PROJECT TITLE

Submitted for the partial fulfillment of award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering in “Branch Name”

By

Student Name/s

Under the Guidance of

Guide Name
Post of Guide
Department of Guide

Submitted to

Late Purushottam Hari (Ganesh) Patil Shikshan Sanstha’s

Mauli Group of Institution’s
College of Engineering and Technology, Shegaon
Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati
2024-2025
 Late Purushottam Hari (Ganesh) Patil Shikshan Sanstha’s
Mauli Group of Institution’s
College of Engineering and Technology, Shegaon
College Code-387

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “Project Title”

submitted by Student Name/s in the partial fulfillment of Bachelor
of Engineering in Branch Name in the academic year 2024-2025
has been satisfactorily carried out under my guidance as per the
requirement of Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati.

Date:
Place: MGI-COET, Shegaon

Dr. / Prof. Guide Name

Guide
MGI-COET, Shegaon

Prof. HOD Name Dr. C. M. Jadhao

Head of Dept. Name Principal
MGI-COET, Shegaon MGI-COET, Shegaon

i
 DECLARATION

I/We hereby declare that the project entitled, “Project Title” was
carried out and written by me/us under the guidance of Dr. /Prof.
Guide Name Asst. /Assoc. Professor, Department Name, Mauli
Group of Institution’s College of Engineering and Technology,
Shegaon. This work has not previously formed the basis for the award
of any degree or certificate nor has been submitted elsewhere for the
award of any degree or diploma.

Date:
Place: MGI-COET, Shegaon

Student Name/s
BE. Final Year
Department
Name
MGI-COET, Shegaon

ii
 Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University,Amravati
Mauli Group of Institution’s, College of Engineering
and Technology, Shegaon

CERTIFICATE OF PROJECT APPROVAL

This is to certify that the project entitled “Project Title” submitted

for the partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Engineering in Branch
Name of Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, by
Students Name/s has been approved for the award of degree of
Bachelor of Engineering.

Signature Signature

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Name: Name:

Date: Date:

iii
 Acknowledgement

It is pleasant endeavor to present project report on “Title”. I avail this

opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude and whole hearted thanks to my
guide Dr. / Prof. Guide Name of Mauli Group of Institution’s College of
Engineering and Technology, Shegaon for guidance and cooperation in the project
work. He / She has provided all the facilities and I am thankful for his/her gracious
encouragement, advice, and guidance to make this project a success.

I am equally thankful to Dr. /Prof. HOD Name (HOD) Dept. of and

all the Faculties of Department of MGI-COET,
Shegaon for constant inspiration and valuable suggestions.

I also express my gratitude to Dr. C. M. Jadhao Principal, MGI-COET,

Shegaon for constant inspiration and valuable advice.

Also I would like to express my gratitude towards all teaching and non-
teaching staff of the institute for their encouragement, cooperation and help. I want to
express my sincere gratitude to everyone who wished me success, especially our
parents and friends.

Student Name/s

iv
 Table of Contents

Content Page
No.

Title Page
Certificate i
Declaration ii
Certificate of Project Approval iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of Contents v
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
List of Abbreviations ix
Abstract x
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Classification of Plant Diseases 1
1.1.1 Impact of Plant Diseases: 1

1.2 Need and Scope of the Study 2

1.2.1 Need of the study 2

1.2.2 Scope of the study 2

1.3 Objectives 3
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW (DECIDE THE
5
SUBTITLES APPROPRIATELY)
2.1 5

2.2 6

2.3 7

2.4 Concluding remarks/ Comments 9

Chapter 3 THEORETICAL CHAP. (Decide Chapter & 8
The subtitles appropriately)

v
 3.1 18

3.2 18

3.2.1

3.2.2
3.3 19
Chapter 4 PRACTICAL CHAPTER (Decide the 36
Subtitles appropriately)
4.1 41

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.2 41

4.3 43

4.4 44

Chapter 5 RESULT 45
5.1 45

Chapter 6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 47

6.1 Conclusions 47

6.2 Future Scope 48

References 50

Appendix A: Base Paper 55

Appendix B: Project Cost & Overall Project Images 56

Appendix C: Published paper and certificate 60
Appendix D: Code (If Applicable) 62

Appendix E: Data Sheets (If Applicable) 64

Appendix F: Any other data (If Applicable) 68

vi
 List of Figures
Figure Name of Figure Page
No. No.

