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Study English 101 24
BASIC VOCABULARY 1
SUBJECT
In linguistics
and grammar
, a SUBJECT is
a word or a
group of
words that
one may
substitute for
a noun or no
un phrase.
BASIC VOCABULARY 2
SUBJECT PRONOUN
is a personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb
BASIC VOCABULARY 3
OBJECT
PRONOUN
is a personal pronoun that is
used typically as a grammatical
object
BASIC VOCABULARY 4
Possessive
pronouns
are a type of possessive noun.
Also called absolute
possessive pronouns,
possessive pronouns simplify
constructions that show
possession of a noun
BASIC VOCABULARY 5
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
are used to show possession or ownership of something. While we use them when we refer to people, it
is more in the sense of relationship than ownership.
The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with the thing that is possessed.
Examples
•My car is very old.
•Her boyfriend is very friendly.
•Our dog is black.
•Their homework is on the table.
Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they refer to.
(Possessive Adjective + Noun)
We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many other languages.
Examples:
•Our cars are expensive. (Correct)
Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)
However, the verb that is used needs to be in agreement with the noun - if the noun is singular then the
verb is singular; if the noun is plural then the verb is plural.
Examples:
•My pen is black. (Singular)
My pens are black. (Plural)
•Our child is intelligent. (Singular)
Our children are intelligent. (Plural)
•My car is parked in the driveway.
•Your phone is ringing.
•His hat fell off in the wind.
•Her shoes are too tight.
•Its leaves are turning brown.
BASIC VOCABULARY 6
THE CARDINAL
NUMBERS
are the
numbers that
are used for
counting
something.
These are also
said to be
cardinals. The
cardinal
numbers are
the counting
numbers that
start from 1
and go on
sequentially
and are not
fractions. The
examples of
cardinal
numbers are:
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
,10,11,12,13,14,1
5,16,17,18,19,20
,….
BASIC VOCABULARY 7
ORDINAL
NUMBERS
show
something's
position in a
series, such as
its sequential
order, ranking,
or place in a
list. There are
two forms of
ordinal
numbers:
words spelled
out without
numerals (first,
second, etc.)
numerals with
lettered
suffixes at the
end (1st, 2nd,
etc.)
BASIC VOCABULARY 8
FAMILY
is a group of people who are related to each other by blood, marriage, or
adoption. Families can also include domestic partners and legal guardians.
BASIC VOCABULARY 9
"HELLO"
is a greeting or salutation used to begin conversations or answer the phone. It can also
be used to attract attention or express surprise.
BASIC VOCABULARY 10
ALPHABET
is a standardized set of written letters that represent particular spoken sounds in a
language. Specifically, letters correspond to phonemes, the categories of sounds that can
distinguish one word from another in a given language.
BASIC VOCABULARY 11
PLACES IN THE CITY
There are many places, buildings and stores that you will find in a city or town. Here is a
list of some of the typical places in a city:
BASIC VOCABULARY 12
PERSONAL APPEARANCE
Personal appearance is how a person appears to others, including their bodily condition,
clothing, and grooming. It's a way of communicating with others through video and
visual modes.
BASIC VOCABULARY 13
PARTS OF THE HOUSE
Not all houses have the same amount of rooms, some may have big gardens, others may have a playroom and a
study room, and others can have a garden and a patio. Let’s check out some of the most common parts of the
house.
BASIC VOCABULARY 14
BEDROOM
A bedroom or bedchamber is
a room situated within a residential or
accommodation unit characterised by
its usage for sleeping
BASIC VOCABULARY 15
NURSER
Y ROOM
is a bedroom
for an infant
or toddler. It
usually
contains a
crib, a
changing
table, and
storage
cabinets. Oth
er items that
may be
needed for
the care of
the child
include a
rocking chair
and a cradle.
BASIC VOCABULARY 16
HOME OFFICE
is a designated space in a person's home for business purposes. It can be used by people
who are self-employed or work remotely for an employer.
