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File Input Output CPP

C++ file handling is facilitated by the fstream library, which includes classes for reading (ifstream), writing (ofstream), and both (fstream). The document provides examples for writing to and reading from files, along with file opening modes and tips for effective file operations. Proper file management includes checking if files are open, using getline for reading, and closing files after use.

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Tushar Kumar
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19 views3 pages

File Input Output CPP

C++ file handling is facilitated by the fstream library, which includes classes for reading (ifstream), writing (ofstream), and both (fstream). The document provides examples for writing to and reading from files, along with file opening modes and tips for effective file operations. Proper file management includes checking if files are open, using getline for reading, and closing files after use.

Uploaded by

Tushar Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FILE INPUT AND OUTPUT OPERATIONS IN C++

Introduction:

C++ allows reading from and writing to files using the fstream library. This is useful for saving data

permanently.

Required Header:

#include <fstream>

File Stream Classes:

- ifstream -> for reading from files

- ofstream -> for writing to files

- fstream -> for both reading and writing

Writing to a File:

Example:

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

ofstream outFile("example.txt");

if (outFile.is_open()) {

outFile << "Hello, File Handling in C++!" << endl;

outFile << "This is a second line." << endl;

outFile.close();

} else {
cout << "Unable to open file for writing." << endl;

return 0;

Reading from a File:

Example:

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

ifstream inFile("example.txt");

string line;

if (inFile.is_open()) {

while (getline(inFile, line)) {

cout << line << endl;

inFile.close();

} else {

cout << "Unable to open file for reading." << endl;

return 0;

}
File Opening Modes:

You can specify modes while opening files:

ios::in -> Open for reading

ios::out -> Open for writing

ios::app -> Append to the end

ios::ate -> Go to the end when opening

ios::trunc -> Delete contents if file exists

ios::binary -> Open in binary mode

Example with mode:

ofstream outFile("data.txt", ios::app);

Tips for File Handling:

- Always check if the file is open using is_open().

- Use getline() to read full lines including spaces.

- Close files after operations with close().

- File operations can be used to save and retrieve user or program data.

Summary:

File handling in C++ is essential for creating programs that require data storage and retrieval. The

fstream library makes it simple and powerful.

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