DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS B, Sc. (H) Statistics Category-I DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE-4: THEORY OF PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY, AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE fae title & _|Credits{Credit distribution of the Course hetigivitty rre-requisite ‘ode Criteria f the Course Lecture [Tuto Practical’ (ifany) Practice Meory of probabilit = B 1 “lass XII pass Descriptive listributions. ith Statistics, Mathematics Probability Theory, Caleulus Learning Objectives The learning objectives of this course are as follows: + Acquaint students with requisite tools for problem-solving available in statistical methodology. + Prepare students to handle two/three-dimensional data and familiarize them with different measures of association as well as regression. + Introduction to various discrete and continuous distributions and their properties. Learning Outcomes The learning outcomes of this course are as follows: + Understand the role of expectation and its usefulness. Get familiar with different kind of generating functions and their strength and weaknesses + Handle problems based on two-dimensional random variables using Jacobians and bivariate transformations. * Understand and exploit various measures of correlation and regression for problem- solving. + Familiarize with the concept of partial and multiple correlation coefficients and their properties * Get acquainted with various discrete and continuous distributions their properties and interrelations and solve problems based on them. 57SYLLABUS OF DSC-4 Theory UNITE (09 Hours) Expectation Mathematical Expectation: Conditional expectations and its properties. Bivariate transformations with illustrations. Moments, moment generating function and its properties, Cumulants, cumulant generating function and its properties, Characteristic function and its properties, Inversion theorem for continuous random variables (without proof) along with applications, UNITAE (12 Hours) Expectation (contd.) Some inequalities involving expectation - Cauchy Schwartz Inequality, Jenson's inequality, ‘Two-dimensional random variables: Joint probability mass function/ Joint probability density function, marginal and conditional probability mass function/ probability density function, independence of random variables, examples based on join marginal/conditional pmfipdf. Conditional expectation and variance, Jacobian of transformation, Bivariate transformation of random variables, and Examples based on bivariate transformation. UNIT IMT (09 Hours) Correlation and Regression Properties of various measures of correlation and regression using expectation, Correlation Ratio, Intra-class correlation, Partial and multiple correlations ~ definition, Yule's notation, the plane of regression, properties of residuals, multiple and partial correlation coefficients and their properties (derivation based on three variables), the relationship between multiple, partial and total correlations and examples based on them. UNIT IV (1S Hours) Probability Distributions Discrete probability distribution — Binomial, Poisson- measures of central tendency, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis, recurrence relations based on moments, moment generating function, cumulant generating function, characteristic function, additive property, fitting of distribution, and examples based on application. Continuous Probability distribution - Normal - measures of central tendency, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis, recurrence relations based on moments, moment generating function, cumulant generating function, characteristic function, additive property fitting of distribution and examples based on application, Uniform distribution — moments, mgf, mean deviation and examples based on bivariate transformations, PRACTICAL — 30 Hours List of Practicals: 1. Practical based on regression lines and properties of regression coefficients. Practical based on Correlation ratio. 3. Practical based on Intra-class correlation. 4. Practical based on multiple correlation coefficient. 5. Practical based on partial correlation coefficient, 5386. Practical based on planes of regression, 7, Word problems based on application s of Binomial distribution. 8, Practical based on fitting of Binomial distribution (when parameters are given). 9. Practical based on fitting of Binomial distribution (when parameters are not given). 10, Practical based on calculation of area under the normal curve. 11, Practical based on calculation of ordinates given area under the normal curve. 12, Practical based on fitting of the normal curve when parameters are not given. 13, Practical based on use of normal approximation to the binomial distribution. Practical work to be conducted using electronic spreadsheet / EXCEL/ Statistical Software Package/ SPSS. + Goon, A.M., Gupta, M.K. and Dasgupta, B. (2016). Ant Outline of Statistical Theory, Vol. 1, The World Press, Kolkata. + Gupta, 8. C. and Kapoor, V. K. (2020). Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics, 12" Edn., S. Chand and Sons. Delhi. R.V., Tanis, EA. and Rao, J.M. (2009). Probability and Statistical Inference, 7th Ed., Pearson Education, New Delhi. + Miller, I. and Miller, M. (2006). John E. Freund's Mathematical Statistics with Applications, &th Ed., Pearson Education, Asia. + Mukhopadhyay, P. (2016). Mathematical Statistics. Books And Allied, India SUGGESTED READINGS + Mood, A.M. Graybill, F.A. and Boes, D.C. (2007). Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, 3rd Ed., (Reprint), Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd. + Rohatgi, V. K and Saleh M. E. (2015). An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, 3" Edn. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey. Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch University of Delhi, from time to time. 59APPLIED STATISTICS 1 CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY, AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE ‘ourse tite & [Credits [Credit distribution of the Course [Eligibility Pre-requisite of ‘ode riteria the Course (if [Lecture [Tutorial [Practical Y) Practice pplied 4 8 It (Class XII passDescriptive Statistics with: statistics ‘Mathematics Learning Objectives The learning objectives of this course are as follows: © This course will help students to know the applications of Statisties and lean and apply these concepts in real life situations. © This course will give exposure to two applied fields of statistics viz. Vital Statisties and Index Numbers. They will be having hands on practice of working on the data related to above mentioned fields. * This course will help them understand about the working of the Indian Official Statistical System, Learning Outcomes: The learning outcomes of this course are as follows: + Understanding of the distinction between Vital Statistics and Demography. + Knowledge of basic measures of Mortality, Fertility, and Population Growth + Ability to construct of Life Tables. + Understanding of fundamental concepts of Index Numbers. + Ability to construct Price and Quantity Index numbers, Consumer and Wholesale Price Index Numbers. + Knowledge of Official Statistical System in India, Statistical offices at the Centre and States along with their functions. SYLLABUS OF DSC-5 ‘Theory UNIT Vital Statistics Introduction, Sources of collecting vital statistics, Errors in census and registration data, Uses of Vital Statistics. Measurements of mortality: Crude death rate (CDR), Age specific death rate (ASDR), Standardized death rates and Infant mortality rate. (18 Hours) 60Life table: Assumptions, description and construction of Complete life table. Definition of Abridged life tabl Measurements of fertility: Crude birth rate (CBR), General fertility rate (GFR), Age specific fertility rate (ASFR), Total fertility rate (TFR). Measurements of population growth: Crude rate of natural increase, Pearle’s vital index, Gross reproduction rate (GRR) and Net reproduction rate (NRR). UNIT 2 (12 Hours) Index numbers Introduction, Problems involved in the construction of index numbers, Constructions of index numbers of Prices and Quantities. Index numbers based on Average of Price Relatives, Criteria for a good Index numbers. Errors in the measurement of Price and ‘Quantity Index Numbers, Consumer price index number, Concept of Wholesale price index number with interpretation. Uses and Limitation of Index numbers. UNIT 3 (15 Hours) Indian Official Statistics Introduction, Present official statistical system in India, Statistical offices at the Centre, Statistical offices in the States, Methods of collection of official statistics on population, price (retail as well wholesale), PRACTICAL -30 Hours ist of Practicals: 1, To calculate CDR and ASDR for a given set of data 2. To find Standardized death rate by Direct and Indirect method 3. To construct a complete life table 4, To fill in the missing entries in a life table 5. To calculate CBR and GFR fora given set of data 6. To calculate ASFR for a given set of data 7. To calculate TER for a given set of data 8. To calculate Crude rate of Natural Increase and Pearle’s Vital Index 9, To calculate GRR and NRR for a given set of data and compare them. 10. To Construct price and quantity index numbers by Laspeyre’s, Paasche’s, Marshall- Edgeworth, Drobish -Bowley, Walsch and Fisher's Formula. 