Glutaraldehyde?
(a) Once prepared can be used for a maximum
duration of 7 days
(b) 1% glutaraldehyde is used commonly
(c) Dilute with water in 1:5 ratio before every use
(d) Minimum contact period for disinfection is 20 (a) Urine bottle
mins [d] (b) Blood culture bottle
(c) CSF culture bottle
(d) Citrate bottle [b]
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
20. Creating imaginary events to fill up the 28. What is the name of this maneuver?
memory gap is known as:
(a) Circumstantiality
(b) Neologism
(c) Confabulation
(d) Compulsion [c]
21. Which of the following results from severe
allergic reaction producing overwhelming
(a) Valsalva Maneuver
systemic vasodilation & relative hypovolemia:
(b) Jaw thrust maneuver
(a) Neurogenic shock
(c) Heimlich maneuver
(b) Anaphylactic shock
(d) Carotid pulse examination [b]
(c) Septic shock
29. The difference between the apical and radial
(d) Hypovolemic shock [b]
pulse rates is called the:
22. Which equipment’s must be immediately
(a) Pulse deficit
brought to the client's bed side for a client
(b) Pulse amplitude
who has experienced cardiac arrest?
(c) Rhythm deficit
(a) A ventilator
(d) Heart amplitude [a]
(b) A crash cart
30. For every 1°F rise temperature, the pulse rate
(c) Portable oxygen
increases by:
(d) Stretcher [b]
(a) 20 beats/min (b) 15 beats/min
23. A sub centre in hilly area covers to:
(c) 10 beats/min (d) 5 beats/min [c]
(a) 8000 population
31. High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters
(b) 3000 population
are used for:
(c) 1000 population
(a) Preventing air bubbles in blood transfusion
(d) 5000 population [b]
(b) Preventing airborne transmission of TB
24. “Indian Nursing council” was established in
(c) Administering nebulised bronchodilators
year
(d) Oxygen delivery in invasive ventilation
(a) 1956 (b) 1947
[b]
(c) 1970 (d) 1960 [b]
32. It is used to provide drainage identifies image
25. Identify the image?
name…

(a) Ovum forceps

(b) Biopsy forceps (a) Suprapubic catheter
(c) Magill forceps (b) Malecot catheter
(d) Green Armitage [c] (c) Ng tube
26. Rapid administration of blood containing (d) Pigtail catheter [b]
citrate cause: 33. Carotid pulse should be checked for:
(a) Hypokalaemia (a) 5-10 seconds
(b) Hyperkalaemia (b) 10-15 seconds
(c) Hypocalcaemia (c) 15-20 seconds
(d) Hypercalcemia [c] (d) Less than 5 seconds [a]
27. Another name for knee-chest position is 34. Appropriate size of endotracheal tube used in
(a) Genu-dorsal adults is:
(b) Genupectoral (a) 2.5 - 4 mm
(c) Lithotomy (b) 8-9.5 mm
(d) Sim's [b] (c) 5-7 mm
(d) 4-4.5 mm [b]
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
35. Bed sores can be best prevented by: 42. Absolute glaucoma is a condition that result
(a) Frequent change of position in:
(b) Massage the reddend area (a) Detachment of the retina
(c) Use of hard mattress (b) Hypertrophy of the conjunctiva
(d) Cleaning and dressing [a] (c) Severe pain and loss of vision
36. Name of this item? (d) Temporary loss of vision [c]
43. Identify the ECG rhythm?

(a) Sinus tachycardia

(b) Atrial flutter
(a) Scalp vein set
(c) Sick sinus syndrome
(b) I.V set
(d) Ventricular tachycardia [d]
(c) Spinal needle
44. Which one of the followings wouldn't occur
(d) I.V cannula [a]
with peritonitis?
