1. The enthalpy at the entrance of the condenser is 1660 KJ/kg and exit is 315 KJ/kg.

The compressor has an enthalpy

of 1450 KJ/kg at entrance. Determine the COP.
2. What is the coefficient of a vapor compression refrigeration system having the following data: Enthalpy entering
the compression is 181.79; enthalpy after compression work is 207.3 KJ/kg. After condensation the enthalpy is
58.2 and the throttled from 0.19 Mpa to 0.18 Mpa.
3. A refrigeration system using R-22 has a capacity of 320 kw of refrigeration. The evaporating temperature is minus
10 degrees C and the condensing temperature is 40°C. Calculate the fraction of vapor in the mixture before the
evaporator. Properties of R-22 are:
At -10°C hg = 401.60 KJ/kg hf = 188.426 KJ/kg At 40°C hf = 249.686 KJ/kg
4. A 140 mm x 140 mm single effect, twin-cylinder single acting Freon-12 compressor with a refrigeration capacity of
40 kw operates between a discharge pressure of 1300 kpa and a suction pressure of 350 kpa. The speed of the
compressor is 600 rpm. If the discharge pressure shall be raised to 1400 kpa, at what speed (rpm) should the
compressor be run to produce the same refrigeration capacity and assuming the volumetric efficiency to remain
the same?
5. A mass of ice at 25°F is needed to cool 250 pound of vegetables in a bunker, for 24 hours. The initial temperature
of the vegetables is assumed to be 85°F. It is also assumed that the average temperature inside the bunker is 45°F,
within the 24-hour period. If the heat gained per hour in the bunker is 30% of the heat removed to cool the
vegetables from 85°F to 45°F, what would be the required mass of ice? Specific heat of ice = 0.463 Specific heat of
vegetables = 0.80 Specific heat of water = 1.01 Heat of fusion of ice = 144 Btu/lb
6. Magnolia Dairy products plant must cool 4000 gallons of fresh milk received from the farm per day from an initial
temperature of 80°F to a temperature of 38°C in 5 hours. If the density of milk is 8.6 lbs/gallon, specific gravity is
1.03, and specific heat is 0.935 how much brine must be circulated if the change in temperature is 15°F, specific
gravity is 1.182, and specific heat is 0.729?
7. An ice plant produces 20 tons of ice per day at -15°C from water at 25°C. If miscellaneous losses are 12% of the
freezing and chilling load, calculate the refrigeration capacity of the plant in tons of refrigeration.
8. A belt driven compressor is used in a refrigeration system that will cool 10 li/sec of water from 13°C to 1°C. The
belt efficiency is 98%, motor efficiency is 85%, and the input of compressor is 0.7 KW/ton of refrigeration. Find the
mass flow rate of condenser cooling water warmed from 21°C to 32°C if overall efficiency is 65%.
9. A vapor compression refrigeration system is designed to have a capacity of 100 tons of refrigeration. It produces
chilled water from 22°C to 2°C. Its actual coefficient of performance is 5.96 and 35% of the power supplied to the
compressor is lost in the form of friction and cylinder cooling losses. Determine size of the electric motor required
to drive the compressor in kilowatts.
10. A vapor compression refrigeration system has a 30 KW motor driving the compressor. The compressor inlet
pressure and temperature are 64.17 Kpa and 20°C respectively and discharge pressure of 960 Kpa. Saturated liquid
enters the expansion valve. Using Freon 12 as refrigerant, determine the capacity of the unit in tons of
refrigeration.
11. The mass flow of refrigerant entering the compressor is 0.1 kg/sec with change of enthalpy of 400 KJ/kg. For
compressor efficiency of 70% and motor efficiency of 80%, find the electrical energy needed for one day.
12. An air-conditioning plant with a capacity of 400 KW of refrigeration has an evaporating and condensing
temperature of 3°C and 37°C respectively. If it uses Refrigerant 12, what is the volumetric rate of flow under suction
condition
13. The heat rejected from the condenser is 200 KW. The mass flow of water entering is 5 kg/sec at 23°C. If the
temperature between the condenser cooling water outlet and condenser temperature is 5°C, what is the
condenser temp?
14. The refrigerant volume flow rate at the entrance of compressor were obtained from a test on twin cylinder, single
acting 15cm x 20cm, 320rpm compressor ammonia refrigerating plant to be 33L/s. Determine the volumetric
efficiency? ANSWER: 87.6%
15. Consider 1kg of air at 32 degree Celsius that experienced by a reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25, until the
pressure is halved. Determine the heat transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air is 0.7186 kJ/kg-K. ANSWER:
17.02 kJ (Heat Added)
16. Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second enter the condenser at 25 degree Celsius and leaves at 50 degree
Celsius. Find the heat carried away by the water. ANSWER: 5,233.75 kW
17. Ten kilograms per seconds of steam enter the turbine with an enthalpy of 3,200 kJ/kg and enter the condenser
with an enthalpy of 2,500 kJ/kg in Rankine Cycle. If the turbine efficiency is 80% and the generator efficiency 90%.
