EVERWIN VIDHYASHRAM

SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

COMPUTER SCIENCE WITH PYTHON

PROJECT: 2024-2025
TOPIC: PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

DONE BY:
V.UDHAYA PRAKASH
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “PARKING
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is a record of bonafide
work carries out by “V.UDHAYA PRAKASH” of
XII “ARDENT”. In partial fulfilment of the
requirements in COMPUTER SCIENCE prescribed
by CBSE for CBSE-BOARD 2024-2025 in school
EVERWIN VIDHYASHRAM SENIOR SEC-
SCHOOL, Kolathur , Chennai-600099.

DATE: PRINCIPAL

INTERNAL EXTERNAL
 DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the project work entitled
“PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”,
submitted to EVERWIN VIDHYASHRAM
SENIOR SEC-SCHOOL, Kolathur, Chennai for
the subject of “COMPUTER SCIENCE”. Under
the guidance of “S.SUMALATHA” is a record
of original work done by us. We further declare
that this project record or any part of this has not
been submitted elsewhere for any other class.

DATE: MEMBERS:1

PLACE:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express our sincere thanks to
MS.VIDHYA HARI, Principal of EVERWIN
VIDHYASHRAM SENIOR SEC-SCHOOL,
Kolathur, Chennai for guiding us to cause the
successful outcome of this project work.

We wish to express our deep and profound

sense of gratitude to our teacher S.SUMALATHA
for her expert help and valuable guidance,
comments and suggestions. We also place on
record, our sincere gratitude to one and all who,
directly or indirectly have lent their helping
hand in this venture.
 CONTENTS
 Introduction to python
 Advantages of python
 Introduction to Parking
Management System
 Advantages of Parking
Management System
 Scope of Parking Management
 Hardware and Software of Parking
Management
 Source Code
 Output Screen
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON

Python programming language was developed

by Guido Van Rossum in February 1991. This
programming language was named after the
famous BBC comedy show names Monty
Python’s Flying Circus. Python is a interpreted
language.
Python is influenced with two programming
language:
 ABC language
 Modula-3

 Modes of working in python:

  INTERACTIVE MODE: Also called as
“IMMEDIATE MODE”. This mode does not
commands in the form of a program and also the
output is sandwiched between commands. It is
suitable for testing code.
 SCRIPT MODE: It is useful for creating
programs. User has to save the program and then
run the program where the output is given as a
whole.

ADVANTAGES OF PYTHON

 EASY TO USE:
Python is compact and very easy to use
object-oriented language with very simple syntax
rules. It is a very high-level language and highly
programmer friendly.
  INTERPRETED LANGUAGE:
Python is a interpreted language. It makes
python an easy to debug language and it is suitable
for beginners to advanced users.

 ITS COMPLETENESS:
For most types of required functionality is
available through various modules of python
standard library.

 CROSS-PLATFORM LANGUAGE:
Python can run equally well on variety of
platforms like Window, Linux, Macintosh and many
more. Thus, python is a portable language.

 FREE AND OPEN SOURCE:

Python is freely available with its source code.
  VARIETY OF USAGE APPLICATION:
Python has evolved into a powerful, complete
and useful language. Python is being used in many
Fields and application, some are: Graphical User
Interface, Scripting, etc...

 AVAILABILITY OF LIBRARIES:
There are over 137,000 python libraries
present today and they play a vital role in developing
machine learning, data science, data visualization,
image and data manipulation application.

 EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE:
Python has fewer lines of code.
For example: # IN PYTHON: Swap values
a,b=2,3
a,b=b,a
 INTRODUCTION OF PARKING
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

This is a project based on Parking Management. The

program helps us to enter, display or alter the details
of vehicles in parking record.
Moreover and most importantly the program helps
us. The program also helps us to know the present
status of a parking detail, vehicles detail etc…
It includes various function programs to do the
above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the
program.
The database is a collection of interrelated data to
serve multiple applications. That is database
program create files of information. So we see that
files are worked with most, inside the program.

 DBMS
The software required for the management of data is
called as DBMS. It has 3 models
 Relation model
 Hierarchical model
 Network model
RELATION MODEL: It’s based on the concept
on relation. Relation is the table that consists of rows
and columns. The rows of the table are tuple and the
column of the are called attribute. Numbers of rows
in the table is called as cardinality. Numbers of
columns in the table is called as degree.

HIERARCHICAL MODEL: In this type of model

we have multiple records of each record. A
particular record has one parent record. No chide
record can exist without parent record.

NETWORK MODEL: In this, the data is

represented by collection of records and relationship.

