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Virtual Lab 1

The document outlines an experiment on FIR filter design, focusing on low-pass and high-pass filters, and the use of window functions. It covers the theory behind FIR filters, their properties, and practical considerations for design. The learning outcomes include understanding filter fundamentals, differences in filter behavior, and the impact of window functions on performance.

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bhavikaahuja.unicorn
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20 views7 pages

Virtual Lab 1

The document outlines an experiment on FIR filter design, focusing on low-pass and high-pass filters, and the use of window functions. It covers the theory behind FIR filters, their properties, and practical considerations for design. The learning outcomes include understanding filter fundamentals, differences in filter behavior, and the impact of window functions on performance.

Uploaded by

bhavikaahuja.unicorn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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23102128 A6 Vansh Ahuja

Virtual Lab - 1

Objective :- This experiment enables a student to learn.

 Basics of filter designs and different types of filter designing techniques.


 Different types of window functions.
 Designing of Lowpass and highpass FIR filters using these window functions

Theory :-

FIR Filters Overview


 Definition: FIR filters are digital filters characterized by a finite-duration
impulse response.
 Key Properties:
o Inherent stability due to the absence of feedback loops.
o Potential for a linear phase response when designed with symmetric
coefficients.
o Ease of implementation in various digital signal processing applications.

Low-Pass and High-Pass FIR Filters


 Low-Pass Filter: Allows frequencies below a specified cutoff frequency to
pass while attenuating higher frequencies.
 High-Pass Filter: Permits frequencies above a certain cutoff frequency to pass
and attenuates lower frequencies.

Window Method for FIR Filter Design


 Purpose: To design FIR filters by truncating the ideal infinite impulse
response using a window function.
 Process:
1. Start with the ideal impulse response of the desired filter.
2. Apply a window function (e.g., Hamming, Hanning, Blackman) to
truncate and smooth the response.
3. The choice of window affects the filter's characteristics, such as
transition bandwidth and sidelobe levels.

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Practical Considerations
 Trade-offs:
o A narrower transition band requires a higher filter order, increasing
computational complexity.
o Different window functions offer various balances between mainlobe
width and sidelobe attenuation.
 Applications: Used in audio processing, communications, and other areas
requiring specific frequency filtering.

SIMULATION

LOWPASS FILTER

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HIGHPASS FILTER

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Learning Outcomes

 Understood the fundamentals of FIR filter design and its key characteristics.
 Learned the difference between low-pass and high-pass filter behaviour.
 Explored the use of window functions in FIR filter design.
 Analysed how different windows affect filter performance and transition
bands.
 Developed skills to design and implemented FIR filters for various signal
processing applications.

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