Determine the power plant output. ANSWER: 5040 kW
18. Determine the quality of steam in a vessel containing 2 kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of saturated liquid. ANSWER:
20%
19. Three hundred kilojoules of heat flow by conduction from the outside to the inside of a cold storage in one hour.
If the temperature and all other conditions are the same. What is the heat flowing through the cold storage room
in two hours? ANSWER: 600 KJ
20. Heat pump has a performance factor of 8. If the heat pump is used as a refrigerator. What is the HP/TOR? ANSWER:
0.673
21. Determine the specific weight of air at 760 mmHg absolute of 22 degree Celsius? ANSWER: 1.197 kg/m3
22. A window type air conditioner is rated with compressor power of the EER is 11.1. Cooling capacity in TOR?
ANSWER: 0.69
23. Find the COP of the refrigeration whose energy supply equals ¼ the amount of heat it extracts. ANSWER: 4
24. A regenerating system consume 28,800 kW-hr per month of energy. There are 20% of energy is loss due to cooling
system of compressor and motor efficiency is 90% if COP of the system is 6, find the TOR of the system. ANSWER:
49.15 TOR
25. Otto Cycle has a compression ratio of 8. .Find rp=? ANSWER: 18.38
26. A Diesel Cycle has cut-off of 2.5, re=4. Find the clearance of the cycle. ANSWER: 11.11
27. A Dual Cycle has an initial temperature of 30 deg. C. The compression ratio is 6 and the heat added at constant
volume process is 600 kJ/kg if cut-off ratio is 2.5, find Tmax? ANSWER: 3365.50 deg. C
28. A reverse Carnot Cycle Air refrigeration equipment has a compressor working by a compression ratio of 12. The
temperature limits of the cycle are 300 K and 270 K. Determine the refrigerating effect of the units. ANSWER: 1.26
TR
29. A refrigeration system produces 20 kg/hr of ice from water at 20 deg C. Find the tonnage of the unit. ANSWER:
0.66
30. About 3 HP per ton is required to maintain a temperature of -40 deg. C in a refrigerator. If the refrigerator works
on the reverse Carnot Cycle, determine the heat rejected to the sink per ton of refrigerator. ANSWER: -81.61
kCal/min
31. Determine the mass of ice produced from water per day for the following conditions: Water temperature 22 deg
C, tonnage of the unit 150 tons, operating temperature –5 deg C and 28 deg C, 330 kJ/kg. ANSWER: 107,498 kg
32. . A cold storage required to store 20 tons of fish. The fish is supplied at a temperature of 30 deg C. The specific
heat of fish above the freezing point is 2.93 kJ/kg-k. The specific heat of fish below freezing point is 1.26 kJ/kg-K.
The fish is stored in cold storage that is maintained at -8 deg C. The freezing point of the fish is -4 deg C. The latent
heat of solidification of the fish is 235 kJ/kg. If the plant requires 75 kW to drive it, find the time taken to achieve
cooling. Assume the actual COP as 0.3 times the Carnot COP of refrigeration ANSWER: 12.03 hrs.
33. A perfect gas has a value of 58.8 ft-lbf/lbm-R and k=1.26. If 20 BTU are added to 10 lbs of the gas at constant
volume when the initial temperature is 90 deg F. Find the final temperature. ANSWER: 97 deg F
34. A refrigeration system produce 20 kg/hr of ice from water at 20 deg C. Find the tonnage of the unit. ANSWER: 0.66
35. A tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of 350 psig. If air is cooled until its pressure and temperature decreases
to 200 psig and 70 deg F, what is the decrease in internal energy? ANSWER: -6232.09 BTU
36. About 3 HP per ton is required to maintain temperature of -40 deg C in a refrigerator. If the refrigeration works on
reverse Carnot Cycle, determine the heat rejected to the sink per TOR. ANSWER: 81.61 kCal/min
37. Determine the mass of ice produced from water per day for the following conditions: Water temperature 22
tonnage of the unit 150 tons, operating temperature -5 ANSWER: 107,498 kg
38. A refrigeration plant is rated at 15 Tons capacity. How many lbs of air per hour will it cool from 70 to 90 deg.
Farenheit constant pressure. ANSWER: 37,500 lb/hr
39. A refrigerator is rated at USA 1 ton capacity. It maintains cooling temperature of 4.4 deg C (Evaporator Temp). A
refrigerant with a refrigerating effect of 136 KJ per kg in the condenser just a head of the expansion valve. If the
refrigerant vapor has a density of 19.8 kg/m3, what should be the capacity of the compressor? ANSWER: 0.078
m3/min
40. Determine the air-standard efficiency of an engine operating on a Diesel cycle with clearance of 6% with the
suction pressure is 99.97 kPa and the fuel is injected at 7% of the stroke. Assume k=1.4. ANSWER: 62.11%
