GS Foundation Course
(Lakshya/Utkarsh)
Subject: GEOGRAPHY
Daily Practice Paper
(DPP)
[ Assignment No. 03 ]
The assignment includes Guidelines to attempt the questions
(1) 5 Objective Type Questions (FOR MCQ Practice) The MCQs & subjective questions can be solved with
the help of the topics covered in the class, class notes,
(2) 2 Subjective Type Questions (For Answer Writing standard books and other sources like newspapers,
Practice) government websites etc.
It is expected from the aspirants to attempt all the
Name: ……………………………………......................... questions.
The copies will be evaluated within 72 hours.
Date of submission : …………………………………......
You are directed to use 1 page for 150 word limit
Course Name/Batch : ………………………………….... answer and 3 pages for 250 word limit answer.
Submit the answer sheet before entering the classroom.
Success is fuelled by being persistent and consistent !!
EDEN IAS – Main Office, Building No. 6, Third floor, Bada Bazar Road, Old Rajendra Nagar, Karol Bagh, New Delhi – 110060
Discipline | Strategy | Consistency
Daily MCQs
Q1. What is the primary factor that (d) Neither 1 nor 2
determines the Orders of Relief on
Earth's surface? Q4. The continental drift theory is
(a) Latitude and Longitude supported by various lines of
(b) Geological Forces evidence:
(c) Earth's Rotation
(d) Atmospheric Pressure 1. Jig-saw Fit of Continents:
2. Rocks of the Same Age Across
Q2. What geological phenomenon Oceans:
supports the concept of continental 3. Placer Deposits
drift? 4. Distribution of Fossils
(a) Earthquakes Select the correct answer using the
(b) Volcanic Eruptions code given below
(c) Fossil Distribution
(d) Climate Change (a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3
Q3) Which of the following (c) 2, 3 and 4
phenomena might have influenced (d) All of the above
the evolution of organisms?
Q5. What evidence provided by
1. Continental drift Alfred Wegener supports the
2. Glacial cycle theory of continental drift?
Select the correct answer using the (a) Similar geological features on
codes given below: different continents
(b) Matching coastlines of continents
(a) 1 only (c) Distribution of ancient plant and
(b) 2 only animal fossils
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) All of the above
Daily Answer Writing Practice Questions
Q1. Discuss convective magma currents theory. (10 marks, 150 words)
Q2. Write an account on sea floor spreading with suitable examples. (15
marks, 250 words)
1
Answers of assignment 02
Q1.
Ans: c
Explanation
Dualism in geography refers to the approach of understanding geographical
phenomena by considering them in terms of two contrasting or complementary
aspects. This could include aspects like human vs. physical geography, Systematic vs
Regional Geography, Historical vs Contemporary Geography etc.
Q2.
Ans: b
Explanation
Physical geography is concerned with studying Earth's natural features, processes,
and phenomena. This includes the formation of landforms (e.g., mountains, rivers,
valleys), weather and climate patterns, ecosystems, soil composition, hydrology
(water cycles), and geological processes like tectonic plate movements.
Q3)
Ans: b
Explanation
Weathering refers to the physical, chemical, and biological processes that break
down and alter rocks and minerals into smaller particles and dissolved substances.
This process occurs at or near Earth's surface due to various factors such as
temperature changes, water, wind, plant roots, and biological activity.
Q4.
Ans: c
Explanation
Erosion involves the movement and transport of weathered material (sediment, soil,
rock fragments) by agents such as water (rivers, streams, waves), wind, ice
(glaciers), and gravity (mass wasting). In the case of rivers, erosion occurs as water
flows over the land, picks up sediment, and carries it downstream, eventually
depositing it in new locations.
Q5.
Ans: b
Explanation
A geological fold refers to the bending or curving of rock layers in response to
compressional forces in Earth's crust. These forces can be caused by tectonic
movements, such as the collision of tectonic plates or the squeezing of rock layers
due to mountain-building processes. Folds can vary in scale, from small-scale
wrinkles to large-scale fold structures like anticlines and synclines.
