Roadmap to Becoming a Data Scientist:
From Beginner to Expert
Stage 1: Beginner – Build Strong Foundations
Goal: Understand basic concepts in programming, statistics, and data handling.
Key Topics:
Python Programming
- Variables, data types, loops, functions
- Libraries: pandas, numpy, matplotlib
Basic Statistics
- Mean, median, mode, standard deviation
- Probability basics
Data Handling
- Reading and cleaning data (CSV/Excel) with pandas
Tools:
Jupyter Notebook / Google Colab
Git & GitHub
VS Code
Resources:
Python for Everybody (Coursera)
Python for Data Analysis by Wes McKinney
FreeCodeCamp tutorials (YouTube)
Stage 2: Intermediate – Learn Core Data Science Skills
Goal: Learn the data science workflow and basic machine learning.
Key Topics:
Data Visualization: matplotlib, seaborn, plotly
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
Intermediate Statistics: Hypothesis testing, distributions
Machine Learning Basics: Linear regression, decision trees, k-NN (scikit-learn)
Resources:
IBM Data Science Professional Certificate (Coursera)
Hands-On Machine Learning by Aurélien Géron
Projects:
Titanic survival prediction (Kaggle)
House price prediction
Stage 3: Advanced – Specialize & Deepen Expertise
Goal: Master ML, deep learning, and deployment.
Key Topics:
Advanced ML: SVMs, Random Forests, Gradient Boosting (XGBoost, LightGBM)
Deep Learning: Neural nets, CNNs, RNNs, Transformers (TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch)
Model Deployment: Flask/FastAPI, Docker, Streamlit
Cloud & Big Data (Optional): SQL, Spark, AWS/GCP
Resources:
DeepLearning.AI Specialization (Coursera)
Deep Learning with Python by François Chollet
Projects:
Image classification
Sentiment analysis
Time series forecasting
Stage 4: Expert – Real-World Experience & Contributions
Goal: Apply skills professionally, build portfolio, and contribute to community.
Key Actions:
Build portfolio website
Contribute to open-source
Enter Kaggle competitions
Write blogs/tutorials
Network and collaborate
Seek internships/freelancing
Optional Specializations:
NLP, Computer Vision, Recommender Systems, MLOps