41. An engine operates on a Carnot cycle between the temperature of 500 deg. C and 30 deg C produces 50 kJ of work.
What changes in entropy occurs during the heat rejection portion of the cycle? ANSWER: 106.4 J/K
42. Steam at 2 MPa and 250 deg. C in a rigid cylinder is cooled until the quality is 30%. Find the heat rejected from the
cylinder: @2Mpa and 250 deg. C, V=0.11144 m3/kg u=2679.6kJ/kg @2Mpa(saturated) Vf = 0.0011767 m3/kg ) Vg
= 0.09963 m3/kg uf = 906.4 kJ/kg ug = 1693.8 kJ/kg. ANSWER: -1265.02 kJ/kg
43. A 3 Hp refrigerator of heat pump operates between 0 deg F and 100 deg F. The maximum theoretical heat that can
be transferred from the cold reservoir is nearest to: ANSWER: 35,000 BTU/hr 110. At 1.3 MPa, mixture steam and
water has an entropy of 3 kJ/kg-K. Find the enthalpy of the mixture. @ 1.3 Mpa, sf = 2.2525 sg = 6.4953, hf =
814.93, hfg = 1972.7 ANSWER: 1162.40 kJ/kg
44. Mixture with 70% quality at 500 kPa is heated isotermically until its pressure is 300 kPa. Find the heat added during
the process: @ 500 kPa, sf = 1.8607 sfg = 4.9606 @300 kPa and 151.86 deg. C, s = 7.0888 kJ/ kg ANSWER: 745.92
kJ/kg
45. A certain coal has the following ultimate analysis: C = 69% N2 = 5% H2 = 2.5% S = 7%. Determine the amount of
oxygen if the heating value of fuel is 26961.45 kJ/kg. ANSWER: 3.5%
46. A diesel engine consumed 645 liters of fuel per day at 35 deg. C. If the fuel was purchased at 15.5 deg. C and API
30 deg. At P29.00 per liter. Determine the cost of fuel to operate the engine per day. ANSWER: 27, 127.76
47. The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the following gravimetric analysis: CO2 = 21.6% O2 = 4.2% N2 = 74.2%,
specific heat at constant pressure for each component of the exhaust gas in kCal/kg deg. C are CO2 = 0.203, O2 =
0.219, N2 = 0.248. Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular weight of air is 28.97 kg/kgmole. ANSWER: 1.055
48. A bituminous coal has the following composition: C = 71.5% H = 5.0% O2 = 7.00% N2 = 1.3% S = 3% ASH = 7.6% M
= 3.4%. Determine theoretical weight of nitrogen in lb/lbcoal. ANSWER: 7.026
49. A gaseous fuel mixture has a molar analysis: H2 = 14% CH4 = 3% CO = 27%. Determine the air fuel ratio for complete
combustion on molar basis. ANSWER: 1.283
50. A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture is as follows: CO2 = 12% O2 = 4% N2 = 82% CO = 4%. What is the percentage
of CO2 on mass basis. ANSWER: 17.55
51. An air-standard engine has a compression ratio of 18 and cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake air pressure and
temperature are 100kPa and 27 deg. C, find the work in kJ/kg. ANSWER: 2751
52. The logging firm in Isabela operates a diesel electronic plant to supply its electric energy requirements during 24
hr period, the plant consume 250 gallons of fuel at 80 deg. F and produce 2900 kW-hr. Industrial fue used is 30
deg. API and was purchased at P30.00 per liter at 60 deg. F. Determine the overall theoretical efficiency of the
plant. ANSWER: 28.00%
53. The following coal has the following ultimate analysis by weight: C = 70.5%; H2 = 4.5%; O2 = 6.0%; N2 = 1.0%; S =
3.0%; ASH = 11%; Moisture = 4% with e = 0.3. A stoker fired boiler of 195,000 kg/hr. Steaming capacity uses this
coal as fuel. Calculate the volume of air in m3/hr with air at 60 deg. F and 14.7 psia pressure if biler efficiency is
70% and FE = 1.10. ANSWER: 234.019 m3/hr
54. A cylinder tank 4 m long and 3 m diameter is used for oil storage. How many days can the tank supply the engine
having 27 deg. API with fuel consumption of 60 kg/hr? ANSWER: 17.53
55. Carnot Cycle A,B, and C are connected in series such that the heat rejected from a will be heat added to B and heat
added from B will be added to C. Each cycle operates between 30 deg. C to 400 deg. C. If heat added to A is 1000
kW, find the work output of C. ANSWER: 111.44 kW
56. A reverse Carnot Cycle air conditioner of 4 TR capacity operates with a cooling coil of temperature of 5 deg C. The
surrounding air at 45 deg. C used as a cooling medium rising to the temperature of 55 deg. C. The temperature of
QR is 60 deg C. Determine mass flow rate of air entering the heat exchanger. ANSWER: 0.07 kg/s
57. A reverse Carnot Cycle Air refrigeration equipment has a compressor working by a compression ratio of 12. The
temperature limits of the cycle are 300 K and 270 K. Determine the refrigerating effect of the units. ANSWER: 1.26
TR
58. Air is used in a Carnot engine where the volumes at the beginning of the constant temperature heat addition and
end of constant and 6.73 cm² respectively. Calculate the thermal efficiency. ANSWER: 0.656