2
Q1. What do you understand by craton, platform and shield? Discuss the
various orders of relief, with suitable examples. (10 marks, 150 words)
Model Answer
A craton, platform, and shield are terms used in geology to describe different parts
of the Earth's crust based on their age, stability, and geological characteristics.
Craton: A craton refers to the stable and ancient part of a continental crust that
has remained relatively unchanged for billions of years. It is typically composed
of hard, crystalline rocks such as granite and gneiss. Examples of cratons include
the Canadian Shield in North America and the Australian Craton.
Platform: A platform is a relatively stable and flat region surrounding a craton,
often consisting of sedimentary rocks. Platforms are formed by the deposition of
sediments over long periods of time, usually on top of older cratonic rocks.
Examples of platforms include the Russian Platform in Eurasia and the Brazilian
Platform in South America.
Shield: A shield refers to a large area of exposed Precambrian rocks that form
the core of a continent. Shields are often part of both cratons and platforms and
are characterized by their ancient and stable geology. Examples of shields
include the Baltic Shield in Northern Europe and the Indian Shield in South Asia.
Various orders of relief
1. First Order of Relief: This includes the major divisions of continents and ocean
basins, such as the continents themselves and the large oceanic basins. E.g., the
continents of Africa, Asia, and North America etc.
2. Second Order of Relief: This involves the major mountain ranges, plateaus, and
plains within continents. E.g., the Himalayas in Asia, the Rocky Mountains in North
America, etc.
3. Third Order of Relief: This includes smaller landforms such as hills, valleys, and
smaller mountain ranges. E.g., the Appalachian Mountains (North America), the
Western Ghats (India) etc.
4. Fourth Order of Relief: This encompasses even smaller features such as
individual hills, ridges, and valleys within larger landforms. E.g., individual peaks
like Mount Everest, valleys like the Grand Canyon, and ridges like the Black Forest
in Germany etc.
5. Fifth Order of Relief: This refers to very minor landforms such as dunes, small
streams, and gullies. E.g., sand dunes in deserts, small tributaries of rivers, and
erosion features like gullies and ravines.
These orders of relief help geologists and scientists categorize and understand the
diverse landscapes and landforms found on Earth's surface, from large-scale
geological features to smaller, localized formations.
3
Q2. Write an account on the Continental Drift Theory (CDT). (15
marks, 250 words)
Model Answer
The Continental Drift Theory, also known as the theory of plate tectonics, is a
scientific concept that explains the movement of Earth's continents over time, first
proposed by Alfred Wegener and has since become a fundamental theory in the
field of geology.
The Continental Drift Theory
The Continental Drift Theory suggests that the Earth's continents were once
joined together in a single supercontinent called Pangaea.
According to this theory, the continents have since drifted apart, moving slowly
over millions of years to their current positions.
Evidence supporting the Continental Drift Theory
Jig-saw fit of the continents: The coastlines of South America and Africa fit
remarkably well when placed together. Similar fits were found between other
continents.
Fossil evidence: Similar fossils of plants and animals were found on different
continents that are currently separated by vast oceans. This indicates that the
continents were once connected.
Rock formations and mountain ranges of same ages: Geological formations
and mountain ranges, such as the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United
States and the Caledonian Mountains in the British Isles, line up across
continents, suggesting a shared history.
Paleoclimatic evidence: ancient climate indicators, such as glacial deposits and
coal deposits, were found in regions that currently have different climates. This
indicates that these regions were once in different latitudes.
4
Criticism
While the Continental Drift Theory and plate tectonics are widely accepted, ongoing
research continues to refine our understanding of Earth's processes. Some scientists
are studying the role of mantle plumes and hotspots in plate movement and the
influence of other factors like climate change on tectonic processes.
Ultimately, Wegener's Continental Drift Theory laid the foundation for the modern
understanding of plate tectonics, which explains the movement of Earth's
lithospheric plates, geological phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic activity,
and the dynamic nature of the planet's surface. It remains a pivotal theory in geology
and continues to influence research in Earth sciences.