37. Which of these is considered as dangerous
(a) Abdominal distention
placenta previa? (b) Diffuse abdominal pain
(a) Type I posterior (c) High pitched bowel sounds
(b) Type II anterior (d) Constipation [c]
(c) Type II posterior 45. Oxytocin is a hormone produced by
(d) Type I anterior [c] (a) Ovaries
(b) Placenta
38. A patient with acute pancreatitis has NG tube
(c) Pituitary gland
for low intermittent suction to prevent:
(d) Adrenal glands [c]
(a) Chronic distortion 46. Which of the following gland secretes
(b) Gastric reflux hormone to maintain normal metabolic rate
(c) Pancreatic stimulation of the body?
(d) Peristalsis [c] (a) Thyroid gland (b) Pancreas
39. During ECT, current is passed for (c) Adrenal (d) Testes [a]
47. Normal urine output for an adult during 24
(a) 5 to 10 seconds
hours is:
(b) 10 to 30 seconds
(a)1500 ml (b) 1400 ml
(c) 0.3 to 0.7 seconds (c) 1300 ml (d) 1200 ml [a]
(d) 1 to 3 seconds [c] 48. The micturition reflex center is located in the
40. Identify this machine? (a) Pons
(b) Midbrain
(c) Lumbar Plexus
(d) Sacral plexus [d]
49. Which of the following test is performing in
this image?
(a) Mechanical ventilator
(b) Portable ventilator
(c) Suction machine
(d) Dialysis machine [d]
41. The disease causing lens opacity leading to
disability in elderly is
(a) Compression
(a) Glaucoma
(b) Test Percussion
(b) Cataract
(c) Test Thompson
(c) Keratoconus
(d) Homans Test [d]
(d) Corneal dystrophies [b]
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
50. Look at this image and identify it – 54. Point at which nerve impulse is transmitted
from one neuron to another is called as
(a) Nodes of Ranvier
(b) Myelin
(c) Glia
(d) Synapse [d]
55. The trachea or wind pipe is made up of
(a) Cooper -T cartilage rings; shape of the rings is:
(b) Vaginal ring (a) C shaped
(c) Cervical cap (b) S shaped
(d) Patch [a] (c) Cone shaped
51. Which of the following observe by student (d) Straight [a]
nurse in this image? 56. At age of 2 year how many teethes are erupt
(a) 2
(b) 6-8
(c) 16
(d) 32 [c]
57. Autoclave is a method of sterilization by:
(a) Filtration
(a) Milwaukee brace (b) Moist heat
(b) Percussion Test (c) Dry heat
(c) Thompson Test (d) Radiation [b]
(d) Homan’s Test [a] 58. Recommended disinfectant used for handling
52. Which of the following observe by student spills is:
nurse in this image? (a) 10% sodium hypochlorite
(b) 1% sodium Hypochlorite
(c) 5% Bleach Solution
(d) 2% Bleach Solution [a]
59. Which stain used to identify acid fast bacilli
(AFB)
(a) Leishman's
(b) Ziehl-Neelsen
(c) Gram's
(d) Right's [b]
(a) Hernia Mash
60. Highest energy yielding food group is?
(b) Xylonite
(a) Carbohydrates
(c) Mosquito net
(b) Fats
(d) Air Filter [a]
(c) Sugars
53. Which of the following sign is observed in this
(d) Protein [b]
image?
61. Lipids can be stored in the body as a food
resource because they are:
(a) Insoluble in aqueous solution
(b) Soluble in aqueous solution
(c) Rich in fatty acids
(d) Fat soluble [a]
62. The amount of protein required by an Indian
adult.....gm protein per kg body wt.
(a) Battle's sign (a) 0.5
(b) Hoffman sign (b) 1
(c) McEwen sign (c) 5
(d) Oppenheimer sign [a] (d) 10 [b]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
63. With respect to the daily calorie requirement 71. Identify surgical blade number in image
for a normal human being, the contribution
via carbohydrate should be:
(a) 90 - 100% of total requirement
(b) 50-70 % of total daily requirement (a) 11 (b) 14
(c) 40 - 50% of total requirement (c) 18 (d) 23 [d]
(d) 80-90 % of total daily requirement [b] 72. Which condition is also known as Trisomy18?