11. To test the goodness of an Index number using Time Reversible Test and Factor Reversible Test 12. To Construct price index numbers based on Average of Price Relatives 13, To Construct Chain base index numbers 14, Base shifting, Splicing and Deflating of Index Numbers 15. To construct Consumer price index number using Aggregate Expenditure method and Family Budget method and compare Practical work to be conducted using electronic spreadsheet / EXCEL/ Statistical Software Package/ SPSS. ENTIAL READIN © Croxton, Fredrick E, Cowden, Dudley J. and Klein, S. (1973): Applied General Statistics, 3 edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 61© Gun, A.M., Gupta, MK. and Dasgupta, B. (2008): Fundamentals of Statisties, Vol. 9th edition, World Press Pvt. Ltd. iupta, S.C., and Kapoor, V.K. (2008): Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, 4th edition (reprint 2010), Sultan Chand and Sons. © Mukhopadhyay P. (2011): Applied Statistics, 2nd edition (revised reprint), Books and Allied Pvt. Ltd. ‘STED READINGS © Benjamin, B, (1968); Health and Vital Statistics. G. Allen and Unwin, © = Mudgett B.D. (1951): Index Numbers, John Wiley. . . Allen R.G.D. (1975): Index Numbers in Theory and Practice, Macmillan, Nagar A.L. & Das R. K. (1976): Basic Statistics. Note: Exau jon scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch University of Delhi, from time to time, DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC CORE COURSE-6: ALGEBRA FOR STATISTICS. CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY, AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE ‘ourse ttle & [Credits [Credit distribution of the Course Jean rerequisite of riteria the Course (if Lecture [Tutorial [Practical/ ny) [Practice For | (0 I class XH pass Nil jvith [Mathematics Learning Objectives + Algebra serves as a building block that will enable students to learn more advanced techniques that will help them to solve problems more quickly and easily. Learning Outcomes: The learning outcomes of this course are as follows + Understanding the fundamental concepts of matrices and determinants Understanding of partitioning of matrices, Echelon form Solving Linear equations Knowledge of Vector spaces and Subspaces, Orthonormal Basis, Identifying rank of a Matrix Computing generalized inverse, characteristic roots and vectors, quadratic forms 62SYLLABUS OF DSC-6 ‘Theory UNIT I (09 Hours) Algebra of matrices A review related to triangular, symmetric, and skew-symmetric matrices, singular, and non-singular matrices, and their properties. Idempotent matrices, Hermitian and skew Hermitian matrices, orthogonal matrices, ‘Trace of a matrix, unitary, involutory and nilpotent matrices. Adjoint and inverse of a matrix and related properties. Partitioning of matrices and simple properties. UNIT EL (12 Hours) Determinants A review related to properties and applications of determinants for 3" and higher orders, Altemant determinant, Circulant determinant, Jacobi’s Theorem, the product of determinants, Use of determinants in solution to the system of linear equations, row reduction and echelon forms, the matrix equations AX=B, solution sets of linear equations, Applications of linear equations, inverse of a matrix. UNIT HD (09 Hours) Vector spaces Vector spaces, Subspaces, sum of subspaces, Span of a set, Linear dependence and independence, dimension and basis, Gram Schmidt Orthogonalization Process. Rank of a matrix, row-rank, column-rank, standard theorems on ranks, rank of the sum, and the product of two matrices. UNITIV (15 Hours) Generalized Inverse Generalized inverse (concept, properties with illustrations). Characteristic roots and characteristic vector, Properties of characteristic roots and characteristic vector, Cayley Hamilton theorem and application, Spectral Decomposition. Quadratic forms, Derivatives of linear functions, and quadratic forms. Linear orthogonal transformation and their diagonalization. PRACTICAL - 30 Hours List of Practicals: 1, Inverse of a matrix by method of partitioning 2. Every non-singular square matrix can be expressed as product of elementary matrices. 3. Generalised Inverse of a matrix and Symmetric Generalised Inverse of a matrix. 4, Find XGX ' for any matrix X of order nxk; k< n, where G is generalized inverse of X’ X and study its properties. 5. Construction of Idempotent matrix and study its properties. 6. Construction of Orthogonal matrix and study its properties. 7. Characteristic roots and characteristic vectors and its properties 638. Cayley Hamilton Theorem and application, 9. Quadratic Form: (a) Reducing Quadratic Form into canonical form and find rank, index and signature of the form, (b) Identify the nature of Quadratic Form. 10. Construction of an orthonormal basis vector using Gram Schmidt Orthogonalization process, Practical work to be conducted using clectronic spreadsheet / EXCEL/ Statistical Software Package/ SPSS. ‘TIAL READIN © Searle, S.R.: Matrix Algebra useful for Statistics, John Wiley & Sons, 1982, © Krishnamurthy, V., Mainra, V.P. and Arora, J.L. (2015), An Introduction to Linear Algebra, East West Press Pvt, Ltd., New Delhi. © Hadley, G.: Linear Algebra, Narosa Publishing House (Reprint), 2002. © Gupta, S. C.: An Introduction to Matrices (Reprint), Sultan Chand & Sons, 2008. SUGGESTED READINGS © Biswas, S. (1997). A Textbook of Matrix Algebra, New Age International, © Singal, M.K. and Singal, Asha Rani: Algebra, R. Chand & Co., 2011. Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination Branch University of Delhi, from time to time,