EOT2_GRADE 9/12_REVISION_USE OF ENGLISH

REPORTED SPEECH_PAST PERFECT IN REPORTED SPEECH

1. Định nghĩa:

Reported speech (câu tng thut) là cách thut li li nói ca ngi khác mà không trích dn trc tip.

Ví d:
● Direct speech: "I am studying English," she said.
● Reported speech: She said (that) she was studying English.

2. Quy tắc chuyển đổi khi dùng câu gián tiếp

a/ Bng thng kê các quy tc lùi thì trong câu tng thut (Reported Speech):

Trc tip (Direct Speech) Gián tip (Reported Speech)

Present Simple Past Simple

"I like this book," he said. He said (that) he liked that book.

Present Continuous am/is/are + V-ing Past Continuous was/were + V-ing

"She is watching TV," he said. He said (that) she was watching TV.

Present Perfect Past Perfect

"They have finished their work," she said. She said (that) they had finished their work.

Past Simple Past Perfect

"He bought a new car," she said. She said (that) he had bought a new car.

Past Continuous was/were + V-ing Past Perfect Continuous had been + V-ing

"She was cooking dinner," he said. He said (that) she had been cooking dinner.

Past Perfect Past Perfect

"She had finished her work," he said. He said (that) she had finished her work.

Future Simple will + V Future in the Past would + V

 "I will call you tomorrow," she said. She said (that) she would call me the next day.

Future Continuous will be + V-ing Future Continuous in the Past would be +

V-ing

"I will be waiting for you," he said. He said (that) he would be waiting for me.

Future Perfect Future Perfect in the Past

"They will have finished by then," she said. She said (that) they would have finished by then.

b/ Bảng quy tắc lùi thì của các động từ khuyết thiếu (modal verbs) trong câu tường thuật:

Trc tip (Direct Speech) Gián tip (Reported Speech)

Will would "I will help you," he said. He said (that) he would help me.

Can could "She can swim," he said. He said (that) she could swim.

May might "He may be late," she said. She said (that) he might be late.

"You must finish your homework," she said. She said (that) I had to finish my h
Must had to (quy tc, bt buc)
(thng) hoc gi nguyên

(suy đoán – giữ nguyên)

"You shall do your best," he said. He said (that) I should do my best.

Shall should (li khuyên)
(nu là li khuyên) /
would (nếu là dự định)
(dự định)

Should / Would / Could / Might / Ought to / Used

"Youtoshould
Gi nguyên
see a doctor," he said. He said (that) I should see a doctor.

🔹 Lưu ý:

● Một số modal verbs như could, might, should, would, ought to, used to không thay đổi khi chuyển
sang câu gián tiếp.
 ● "Must" có thể lùi về "had to" nếu diễn tả nghĩa bắt buộc, nhưng nếu dùng để suy đoán thì giữ
nguyên.

c/ Bảng quy tắc thay đổi đại từ và trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn:

Direct Speech Reported Speech

this that "This book is mine," she said. She said that that book was hers.

these those "These flowers are beautiful," he said. He said those flowers were beautiful.

now then "I am busy now," she said. She said she was busy then.

today that day "I have an exam today," he said. He said he had an exam that day.

yesterday the day before "I met him yesterday," she said. She said she had met him the day before.

tomorrow the next day "I will go there tomorrow," he said. He said he would go there the next day.

here there "I live here," she said. She said she lived there.

3/ Quy tắc chuyển đổi sang câu gián tiếp với từng loại câu:

a/ Câu trn thut:

- Động từ tường thuật phổ biến:

+ say (to someone) + that: He said (to me) that...
+ tell someone + that: She told me that...
+ admit, claim, explain, mention, reply, state, announce...
- Lùi thì theo quy tc phía trên
- Thay đổi đại từ và tính từ sở hữu: Đại từ và tính từ sở hữu thay đổi để phù hợp với người nói/người
nghe.
"I love my job," she said. → She said she loved her job.
they had lost their keys.
- Thay đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm (nếu cần, dùng bảng quy tắc phía trên)

b/ Câu hỏi với từ để hỏi (WH-Questions)

- B du hi
- Chuyển câu hỏi về dạng câu khẳng định
- Giữ nguyên từ để hỏi (who, what, where, when, why, how, etc.)
"Where do you live?" she asked. She asked where I lived.
"Why are you late?" he asked. He asked why I was late.
c/ Câu hi Yes/No (Yes/No Questions)

- Dùng 'if' hoc 'whether': S + asked + if/whether + S + V (lùi thì nu cn)

Lưu ý: if và whether có thể dùng thay thế nhau, nhưng whether thường dùng trong văn phong
trang trọng hoặc khi có or not.