 CHARACTISTICS OF DBMS:
 It reduces the redundancy
 Reduction of data in inconsistency
  Data sharing
 Data standardization
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF FILES
 Sequential file
 Serial file
 Random file
 BASED ON STORAGE
 Text file
 Binary file
 ADVANTAGES OF PARKING
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 There is a greater sense of security due to the

fact that patrons do not actually walk to and
from their own space.
 It is highly feasible for extremely small sites that
are unable to accommodate a conventional
ramped parking structure.
 There is high parking efficiency.
 There is no need of driving while looking for an
available space.
 Emissions are greatly brought down and
reduced.
 The patrons wait for their car in a highly
controlled environment.
 There are less chances for vehicle vandalism.
 There is a minimal staff requirement if it is used
by known parkers.
 It is possible that the retrieval time is lower than
the combined driving/parking/walking time in
conventional ramped parking structures.
 There is an easier façade integration since there
are no ramping floors or opening in exterior
walls.
 SCOPE OF PARKING
MANAGEMENT

Parking management encompasses a broad range of

strategies and practices aimed at efficiently utilizing
and regulating parking spaces. Here's an overview of
the scope of parking management:
1. “Planning and Design”: This involves designing
parking facilities that are functional, safe, and
efficient. It includes considerations like layout,
accessibility, capacity estimation, and integration
with surrounding infrastructure.

2. “Regulation and Policy”: Establishing rules and

regulations governing parking, such as time limits,
permit requirements, and enforcement procedures.
This also includes setting pricing strategies to
manage demand effectively.
3. “Technology and Infrastructure”: Implementing
technology solutions such as parking meters,
automated payment systems, sensors for occupancy
detection, and mobile apps for real-time information
and reservations.
4. “Sustainability”: Encouraging the use of eco-
friendly practices in parking facilities, such as
implementing electric vehicle charging stations,
promoting carpooling, and integrating with public
transportation systems.
5. “Accessibility and Safety”: Ensuring that parking
facilities are accessible to all users, including
individuals with disabilities, and implementing
safety measures to prevent accidents and ensure
personal security.

6. “Traffic Flow Optimization”: Managing the flow

of vehicles within parking facilities and around them
to minimize congestion and improve efficiency.
7. “Revenue Management”: Maximizing revenue
through efficient use of parking spaces, pricing
strategies, and cost-effective maintenance practices.
8. “Data Analysis and Decision Making”: Using data
analytics to understand parking demand patterns,
optimize operations, and make informed decisions
about future planning and improvements.
9. “Public Relations and Community Engagement”:
Engaging with the community and stakeholders to
address concerns, gather feedback, and promote
awareness of parking policies and initiatives.
10. “Legal and Regulatory Compliance”: Adhering
to local regulations, zoning laws, environmental
standards, and other legal requirements related to
parking management.
Overall, effective parking management contributes
to reducing traffic congestion, improving air quality,
enhancing urban mobility, and creating more livable
and sustainable communities. The scope continues to
expand with advancements in technology and
changing urban dynamics, emphasizing the
importance of holistic and integrated approaches to
managing parking resources.
 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE OF
PARKING MANAGEMENT
Parking management systems rely on a combination
of hardware and software to efficiently control and
monitor parking spaces. Here’s an overview of the
hardware and software components typically
involved:
 Hardware Components:

1. “Parking Meters and Pay Stations”:

 “Parking Meters”: These are devices used for
collecting parking fees from users. They may be
coin-operated, card-operated, or accept payments via
mobile apps.
“Pay Stations”: Larger units that serve multiple
parking spaces and accept various payment methods.
2. “Parking Sensors”
“Occupancy Sensors”: These detect whether a
parking space is occupied or vacant, providing real-
time data on space availability.
“Vehicle Detection Sensors”: Used at entry and
exit points to monitor the flow of vehicles and
manage access.
3. “Barrier Gates and Access Control Systems”:
“Barrier Gates”: Control entry and exit points to
parking facilities, automatically opening or closing
based on access permissions.
 “Access Control Systems”: Include RFID readers,
barcode scanners, or license plate recognition
systems to authenticate vehicles.

4. “Surveillance Cameras”:
“CCTV Cameras”: Monitor parking areas for
security purposes and to enforce parking regulations.
“License Plate Recognition (LPR) Cameras”:
Automatically capture and recognize license plate
numbers for access control and enforcement.
5. “Ticket Dispensers and Validation Systems”:
“Ticket Dispensers”: Issue parking tickets at entry
points, which may include date, time, and location
information.
“Validation Systems”: Verify parking tickets or
provide discounts for validated tickets.
6. “Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations”:
 “Charging Infrastructure”: Includes EV chargers
integrated into parking facilities to support electric
vehicle users.