64. One of the conditions caused by deficiency of (a) Edward syndrome
Vit. A: (b) Patau syndrome
(a) Beri-Beri (c) Turner syndrome
(b) Bitot's spots (d) Down syndrome [a]
(c) Scurvy 73. G6PD deficiency is classified in the following
(d) Retrolental fibroplasia [b] trait:
65. During the physical examination of a young (a) Autosomal dominant
child, what is the earliest sign of xerosis that (b) Dominant x linked
may observe? (c) Autosomal recessive
(a) Keratomalacia (d) Recessive sex linked [d]
(b) Corneal opacity 74. A ventricular shunt is used in treatment of –
(c) Night blindness (a) Hydrocephalus
(d) Conjunctival xerosis [d] (b) Cardiomegaly
66. Vitamin B3 is called as: (c) Ascites
(a) Riboflavin (b) Pantothenic acid (d) Pleural effusion [a]
(c) Pyridoxine (d) Niacin [d] 75. Which patients should receive calcium from
67. Diarrhoea, dermatitis and dementia are the non-dairy sources?
symptoms of: (a) Phenylketonuria
(a) Pellagra (b) Glossitis (b) Lactose intolerance
(c) Kwashiorkor (d) Marasmus [a] (c) Osteopenia
68. Salty taste felt while kissing the child occur in (d) Gout [b]
(a) Cystic fibrosis 76. Initial nursing assessment of an infant
(b) Celiac disease suffering with acute diarrhoea and
(c) Hydronephrosis dehydration reveals
(d) Tay Sachs Disease [a] (a) Skin turgor
69. Identify splint in image (b) Low haematocrit
(c) Bulging fontanels
(d) Weight gain [a]
77. How much potassium chloride is present in an
oral rehydration solution?
(a) 3.5 gm (b) 1.5 gm
(a) Brain splint (c)2.9 gm (d) 2.5 gm [b]
(b) Cervical aids splint 78. An important aspect of nurse-patient
(c) Neck splint relationship is:
(d) Shoulder splint [b] (a) Therapeutic
70. Identify tube in image (b) Personal
(c) Social
(d) Casual [a]
79. In following which is a thought disorder:
(a) Mannerism
(a) Stomach pump tube (b) Compulsion
(b) NGT (c) Automatism
(c) Rise tube (d) Delusion [d]
(d) Female catheters [a]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
80. What is the other name for delusions of 90. 18 G Intra Venous cannula is used for:
persecution? (a) Blood Transfusion
(a) Infidelity (b) Medication
(b) Passivity (c) SC injection
(c) Paranoid delusion (d) New born baby [a]
(d) Grandiose [c] 91. Oxygen toxicity in pre-term babies causes:
81. Jumping of one idea to another idea is: (a) Neonatal sepsis
(a) Perseveration (b) Neonatal hypoglycaemia
(b) Mutism (c) Retrolentol fibroplasia
(c) Flight of ideas (d) Respiratory distress syndrome [c]
(d) Ideas of persecution [c] 92. What should be used to clean a thermometer?
82. Handy-Dandy this is my work and want shop (a) Boiled water
apple pie-custard pie, this is (b) Chilled water
(a) Neologism (b) Word salad (c) Tap water
(c) Flight of ideas (d) Clang association (d) Oil water [c]
[b] 93. The most distal blood vessels that can be
83. Lithium is the drug of choice to treat: palpated is
(a) Mania (a) Popliteal artery
(b) Anxiety (b) Dorsalis pedis artery
(c) Depression (c) Femoral artery
(d) Schizophrenia [a] (d) Posterior tibial artery [b]
84. Who is considered as father of group therapy? 94. Features of Kussmaul’s respiration are
(a) Joseph pratt (a) Respiration ceases for more than 20 seconds
(b) Aron bech (b) Regular but abnormally slow respiration
(c) Sigmund Freud (c) Laboured respiration which increased rate
(d) Joseph wolpe [a] (d) Abnormally deep, regular with increased
85. The vaccination was first performed by: respiration [d]
(a) Jonas Salk 95. What is the size of rectal tube, while
(b) Edward Jenner administering enema to school children:
(c) Louis Pasteur (a) 18-22 (b) 14-18
(d) Alexander Fleming [b] (c) 10-14 (d) 6-10 [b]
86. Technique of administering BCG vaccine is 96. Which of following is not a monofilament
(a) Z tract injection suture?
