API American Petroleum Institute
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
COSHH Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet (US OSHA)
ISO International Organization for Standardization
OSAH Occupational Safety & Health Administration
LEL Lower Explosive Limit
MMSCF Million Standard Cubic Feet
MEG Mono Ethylene Glycol
TEG Tetraethylene Glycol
MEA Monoethanolamine
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
OIW Oil In Water
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
BTU British Thermal Unit
DCS Distributed Control System
PLC Programmable Logic Control(ler)
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ANSI American National Standards Institute
AGA American Gas Association
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
API gravity formulas
The formula used to obtain the API gravity of petroleum liquids is thus:
Conversely, the specific gravity of petroleum liquids can be derived from the API gravity value as
Thus, a heavy oil with a specific gravity of 1.0 (i.e., with the same density as pure water at 60°F)
would have an API gravity of:
The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture in ai
r.
The pour point of a liquid is the lowest temperature at which it will pour or flow under prescribed
conditions. It is a rough indication of the lowest temperature at which oil is readily pump able.
Also, the pour point can be defined as the minimum temperature of a liquid, particularly a lubricant ,
after which, on decreasing the temperature, the liquid ceases to flow.
EEE Electronic And Electrical Engineering
AGA American Gas Association
ASME American Society For Mechanical Engineering
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
API American Petroleum Institute
RVP Reid Vapor Pressure
AAPG American Association of Petroleum Geologists
POOH Pull Out Of Hole
IEEE Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
COSHH Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
CNG Compressed Natural Gas
STP Standard Temperature And Pressure
NDT Non Destructive Testing
OIW Oil-in-Water
RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
TIC Temperature Indicating Controller
MMSCF Mately Million Standard Cubic Feet
1 horsepower = 745.699872 watts
1 us liquid barrel = 119.240472 liters
1 us gallon = 3.7854118 liters
What is process unit & unit operation?
•
What is by product & waste product?
•
Different types of diagrams
1.
Block
2.
PFD (Process Flow Diagram)
3.
P&ID (Piping & Instrumentation Diagram)
•
Different types of symbols
Jacketed pipe, reducer, pipeline crossing, insulated pipe, flanged & bolted connection, isolation
valve, check valve, Safety valve, Rupture disc, Heat exchanger, Turbine, Compressor, Pump,
Signal line, Flow meter, Orifice plate, Pneumatic control valve,
•
Functions of chiller & heat exchanger in refrigeration cycle.
•
Industrial Safety Chapter of TICI book.
Basic hazards:
1.
Fire
2.
Explosion
3.
Toxic
4.
Acoustic
•
Safety signs & colors
•
Fire triangle
•
Coversion of celcius & farenhite
•
Ignition temperature
•
Flash point, boiling point, bubble point, dew point.
•
Highly flammable, flammable, not readily flammable liquids
•
Physical & chemical explosion
•
LEL(Lower Explosion Limit), UEL/HEL(Upper/Higher Explosion Limit) of Methane gas
•
Types of fire (Class A-E)
•
Extinguishing agent & different purposes of use
•
DCP(Dry Chemical Powder)
•
dB(deciBel) & SPL (Sound Pressure Level)
•
Uses & purposes of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) with picture.
http://www.abcsafetymart.com/
Basic PPE: Coverall, Hard Hat, Safety Glass, Safety Shoe.
•
Basic types of pumps
1.
Dynamic
Centrifugal (Radial, Axial, Mixed flow)
2.
Displacement
a)
Reciprocating
b)
Rotary
•
Classification of Compressors
•
DCS (Distributed Control System), PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)
•
EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable
ROM)
•
MMSCFD (Million Standard Cubic Feet per Day)
•
MMSCF/h
•
Bbl (Barrel), gallon, liter unit conversion
•
Psig, psia unit conversion
Some flammable gases:
•
Acetylene
•
Ammonia
•
Arsine
•
Butane
•
Carbon Monoxide
•
Cyclopropane
•
Ethane
•
Ethylene
•
Ethyl Chloride
•
Hydrogen
•
Isobutan
•
Methane
•
Methyl Chloride
•
Propane
•
Propylene
•
Silane
Some inert gases:
•
Argon
•
Carbon Dioxide
•
Helium
•
Neon
•
Nitrogen
•
Xenon
Some common oxidizers:
•
Air
•
Chlorine
•
Fluorine
•
Nitric Oxide
•
Nitrogen Dioxide
•
Oxygen
Abbreviations:
ANSI, API, NFPA…..