"Will she join the team or not?" he asked. He asked whether she would join the team or not.

- Lùi thì (nu cn)

- Thay đổi đại từ, tính từ sở hữu, trạng từ thời gian & địa điểm
"Do you speak English?" she asked. She asked if I spoke English.

"Did she finish her homework?" he asked. He asked if she had finished her homework.

"Will they come to the party?" she asked. She asked whether they would come to the party.

"Can you help me with my project?" he asked. He asked if I could help him with his project.

d/ Câu mnh lnh

- Khi chuyển câu mệnh lệnh sang Reported Speech, ta sử dụng tell / order / ask + (tân ngữ) + to V
đối với câu khẳng định và not to V đối với câu phủ định.
"Close the door," she said. -> She told me to close the door.
"Be quiet," the teacher said. -> The teacher asked us to be quiet.
"Sit down," he said to me. -> He ordered me to sit down.
- Câu đề nghị với 'Let’s'
Cu trúc:
S + suggested + V-ing
S + suggested that + S + (should) V

"Let's go to the park," she said.

- Lưu ý:
Told thng dùng khi ra lnh.
Asked mang nghĩa nhẹ nhàng hơn, thường dùng khi nhờ vả.
Ordered dùng khi câu lnh có tính cng ép hoc mnh m hn.

4/ Past Perfect in Reported Speech

- Câu gc thì Past Simple Chuyn sang Past Perfect

"Where did she go?" (He asked) -> He asked where she had gone.

- Câu gc thì Present Perfect Chuyn sang Past Perfect

"Why have they left?" (He asked) -> He asked why they had left.
 - Câu gc thì Past Perfect Gi nguyên Past Perfect

"How had he solved the problem?" (They wondered) -> They wondered how he had solved the
problem.

