Complex Engineering Problem(Electronic Devices and Circuits –
EE-216)
Course Code and Title: EDC(EE-216)
Semester: 4th
Instructor: Iqra Farhat
Total Marks: 50 (10%)
Deadline: last week of the semester
CLOs and PLOs for Complex Engineering Problem
CLOs Description Domain & PLOs
Level
CLO 3 Assess Diode-based circuits and Transistors such Cognitive, PLO 3
as amplifiers, regulators, and switching circuits. Evaluate
Problem Statement
In modern electronics, multi-functional analog subsystems are critical for reliable operation
in communication and control applications. As an electronics design engineer, you are tasked
with designing and evaluating a complete analog signal conditioning circuit that involves:
1. Input protection using diode limiters.
2. Amplification using multi-stage BJT transistor amplifiers.
3. Voltage regulation using a Zener diode-based regulator.
4. Digital switching of the amplifier circuit via an NPN transistor acting as a switch
(controlled by a microcontroller logic pin).
The designed circuit must be able to:
- Protect low-voltage analog input from spikes.
- Amplify a 10 mV sinusoidal sensor signal to at least 2 V peak-to-peak.
- Regulate a 12 V supply down to a stable 5 V to power the sensor subsystem.
- Be toggled ON/OFF via a 0–5 V control logic.
You will also perform performance evaluation through MATLAB/Simulink simulations.
Questions
1. Design and Simulation of Input Protection Circuit:
- Design a diode limiter that clips input voltages above ±0.7 V.
- Simulate the circuit using Simscape Electrical and verify clipping behavior for a 10 Vpp
signal.
2. Amplifier Design and Analysis:
- Design a 3-stage BJT amplifier with total gain ≥ 200×.
- Use small-signal analysis to compute gain, bandwidth, and input/output impedance.
- Simulate in MATLAB/Simulink and verify signal amplification from 10 mV to 2 Vpp.
3. Voltage Regulator Design:
- Design a Zener diode-based regulator for 5V output from a 12 V supply.
- Analyze line regulation and load regulation with varying input voltages and loads.
- Simulate voltage response under these varying conditions.
4. Transistor Switching Circuit:
- Design a digital switching circuit using an NPN transistor to enable/disable amplifier
circuit.
- Verify the ON/OFF behavior via MATLAB simulation using a square wave control input.
5. Fault Analysis:
- Simulate and analyze circuit behavior under two fault conditions:
- Open collector in the amplifier stage.
- Shorted Zener diode.
- Comment on how circuit performance and output are affected.
Objectives
This CEP aims to enhance students’ circuit design, analysis, and troubleshooting skills in
analog electronics. The exercise will also reinforce understanding of integrated analog
subsystems and simulation-based evaluation using MATLAB.
Deliverables
1. Circuit schematics of all modules (hand-drawn or using software).
2. MATLAB/Simulink models for each module with simulation results.
3. A detailed technical report including:
- Design calculations and circuit theory
- Simulation plots and data
- Evaluation of amplifier performance
- Regulation performance graphs
- Fault analysis observations
Complex Engineering Problem Attributes
WP1: Depth of knowledge WP1 Depth of Knowledge
WP2: Range of conflicting Requires in-depth understanding of analog electronics principles,
requirements transistor biasing, diode behavior, and regulator theory.
WP3: Depth of analysis WP2 Conflicting Requirements
WP4: Familiarity of issues Trade-off between gain, bandwidth, power, and component limitations.
WP5: Extent of applicable WP3 Depth of Analysis
codes Must perform quantitative simulations, fault tolerance analysis, and
WP6: Extent of component-level evaluations.
stakeholders WP5 – Applicable Codes
WP7: Interdependence Understanding component datasheets and applying design
standards for analog circuits.
Rubrics
Circuit Design (Amplifier, Regulator) WP1, WP2, WP3
(10 marks)
MATLAB Simulation and Analysis WP1, WP3
(10 marks)
Report Quality and Technical Depth WP3, WP5
(30 marks)
WK5 - Engineering Design
WK1 Natural Sciences: A systematic theory-based understanding of natural
sciences applicable to the discipline.
WK2 Mathematics and Computing: The concept-based mathematical
thinking, numerical analysis, statistics and formal aspects of computer and
information science to support analysisand modelling applicable to the
discipline.
WK3 Engineering Fundamentals: A systematic, theory-based formulation of
engineering fundamentals required in an engineering discipline.
WK4 Engineering Specialization: The knowledge of Engineering specialization that
provides theoretical frameworks and bodies of knowledge for the accepted practice
areas that are at the forefront in a discipline.
WK5 Engineering Design: The Design Thinking Knowledge that supports
engineering design in a practice area of an engineering discipline.
WK6 Engineering Practice: The Knowledge of engineering practices (technology)
in different practice areas of an engineering discipline.
WK7 Engineering in Society: A systematic, comprehension-based knowledge of the
role of engineers in a society and the professional issues related to practicing
engineering profession in a discipline: ethics and the professional responsibility of an
engineer to public safety including the impact of an engineering activity i.e. economic,
social, cultural, environmental and sustainability