(b) Intravenous injection (a) Dacron
(c) Subcutaneous injection (b) Prolene
(d) Intradermal scratch injection [d] (c) PDS
87. Lifestyle modification is an example for (d) Stainless steel [a]
(a) Tertiary prevention 97. Post-operative wound is observed for:
(b) Secondary prevention (a) Staining
(c) Primary prevention (b) Bleeding and discharge
(d) Primordial prevention [d] (c) Drainage
88. Post-pill amenorrhea is treated by (d) Pressure sore [b]
(a) Estrogen 98. The objectives of BLS include
(b) Progesterone (a) CAB (b) ABC
(c) Clonidine (c) BAC (d) BCA [a]
(d) Clomiphene [d] 99. The term AMBU stands for
89. What is the full form of DMPA? (a) Artificial manual breathing unit
(a) Di methyl progesterone acetate (b) Artificial & manual with breathing urgency
(b) Di methyl mono progesterone acetate (c) Artificial manual blood unit
(c) Depot medroxy progesterone acetate (d) A manual breathing unit [a]
(d) Depot methyl progesteronic acid [c]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
100. A group of related ideas or statements is 109. X-ray study of the fallopian tube is known as:
called: (a) Salpingography
(a) Theory (b) Myelography
(b) Philosophy (c) Cholecystoscopy
(c) Conceptual framework (d) Pyelography [a]
(d) Paradigm [c] 110. After ovulation has occurred, the ovum
101. Gastric lavage should not be done in: remains viable for:
(a) Antipsychotic drug poisoning (a) 1 to 6 hrs.
(b) Corrosive poisoning (b) 12 to 24 hrs.
(c) Organo-phosphorus poisoning (c) 24 to 36 hrs.
(d) Organo-chlorine poisoning [b] (d) 48 to 72 hrs. [b]
102. The tube feeding should be delayed if the 111. The first event of puberty in girl is:
amount of gastric content exceeds: (a) Menarche
(a) 20 ml (b) Thelarche
(b) 25 ml (c) Pubarche
(c) 30 ml (d) Pain abdomen [b]
(d) 100 ml [d] 112. The test used for the diagnosis of
103. Right place of 'figure of eight bandage' trichomoniasis is:
(a) Elbow and knee (a) Wet mount of vaginal fluid
(b) Mandible (b) ELISA test of serum
(c) Shoulder (c) Specific serologic test
(d) Scrotum Support [a] (d) Ova and parasite faecal smear [a]
104. Which type of catheter is generally used for 113. When are the chances of acute endometritis,
the client with urine retention? developing in a woman?
(a) Coude (a) After menopause
(b) Indwelling urinary (b) After menarche
(c) Straight (c) After abortion or childbirth
(d) Three-way [b] (d) In childhood [c]
105. Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) 114. How many position are seen in breech
administered through a central vein because presentation:
(a) Rapid rate of infusion (a) 8
(b) High volume of infusion (b) 6
(c) High osmolarity of solution (c) 4
(d) Easy access [c] (d) 2 [c]
106. As per Indian Nursing council, the nurse 115. Softening of the cervix during pregnancy is
patient ratio in an ICU should be: termed as:
(a) 1:1 (a) Jacquemier's sign
(b) 1:3 (b) Osiander's sign
(c) 1:6 (c) Goodell’s sign
(d) 1:10 [a] (d) Hegar's sign [c]
107. Declaration of right or wrong refer to 116. Lightening takes place at which week:
(a) Ethics (a) 30 (b) 32
(b) Values (c) 34 (d) 36 [d]
(c) Etiquettes 117. Elderly primigravida is defined as:
(d) Norms [a] (a) Women having their first pregnancy below
108. The type of nursing care assignment is best the age of 25
suited in an Intensive Care Unit (b) Women having pregnancy above age of 30
(a) Case method (c) Women having their first pregnancy below
(b) Functional method the age of 18
(c) Primary care method (d) Women having her first pregnancy above the
(d) Team method [a] age of 35 [d]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
118. Which of the following is NOT a feature of 127. Patient is developing fat emboli. What will
HELLP syndrome: you observe first?