 Software Components:

1. “Parking Management Software”:

“Centralized Management”: Provides a unified
platform to monitor and manage parking operations.
“Space Availability”: Displays real-time
availability of parking spaces to users.
“Reservation Systems”: Allows users to pre-book
parking spaces.
 “Reporting and Analytics”: Generates reports on
occupancy rates, revenue, and trends for decision-
making.
2. “Payment Processing Systems”:
“Integration with Payment Gateways”: Facilitates
secure online payments for parking fees.
“Mobile Payment Apps”: Allows users to pay for
parking via smartphone apps.
3. “Enforcement and Violation Management”:
“Violation Detection”: Integrates with surveillance
cameras or sensors to identify vehicles violating
parking rules.
“Ticketing Systems”: Issues citations or fines for
violations, managed through software systems.
4. “Customer Interface”:
“Mobile Apps and Web Portals”: Provides users
with access to information on parking availability,
reservations, and payments.
 “Customer Support Systems”: Handles inquiries,
complaints, and feedback from users.
5. “Integration with External Systems”:
“Public Transportation Systems”: Integration with
transit systems to provide seamless multi-modal
transportation options.
“Smart City Platforms”: Exchange data with other
urban management systems for better city planning
and management.

 Advancements and Integration:

Modern parking management systems are
increasingly incorporating IOT (Internet of Things)
technologies, cloud-based solutions, and AI-driven
analytics to enhance efficiency, user experience, and
sustainability. These advancements aim to optimize
parking space utilization, reduce traffic congestion,
and improve overall urban mobility. The integration
of hardware and software components plays a
crucial role in achieving these objectives while
ensuring effective management and operation of
parking facilities.
 SOURCE CODE:

def __init__(self, capacity):

self .capacity = capacity
self .available spaces = capacity
self .occupied spaces = {}

def park vehicle(self, vehicle number):

if self .available spaces > 0:
if vehicle number not in self .occupied
spaces:
self .occupied spaces[vehicle number] =
True
self .available spaces -= 1
 print(f" Vehicle {vehicle number} parked
successfully. ")
else:
print(f" Vehicle {vehicle number} is
already parked. ")
else:
print("Parking lot is full. Cannot park
vehicle.")

def un park vehicle(self, vehicle number):

if vehicle number in self .occupied spaces:
del self .occupied spaces[vehicle number]
self .available spaces += 1
print(f" Vehicle {vehicle number} un parked
successfully. ")
else:
print(f" Vehicle {vehicle number} is not
parked in the lot. ")
 def display status(self):
print(f" Parking lot status: ")
print(f" Total spaces:{self .capacity} ")
print(f" Available spaces:{self .available
spaces} ")
print(f" Occupied spaces: {len(self .occupied
spaces)} ")
if self .occupied spaces:
print("Vehicles parked:")
for vehicle in self .occupied spaces .keys():
print(vehicle)
else:
print("No vehicles parked.")

# Example usage of the Parking Lot class

if __name__ == "__main__":
 parking lot = Parking Lot(10) # Initialize a
parking lot with 10 spaces
# Park some vehicles
Parking lot .park vehicle("ABC123")
Parking lot .park vehicle("XYZ789")
Parking lot .park vehicle("DEF456") # Parking
lot should be full after this
# Display current status
Parking lot .display status()
# Try to park a vehicle when lot is full
Parking lot .park vehicle("GHI789")
# Un park a vehicle
Parking lot .un park vehicle("ABC123")
# Display updated status
Parking lot .display status()
# Try to unpark a vehicle that's not parked
Parking lot .un park vehicle("JKL012")
 OUTPUT SCREEN

Vehicle ABC123 parked successfully.

Vehicle XYZ789 parked successfully.
Parking lot is full. Cannot park vehicle.
Parking lot status:
Total spaces: 10
Available spaces: 8
Occupied spaces: 2
Vehicles parked:
ABC123
XYZ789
Parking lot is full. Cannot park vehicle.
Vehicle ABC123 un parked successfully.
Parking lot status:
Total spaces: 10
Available spaces: 9
Occupied spaces: 1
Vehicles parked:
XYZ789
Vehicle JKL012 is not parked in the lot.
 CONCLUSION:

Parking management plays a crucial role in modern

urban environments, offering solutions to address
congestion, enhance mobility, and improve overall
efficiency. Here's a concise conclusion highlighting
its significance:

Parking management systems are essential

components of urban infrastructure, facilitating the
optimal use of limited parking resources while
promoting sustainable transportation practices. By
integrating technology, data analytics, and user-
centric design, these systems not only streamline
operations but also enhance user experience and
support broader urban planning objectives. Effective
parking management reduces traffic congestion,
lowers emissions, and improves accessibility,
contributing to safer, more livable cities. As cities
continue to grow and evolve, innovative parking
solutions will play an increasingly pivotal role in
shaping urban mobility and sustainability strategies
for the future.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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