5/ Luyn tp

Exercise 1: Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

1. Lily said she was leaving for Hanoi _________.

A. next week

B. the week previous

C. following week

D. the following week

2. The teacher asked students_________ .

A. why did they slept

B. why they were sleeping

C. why they sleep

D. why were they sleeping

3. Daniel said that Tokyo _________ more lively than Seoul.

A. is

B. be

C. was

D. were

4. Jack was pessimistic about the exam. I advised him _________.

A. no worry

B. not worry

C. no to worry

D. not to worry

5. He wanted to know where they _________.

A. had lived

B. lived

C. was lived
D. has lived

6. He asked me if I _________.

A. had seen that car

B. saw that car

C. has seen that car

D. see that car

7. Henry told me that he _________ home after the event.

A. walked

B. had walked

C. walking

D. was walking

8. Leo asked her _________ .

A. what time does the meeting end

B. what time the meeting end

C. what time the meeting ended

D. what time did the meeting end

9. My friend _________ me there’s been an accident on that street.

A. asked

B. said

C. spoke

D. told

10. Jenny wonders _________ doing well at school.

A. whether her sisters are

B. if her sisters were

C. her sisters were

D. her sisters are if

11. David asked Timmy why _________ the film on television the day before.

A. didn’t he watch

B. hadn’t he watched

C. he doesn’t watch
D. he hadn’t watched

12. She asked me if I _________ speak Vietnamese.

A. could

B. can

C. will

D. was

13. She wanted to know what they _________.

A. doing

B. were doing

C. did

D. had been doing

14. The mother asked her son where _________.

A. was

B. is

C. had been

D. has been

15. Mimi wanted to know if he _________.

A. was going to the cinema

B. went to the cinema

C. goes to the cinema

D. had gone to the cinema

16. Bloom asked where_________.

A. her book is

B. her book was

C. her book had been

D. her book had been being

17. The manager asked us what we_________.

A. talked about

B.had been talked about

C. were talking about

D. talking about

18. Max asked whether I _________ this game.

A. had played

B. have played

C. was played

D. played

19. My sister asked me how long I _________ to study in America.

A. planned

B. was planning

C. had been planning

D. planning

20. Minh advised her husband _________ too much.

A. wasn’t drinking

B. don’t drink

C. had not drunk

D. not to drink

21. She told me she _________.

A. didn’t finish her homework

B. hadn’t finished her homework

C. had not been finishing her homework

D. wasn’t finishing her homework

22. He says he _________ London the next week.

A. goes

B. was going to

C. is going to

D. had been gone

23. I told Nick that my parents would come there to visit us _________.

A. the following day

B. tomorrow

C. yesterday
D. next day

24. Emma told me that she _________ anymore.

A. didn’t love me

B. not to love me

C. wasn’t loving me

D. would not be loving me

25. My dad said that he had done it the week before.

A. the following week

B. the week before

C. the next week

D. last week

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences or questions in Reported Speech.

1. “Where is my phone?” he asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

2. “What are you doing?” he asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

3. “Has Emily talked to Jessica?” my sister asked me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

4. “Are you going to bed?” she asked me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

5. “Did you lock the door?” she asked me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

6. “I could play the guitar when I was seven,” she said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

7. “I don’t like peanut butter,” he said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

8. “You should go to school early,” Lily said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

9. “Will you help me, please?” Becky asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
10. ”Don’t play the guitar in this room,” the music teacher said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

11. ”What are they talking about?”

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

12. “I have just sent a letter to Hoa,” Bella said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

13. “Do you like listening to music?” Alex asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

14. “Which bike do you like best?” My brother asked me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

15. “Why don’t you help Jack?” Jenny asked her.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

16. “Can I pick you up at 8 p.m?” she asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

17. “Where is the ideal place to go camping?” Nhung asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

18. “Hank, please don’t tell anyone your salary.” said Tom.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

19. “I’ll call you tomorrow.”

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

20. “When was your daughter born?” said the doctor to Linda.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

21. “Did Daniel send the book to you?” He asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

22. “Can I help you, David?” asked Harry.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

23. “Don’t tell her about it.” she said.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

24. “Did you buy the red dress?” she asked me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
25. The boy asked, “Who made the noise?”

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences or questions in Reported Speech.

1. "I visited my grandparents last weekend," Tom said.

_________________________________________________________________________________

2. "She didn’t call me yesterday," he said.

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. "We finished our project on time," they said.

_________________________________________________________________________________

4. "I saw a UFO in the sky," she said.

_________________________________________________________________________________

5. "He didn’t understand the lesson," the teacher said.

_________________________________________________________________________________
Answer Key:

Exercise 1:

1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A

6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B

11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A

16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D

21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B

Exercise 2:

1. He asked where his phone was.

2. He wanted to know what I was doing.

3. My sister asked me if Emily had talked to Jessica.

4. She wanted to know if I was going to bed.

5. He asked me if I had locked the door.

6. She said she could play the guitar when she was three.

7. He said that he didn’t like peanut butter.

8. Lily said that I should go to school early.

9. Becky asked me to help her.

10. The music teacher told us not to play guitar in that room.

11. She asked me what they were talking about.

12. Bella told me that she had just sent a letter to Hoa.

13. Alex asked me if I liked listening to music.

14. My brother asked me which bike I liked best.

15. Jenny wanted to know why she didn’t help Jack.

16. She asked me if she could pick me up at 8 p.m.

17. Nhung asked where the ideal place to go camping was.

18. Tom asked Hank not to tell anyone about his salary.

19. I told him that I would call him the next day.

20. The doctor asked Linda where her daughter had been born.

21. He asked if Daniel had sent the book to me.

22. Harry asked David if he could help him.

23. She told me not to tell her about it.

24. She asked me if I had bought the red dress.

25. The boy wanted to know who was making the noise.

Exercise 3:

1.
"I visited my grandparents last weekend," Tom said.

2.
"She didn’t call me yesterday," he said.

3.
"We finished our project on time," they said.

4.
"I saw a UFO in the sky," she said.

5.
"He didn’t understand the lesson," the teacher said.