(a) Thrombocytopenia (a) Restlessness and agitation
(b) Eosinophilia (b) Increased BP and increased temperature
(c) Raised liver enzyme (c) Agitation and Decreased urine output
(d) Haemolytic anemia [b] (d) Decreased level of consciousness [a]
119. Abruptio placenta means premature 128. The most common cause of embolism is:
separation of: (a) Air bubbles
(a) Normally situated placenta (b) Bone fragments
(b) Abnormal placenta (c) Thrombus
(c) Abnormally situated placenta (d) Atheromatous debris [c]
(d) Fetal membrane [a] 129. Aphonia would lead one to suspect:
120. Karman type catheter is used in......condition. (a) Hemorrhage
(a) Retention of urine (b) Hysteria
(b) Vacuum drainage (c) Injury to oesophagus
(c) Abortion (d) Injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve endings
(d) Vacuum extraction [c] [d]
121. All the following are complications of twin 130. Cretinism is due to deficiency of:
pregnancy EXCEPT? (a) Thyroxine
(a) Abortion (b) Estrogen
(b) Low birth weight (c) Epinephrine
(c) Post maturity (d) Renin [a]
(d) Congenital malformations [c] 131. Effect on specific gravity of urine in diabetic
122. Braxton Hicks contractions are: insipidus (DI) patient:
(a) painless uterine contraction during (a) Increase
pregnancy (b) Decrease
(b) Painful uterine contractions of pregnancy (c) No effect
(c) Painful uterine contractions of puberty (d) Firstly increase, than decrease [b]
(d) Uterine contractions during 4th stage of labor 132. A nurse observes palmar erythema and she
[a] understands that it is met within:
123. The nurse is caring a woman in 4th stage of (a) Cardiac failure
labour. Nursing care plan should include: (b) Renal failure
(a) Uterine constrictions (c) Hepatic failure
(b) Cervical dilation (d) Adrenal failure [c]
(c) Delivery of the placenta 133. Following a liver biopsy, the highest priority
(d) Birth of baby assessment of the patient's condition is to
[a] check for:
124. The failure of uterus to return to its normal (a) Hemorrhage
size is: (b) Uneven respiratory pattern.
(a) Involution (b) Sub Involution (c) Pain
(c) Protrusion (d) Retraction [b] (d) Pulmonary edema [a]
125. Laminaria tents are: 134. Which microorganism causes Hepatitis B?
(a) Hygroscopic osmotic dilators (a) Virus
(b) Red shaped steel dilators (b) Protozoa
(c) A cloth to cover patient during procedure (c) Bacteria
(d) None of the above [a] (d) Fungi [a]
126. Occurrence of seizures during pregnancy is 135. Which lobe is most commonly affected in
termed as: children with pulmonary atelectasis?
(a) Eclampsia (b) Pre-eclampsia (a) Right upper lobe (b) Right lower lobe
(c) Epilepticus (d) Myoclonus [a] (c) Left upper lobe (d) Left lower lobe
[a]

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136. The destruction of alveolar walls is called 145. It’s a closed-suction medical device that is
(a) Empyema commonly used as a post-operative drain for
(b) Bronchitis collecting bodily fluids from surgical site.
(c) Emphysema Name of the given image is:
(d) Lung abscess [c]
137. Which symptom would a patient most likely
complain of after an asthma attack?
(a) Dry cough
(b) Sore chest
(c) Restlessness
(d) Profuse perspiration [b]
138. Which of the following conditions is related to
the development of renal calculi?
(a) Pancreatitis (a) Jackson-Pratt drain
(b) Hemovac Drain
(b) Fractured femur
(c) Gout (c) Indwelling catheter
(d) Disc disease [c] (d) Jejunostomy Feeding Catheter [a]
139. In patient with renal failure diet should be 146. New growth in the bone marrow is...
(a) Odontoma
(a) Low protein, low sodium, low potassium
(b) Low protein, high potassium (b) Osteoma
(c) High carbohydrate, low protein (c) Myeloma
(d) High calcium, high protein [a] (d) Myoma [c]
147. Peyer's patches are present in:
140. Which of the following cannot be corrected by
(a) Stomach
dialysis?
