program to copy the content of one file into another.
import java.io.*;
public class Copy {
public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("input.txt");
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("output.txt");
int c;
while ((c = in.read()) != -1) out.write(c);
in.close(); out.close();
}
}
1. drawLine()
import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*;
public class A extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawLine(10, 10, 100, 10); }
public static void main(String[] a) {
JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.add(new A()); f.setSize(200,100);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(3); f.setVisible(true);
}
}
2. drawOval()
import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*;
public class B extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawOval(30, 30, 80, 40); }
public static void main(String[] a) {
JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.add(new B()); f.setSize(200,150);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(3); f.setVisible(true);
}
}
3. drawArc()
import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*;
public class C extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawArc(30, 30, 80, 40, 0, 180); }
public static void main(String[] a) {
JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.add(new C()); f.setSize(200,150);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(3); f.setVisible(true);
}
}
4. drawString()
import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*;
public class D extends JPanel {
public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawString("Hello", 50, 50); }
public static void main(String[] a) {
JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.add(new D()); f.setSize(200,100);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(3); f.setVisible(true);
}
}
file input/output stream methods
import java.io.*;
public class A {
public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("in.txt");
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("out.txt");
int c; while ((c = in.read()) != -1) out.write(c);
in.close(); out.close();
}
}
Thread life cycle
class MyThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread is running.");
}
}
public class ThreadLifeCycle {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread t = new MyThread();
t.start(); // Starts the thread, calling its run() method
}
}
Single Inheritance
class A {
void showA() { System.out.println("Class A"); }
}
class B extends A {
void showB() { System.out.println("Class B"); }
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
B obj = new B();
obj.showA();
obj.showB();
}
}
Multilevel Inheritance
class A {
void showA() { System.out.println("Class A"); }
}
class B extends A {
void showB() { System.out.println("Class B"); }
}
class C extends B {
void showC() { System.out.println("Class C"); }
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
C obj = new C();
obj.showA();
obj.showB();
obj.showC();
}
}
Multiple Inheritance using Interfaces
interface A {
void showA();
}
interface B {
void showB();
}
class C implements A, B {
public void showA() { System.out.println("A"); }
public void showB() { System.out.println("B"); }
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
C obj = new C();
obj.showA(); obj.showB();
}
}
Hierarchical Inheritance
class A {
void showA() { System.out.println("Class A"); }
}
class B extends A {
void showB() { System.out.println("Class B"); }
}
class C extends A {
void showC() { System.out.println("Class C"); }
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
B b = new B();
C c = new C();
b.showA(); b.showB();
c.showA(); c.showC();
}
}
Switch case
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = 5;
switch case
// Conditional operator example
String result = (num % 2 == 0) ? "Even" : "Odd";
System.out.println("Number is " + result);
// Switch case example
switch (num) {
case 1: System.out.println("One"); break;
case 5: System.out.println("Five"); break;
default: System.out.println("Other");
}
}
}
1. Default Constructor
class Demo {
Demo() {
System.out.println("Default constructor called");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Demo d = new Demo();
}
}
2. Parameterized Constructor
class Student {
String name;
Student(String n) {
name = n;
}
void show() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s = new Student("Alice");
s.show();
}}
3. Copy Constructor
class Demo {
int x;
Demo(int a) {
x = a;
}
Demo(Demo d) {
x = d.x;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Demo d1 = new Demo(5);
Demo d2 = new Demo(d1);
System.out.println("Copy constructor: " + d2.x);
}
}
4. No-Argument Constructor (Non-Parameterized)
class Demo {
Demo() {
System.out.println("No-Arg constructor called");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Demo d = new Demo();
}
}
NoMatchException
import java.util.Scanner;
class NoMatchException extends Exception {
NoMatchException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class PasswordCheck {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter password: ");
String password = sc.nextLine();
try {
if (!password.equals("MSBTE")) {
throw new NoMatchException("Password does not match");
} else {
System.out.println("Password accepted.");
}
} catch (NoMatchException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class WordCount {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("example.txt"));
String line;
int wordCount = 0;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
wordCount += line.split("\\s+").length;
}
System.out.println("Word count: " + wordCount);
br.close();
}
}