BASIC VOCABULARY 17
LIVING
ROOM
is a room in a home
used for relaxing and
socializing. It's also a
place for entertaining
friends, talking,
reading, or watching
television
BASIC VOCABULARY 18
DINING ROOM
is a room where people eat meals, such as breakfast, lunch, or dinner. It can be found in
a house, apartment, or school.
BASIC VOCABULARY 19
KITCHEN
is a room or
part of a room
used for
cooking and
food
preparation in
a dwelling or
in a
commercial
establishment.
BASIC VOCABULARY 20
This basic chore should be done regularly to
maintain hygiene and cleanliness
BASIC VOCABULARY 21
BASEMENT AND GARAGE
A basement is a space that can provide extra living space, storage, or utility areas. A
garage is a secure space for parking vehicles and can also be used for storage or as a
workshop.
BASIC VOCABULARY 22
EMOTIONS
Emotions are mental states that are caused by neurophysiological changes. They can be
associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or
displeasure.
BASIC VOCABULARY 23
ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that describes or
modifies a noun or pronoun. Adjectives
can be used to describe the qualities of
someone or something independently or
in comparison to something else.
BASIC VOCABULARY 24
ACTION VERB
An action verb, also known as a dynamic verb, describes the action that the subject of a sentence
performs. For example, "Jackson works at the fire station" and "Michael smiled with relief" are
action verbs.
BASIC VOCABULARY 25
PROFESSIONS
A profession is a type of job that requires advanced education or training. It can also be defined as
a group of individuals who adhere to ethical standards and are recognized by the public as having
special knowledge and skills.
BASIC VOCABULARY 26
IRREGULAR VERBS
Irregular verbs are verbs that don't follow the regular spelling patterns of the past simple
(V2) or past participle (V3). For example, regular verbs form their simple past and past
participles by adding the suffix “-ed”. Irregular verbs form their simple past and past
participles in some other way
BASIC VOCABULARY 27
REGULAR VERBS
A regular verb is a verb that follows a predictable pattern when changing tenses. For
example, the past tense and past participle of the verb "walk" is "walked".
BASIC VOCABULARY 28
COLORS
Color is a visual perception based on the electromagnetic spectrum. It's not an inherent
property of matter, but it's related to how an object absorbs, reflects, and emits light.
BASIC VOCABULARY 29
NATIONALITIES
Nationality is a person's status as a member of a particular country or nation. It's often
determined by factors like citizenship, place of birth, ancestry, and cultural heritage.
BASIC VOCABULARY 30
FRUITS
In botanical terms, a fruit is plant that encloses the seeds.
BASIC VOCABULARY 31
FOOD
any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink or that plants absorb in
order to maintain life and growth
BASIC VOCABULARY 32
SPORTS
a sport is a physical activity or game that's
often competitive and organized. Sports aim to
improve physical skills and abilities, while also
providing enjoyment to participants and
entertainment to spectators.
BASIC VOCABULARY 33
ADVERBS
an adverb is a word or expression that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, determiner, clause,
preposition, or sentence. Adverbs can answer questions like "how?", "when?", "where?", "how often?",
and "in what way?" .
BASIC VOCABULARY 34
CONNECTORS
In grammar, is a part of speech that connects words, phrases, or clauses that are called
the conjuncts of the conjunctions.
BASIC VOCABULARY 35
THE VERB "TO BE"
is used to describe people, things, places, and ideas. It can be used as a main verb or an
auxiliary verb to form other verb tenses. It's the most commonly used and important
verb in the English language.
BASIC VOCABULARY 36
Wh- words
are question words that start with "wh-" and are used to ask for information..
BASIC VOCABULARY 37
Modal verbs
also known as modal auxiliary verbs, are a type of
auxiliary verb that are used with the base form of
another verb to express distinctions of mood.
BASIC VOCABULARY 38
Infinitives
vs
GERUNDS
Infinitives or gerunds
are a special form of
verbs that can be used as
a noun, adjective, or
adverb. They are usually
made by adding the word
"to" before the base
verb..
BASIC VOCABULARY 39