(a) Hypernatremia (b) Jejunum
(b) Decreased haemoglobin (c) Ileum
(d) Duodenum [c]
(c) Hyperkalaemia
148. Exaggerated convexity in thoracic region is
(d) Elevated creatinine [b]
called
141. The clinical manifestation of nephrotic
syndrome include which of the following: (a) Kyphosis
(b) Lordosis
(a) Haematuria
(c) Myelitis
(b) Massive proteinuria
(c) Weight loss (d) Scoliosis [a]
149. The most common ionized mediator of
(d) Increased serum albumin [b]
hormone action in our body is...
142. What is the percentage of a large burn area to
(a) Calcium
total body surface area?
(a) More than 10% (b) Magnesium
(c) Iron
(b) More than 25%
(d) Potassium [a]
(c) More than 35%
150. Which test will confirm the diagnosis of
(d) More than 50% [b]
143. Treatment of choice in tension malignancy?
(a) Sonography
pneumothorax:
(a) Water seal drainage (b) CT scan
(c) Biopsy of tumour
(b) Needle drainage
(c) Suctioning (d) MRI [c]
(d) Postural drainage [b] 151. The hormone that causes hypocalcaemia:
144. The main symptom of Pemphigus is (a) Thyroxine
(a) Red Spots (b) Calcitonin
(b) Bluish Spots (c) Parathormone
(c) Small Vesicles (d) Oxytocin [b]
(d) Large vesicles [d]

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152. The number of pairs of spinal nerves in human 160. Following BMW is supposed to be discarded in
body are:
(a) 28 pairs
(b) 29 Pairs
(c) 30 pairs
(d) 31 pairs [d]
153. Insulin is not administered through oral (a) Puncture Proof Container
Route because (b) Black Bin
(a) It causes GIT bleeding (c) Blue Bin
(b) It causes Nausea and Vomiting (d) Red Bin [a]
(c) It is destroyed by GIT 161. A patient with native aortic valve disease
(d) None of these [c] came with right hemiparesis. What will you do
154. Which endocrine disorder would the nurse to prevent further stroke?
assess for in the client who has a closed head (a) Antiplatelet only
injury with increased intracranial pressure? (b) Anticoagulant only
(a) Pheochromocytoma (c) Both antiplatelet and anticoagulant
(b) Diabetes insipidus (d) One dose of low molecular weight heparin
(c) Hashimoto's disease subcutaneously followed by dual antiplatelet
(d) Gynecomastia [b] therapy [a]
155. Sella Turcica is a part of 162. In one of the types of mental retardation
(a) Ethmoid children are trainable:
(b) Parietal (a) Moderate (b) Severe
(c) Palatine (c) Profound (d) Mild [a]
(d) Sphenoid [d] 163. The normal intraocular pressure is:
156. Tonometry is the method of measuring: (a) 8-21 mmHg
(b) 16-25 mm Hg
(a) Pressure inside the lungs
(c) 20-35 mmHg
(b) Intraocular pressure
(d) 19-38 mmHg [a]
(c) Blood pressure 164. An early sign or symptom of raised ICP in
(d) Pressure inside the ear [b] children is:
157. Formation of pustule in the area of eyelashes (a) Increased vomiting
follicle is called........ (b) Bulging anterior fontanel
(a) Sty (c) Increased head circumference
(d) Complaints of frontal headache [a]
