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1.b.sequence

The document explains the four built-in sequence types in Python: strings, lists, tuples, and ranges. It details their characteristics, such as mutability, indexing, and common operations. Additionally, it provides practical examples for manipulating these sequence types.

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6 views4 pages

1.b.sequence

The document explains the four built-in sequence types in Python: strings, lists, tuples, and ranges. It details their characteristics, such as mutability, indexing, and common operations. Additionally, it provides practical examples for manipulating these sequence types.

Uploaded by

kalpanapriyam213
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sequence Data Types in Python

A sequence in Python is an ordered collection of items that can be indexed and sliced. Python provides four
built-in sequence types:

1. String (str) – A sequence of characters


2. List (list) – A mutable (changeable) collection of items
3. Tuple (tuple) – An immutable (unchangeable) collection of items
4. Range (range) – A sequence of numbers

1. String (str)
A string is a collection of characters enclosed in single ('), double ("), or triple quotes (''' or """ """).

Creating Strings
str1 = 'Hello' # Single quotes
str2 = "Python" # Double quotes
str3 = '''Welcome''' # Triple quotes (also used for multi-line strings)

print(str1, str2, str3)

Output:

Hello Python Welcome

String Operations
text = "Python"

# Accessing characters
print(text[0]) # Output: P (first character)
print(text[-1]) # Output: n (last character)

# Slicing
print(text[0:3]) # Output: Pyt (first 3 characters)

# String Concatenation
print("Hello " + "World") # Output: Hello World

# String Repetition
print("Python! " * 3) # Output: Python! Python! Python!

# String Length
print(len(text)) # Output: 6

Common String Methods


msg = "hello world"

print(msg.upper()) # HELLO WORLD


print(msg.lower()) # hello world
print(msg.title()) # Hello World
print(msg.replace("world", "Python")) # hello Python
print(msg.split()) # ['hello', 'world']

2. List (list)
A list is a collection of ordered, mutable (changeable) elements. It can store different data types.

Creating Lists
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40]
mixed = [1, "hello", 3.5, True]

print(fruits)
print(numbers)
print(mixed)

List Operations
# Accessing Elements
print(fruits[0]) # Output: apple
print(fruits[-1]) # Output: cherry

# Slicing
print(fruits[1:3]) # Output: ['banana', 'cherry']

# Modifying a List
fruits[1] = "blueberry" # Changing an element
print(fruits) # Output: ['apple', 'blueberry', 'cherry']

# Adding Elements
fruits.append("orange") # Adds at the end
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'blueberry', 'cherry', 'orange']

fruits.insert(1, "grape") # Adds at index 1


print(fruits) # ['apple', 'grape', 'blueberry', 'cherry', 'orange']

# Removing Elements
fruits.remove("cherry") # Removes specific element
print(fruits)

fruits.pop() # Removes last element


print(fruits)

# Length of List
print(len(fruits)) # Output: 3

Iterating Over a List


for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)

3. Tuple (tuple)
A tuple is similar to a list but immutable (cannot be changed).

Creating Tuples
numbers = (10, 20, 30, 40)
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(numbers)
print(fruits)

Tuple Operations
# Accessing Elements
print(fruits[0]) # Output: apple
print(fruits[-1]) # Output: cherry

# Slicing
print(fruits[1:3]) # Output: ('banana', 'cherry')

# Length of Tuple
print(len(fruits)) # Output: 3

Tuple Immutability
# This will cause an error because tuples cannot be changed
# fruits[1] = "blueberry"

Tuple Packing and Unpacking


person = ("John", 30, "Engineer") # Packing
name, age, job = person # Unpacking

print(name) # Output: John


print(age) # Output: 30
print(job) # Output: Engineer

4. Range (range)
A range represents a sequence of numbers.

Creating Ranges
r1 = range(5) # 0 to 4
r2 = range(2, 10) # 2 to 9
r3 = range(1, 10, 2) # 1 to 9 with step 2

print(list(r1)) # Output: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]


print(list(r2)) # Output: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(list(r3)) # Output: [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]

Using range() in Loops


for i in range(5):
print(i) # Output: 0 1 2 3 4
Practical Example: Working with Sequences
Finding the Longest Word in a List
words = ["apple", "banana", "strawberry", "mango"]

longest_word = max(words, key=len) # Finds the longest word


print("Longest word:", longest_word) # Output: strawberry

Reversing a String and List


text = "Python"
reversed_text = text[::-1]
print("Reversed String:", reversed_text) # Output: nohtyP

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
numbers.reverse()
print("Reversed List:", numbers) # Output: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

Summary
Sequence Type Mutable? Indexed? Allows Duplicate Values?
String (str) No Yes Yes
List (list) Yes Yes Yes
Tuple (tuple) No Yes Yes
Range (range) No Yes No

✔ Strings are used for text manipulation.


✔ Lists are used for collections that need modification.
✔ Tuples are immutable collections (faster than lists).
✔ Range is used for generating number sequences.

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