(b) Ptosis
165. What do you understand by “Broca’s Aphasia?
(c) Glaucoma (a) Expressive aphasia
(d) Conjunctivitis [a] (b) Receptive aphasia
158. The largest volume of air, which can be (c) Global aphasia
expelled from the lungs during maximal (d) None [a]
expiration is called: 166. Incineration is:
(a) High temperature reduction process
(a) Tidal volume
(b) Low temperature reduction process
(b) Residual volume
(c) High temperature oxidation process
(c) Inspiratory reserve volume (d) Low temperature oxidation process [c]
(d) Expiratory reserve volume [d] 167. On a visit to the clinic, a client reports the
159. Which one of the following enzymes is onset of early symptoms of rheumatoid
found/secreted in the Saliva? arthritis. The nurse should conduct a focused
(a) Rennin assessment for:
(a) Limited motion of joints
(b) Ptyalin
(b) Deformed joints of the hands
(c) Tenin
(c) Early morning stiffness
(d) Resin [b] (d) Rheumatoid nodules [c]
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
168. The maximum volume of air that can be 174. Late dumping syndrome is due to
expired after a maximal inspiratory effort is (a) Excessive release of insulin
called: (b) Food bolus in jejunum
(a) Tidal volume (c) Release of serotonin
(b) Residual volume (d) Local enteric reflexes [a]
(c) Vital capacity 175. Mean arterial pressure is calculated as:
(d) Functional residual capacity [c] (a) (SBP + 2DBP)/3
169. Chyme is called: (b) (DBP + 2SBP)/3
(a) Food in the mouth (c) (SBP + 3DBP)/2
(b) Food in stomach (d) (DBP + 3SBP)/2 [a]
(c) Food reaches in duodenum 176. The nurse assesses a client’s surgical incision
(d) Food reaches in the rectum [c] for signs of infection. Which finding by the
170. A mother is admitted to the emergency nurse would be interpreted as a normal
department following complaints of fever and finding at the surgical site?
chills. The nurse on duty took her vital signs (a) Red, hard skin
and noted the following: Temp = 100 °F; apical (b) Serous drainage
pulse = 95; respiration = 20 and deep. (c) Purulent drainage
Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH (d) Warm, tender skin [b]
7.37, PaO2 90 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and 177. where is the central connection of facial
HCO3 24 mmol/L. What is your assessment? nerve?
(a) Hyperthermia (a) Medulla oblongata
(b) Hyperthermia and Respiratory Alkalosis (b) Pons
(c) Hypothermia (c) Cerebrum
(d) Hypothermia and Respiratory Alkalosis (d) Cerebellum [b]
[a] 178. The nurse is caring for a client with a severe
171. A primary health center (PHC) reports 40-50 burn who is scheduled for an autograft to be
cases in a week in the community. This week placed on the lower extremity. The nurse
there are 48 cases normally, based on creates a postoperative plan of care for the
previous records. This is called client and should include which intervention
(a) Epidemic in the plan?
(b) Sporadic (a) Maintain the client in a prone position.
(c) Endemic (b) Elevate and immobilize the grafted extremity.
(d) Outbreak [c] (c) Maintain the grafted extremity in a flat
172. Mcburney point incision is used for: position.
(a) Herniorrhaphy (d) Keep the grafted extremity covered with a
(b) Appendectomy blanket. [b]
(c) Nephrectomy 179. The nurse is caring for a client with heart
(d) Cholecystectomy [b] failure. On assessment, the nurse notes that
173. A prescription reads clindamycin phosphate the client is dyspnoeic, and crackles are
0.3 g in 50 mL normal saline (NS) to be audible on auscultation. What additional
administered intravenously over 30 minutes. manifestations would the nurse expect to
note in this client if excess fluid volume is
The medication label reads clindamycin
present?
phosphate 900 mg in 6mL. The nurse prepares
(a) Weight loss and dry skin
how many millilitres (mL) of the medication (b) Flat neck and hand veins and decreased
to administer the correct dose? Fill in the urinary output
blank. (c) An increase in blood pressure and increased
(a) 2 ML respirations
(b) 4 ML (d) Weakness and decreased central venous
pressure (CVP) [c]
(c) 2.5 ML
(d) 3 ML [a]
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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
180. Streptokinase is the first generation 186. While providing care to a client with a head
thrombolytic used. Streptokinase is injury, the nurse notes that a client exhibits
a..................? this posture (refer to figure). What should the
(a) Naturally occurring plasminogen activator in nurse document that the client is exhibiting?
human plasma
(b) Naturally occurring plasminogen activation in
beta-haemolytic streptococcus
(c) Synthetic plasminogen activator obtained
from chemical synthesis
(d) None of the above [b]
181. The nurse is creating a plan of care for the
client with multiple myeloma and includes (a) Flaccidity
which priority intervention in the plan? (b) Decorticate posturing
(a) Encouraging fluids (c) Decerebrate posturing
(b) Providing frequent oral care (d) Rigidity in the upper extremities [b]
(c) Coughing and deep breathing 187. Identify the type of Leopold's manoeuvre
(d) Monitoring the red blood cell count [a] given in the picture
182. 1-year-old child comes to well-baby clinic and
nurse noticed the child's anterior fontanel is
still open. What is the appropriate nursing
intervention?
(a) Report to doctor
(b) Normal findings
(c) Measure head circumference
(d) Look for sign and symptoms of infection
[b] (a) Fundal grip
183. The client has an order for gentamycin to be (b) Pawlik’s grip
administered. Which lab results should be (c) First pelvic grip
reported to the doctor before beginning the (d) Lateral grip [b]
medication? 188. Most common cause of post-partum
(a) Haematocrit Haemorrhage?
(b) Creatinine (a) Retained placenta
(c) White blood cell count (b) Poor maternal effort
(d) Erythrocyte count [b] (c) Atonic uterus
184. The registered nurse is conducting an in- (d) Lack of skilled birth attendant [c]
service for colleagues about peptic ulcers. The 189. Which of the following drug is a skeletal
nurse would be correct in identifying which of muscle relaxant:
the following as a causative factor? (a) Ketamine
(a) N. gonorrhoea (b) H. influenza (b) Pentothal Sodium
(c) H. pylori (d) E. coli [c] (c) Atropine
185. Which reflex you seen in below image (d) Fentanyl [b]
190. In the below image the condition is caused by:

(a) Moro Reflex

(b) Planter Reflex (a) Hyperthyroidism
(c) Swallowing Reflex (b) Hypothyroidism
(d) Leg Reflex [b] (c) Hypercalcemia
(d) Hypocalcaemia [a]

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 BULLET POINTS, IMAGES & MODEL PAPER
191. The client is admitted to the chemical 196. Which type of abruptio placenta show in
dependence unit with an order for photograph –
continuous observation. The nurse is
aware that the doctor has ordered
continuous observation because:
(a) Hallucinogenic drugs create both
stimulant and depressant effects.
(b) Hallucinogenic drugs induce a state of
altered perception.
(c) Hallucinogenic drugs produce severe
(a) Reveled
respiratory depression.
(b) Concealed
(d) Hallucinogenic drugs induce rapid
(c) Mixed
physical dependence. [b]
(d) Preplacental [b]
192. In Below Video a surgeon is using an
197. Anxiety is caused by:
electric cautery is a types of:
(a) Hostility turned to self
(b) Masked depression
(c) An objective threat
(d) A subjective, perceived threat [d]
198. The nurse is responsible for performing a
neonatal assessment on a full-term
infant. At 1 minute, the nurse could
(a) Bipolar cautery expect to find:
(b) Monopolar cautery (a) An apical pulse of 100
(c) Tripolar cautery (b) Absence of tonus
(d) None of these [b] (c) Cyanosis of the feet and hands
193. What is the recommended protocol for (d) Jaundice of the skin and sclera [c]
collection of urine for routine and 199. Man is a social animal-Who said this?
(a) Cristo
microscopic examination?
(b) Spencer
(a) Random sample collection (c) Pluto
(b) Early morning mid-stream urine sample (d) Aristotle [d]
(c) Early morning initial-stream urine sample 200. Enuresis means:
(d) Mid-day mid-steam urine sample [b] (a) Loss of the control of urine
194. How many calories are provided by 1 (b) Breast holding
(c) Loss of control of stool
gram of protein?
(d) Loss of control of vomit [a]
(a) 8 (b) 10
(c) 4 (d) 6 [c]
195. Which of the following factors can most
alter tissue tolerance and lead to the
development of a pressure ulcer?
(a) The client's age.
(b) Exposure to moisture.
(c) Presence of hypertension.
(d) Smoking. [b]

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