1.1 Classification of Plant Diseases. 01

3.1 Block Diagram 34

vii
 List of Tables
Table Name of Table Page
No. No.

1.1 Impact of Plant Diseases. 02

3.2 Sample Dataset 22

viii
 Abbreviations
Symbol Description
GBM Gradient Boosting Machine

MLP Multilayer Perceptron

ix
 ABSTRACT
Surface computing is a platform that responds to natural hand gestures and
real world objects. It has a 360-degree user interface, a 30-inch reflective surface with
a XGA DLP projector underneath the surface which projects an image onto its
underside, while five cameras in the machine's housing record reflections of infrared
light from objects and human fingertips on the surface. The surface is capable of
object recognition, object/finger orientation recognition and tracking, and is multi-
touch and is multi-user. Users can interact with the machine by touching or dragging
their fingertips and objects such as paintbrushes across the screen, or by placing and
moving placed objects. This paradigm of interaction with computers is known as a
natural user interface (NUI).

Keywords: (Minimum 4)

x
 Project Title

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Diseases that affect plant leaves have the potential to significantly reduce
agricultural output and food safety risks. Early detection and efficient management of
these conditions are essential for reducing their spread and minimizing related harm.
Traditional methods of disease detection rely on the skill of visual inspection, which can
be laborious and often impractical for large-scale agriculture. Significant advancements
in artificial intelligence approaches in recent years have made it possible for automatic
disease detection systems to provide a precise and effective answer to this problem.
1.1 Classification of Plant Diseases:

Figure 1.1: Classification of Plant Diseases.

1.1.1 Impact of Plant Diseases:
Plant diseases significantly impact Indian agriculture, causing substantial
economic losses and impacting food security. These diseases, primarily fungal infections,
can lead to

MGI-COET, Shegaon /Dept. of_____/ Project / 2024-25 1

 Project Title

yield reductions, quality degradation, and increased costs for farmers. Furthermore, they
can contribute to unemployment and market declines in the food and agriculture sector.

Table 1.1: Impact of Plant Diseases.

Impact
Specific Effects Examples
Area
Reduced quantity of produce,
Crop Fungal diseases on wheat (10-28%
including grain, fruits, and
Yields vegetables. yield loss), rice (10-30% loss).
Lowered market value of crops
Crop Postharvest diseases affecting fruits
due to damage or reduced
Quality and vegetables (10-15% loss).
nutritional content.
Reduced farmer incomes,
Economic Overall annual losses in India
increased production costs, and
Losses estimated at over INR 290 billion.
potential for market instability.
Reduced availability of food Fungal diseases on major crops like
Food
staples, potentially leading to rice, wheat, and maize can lead to
Security
hunger and malnutrition. significant global losses.
Increased spending on pest and Farmers may need to invest more in
Farmer
disease management, including disease control measures to mitigate
Costs
pesticides and labor. losses.
Potential for decreased soil
Long- fertility, increased vulnerability
Root knot nematodes can decimate
Term to future outbreaks, and
entire cropping systems.
Impacts changes in agricultural
practices.

1.2 Need and Scope of the Study:

1.2.1 Need of the study:

1.2.2 Scope of the study:

1.3 Objectives:
The key objectives are:
1.
2.

MGI-COET, Shegaon /Dept. of_____/ Project / 2024-25 2

 Project Title

REFERENCES

(Journals & Conference Papers)

1. Bhoyar, D. B., Dethe, C. G., Mushrif, M. M., & Narkhede, A. P. (2013, March),
“Leaky least mean square (LLMS) algorithm for channel estimation in BPSK-
QPSK-PSK MIMO-OFDM system.”, 2013 International Mutli-Conference on
Automation, Computing, Communication, Control and Compressed Sensing
(IMac4s). https://doi.org/10.1109/imac4s.2013.6526485
2. Kokate, J. K., Kumar, S., & Kulkarni, A. G. (2023). Deep learning based leaf
disease classification. Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 21(5), 764–
771. https://doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2023.21.5.2026
(Books)
3. Tanenbaum, A. S., & Wetherall, D. (2011). Computer networks. Prentice Hall.

(Websites)
4. Differences between TCP and UDP - Spiceworks Inc. (2025, March 25).
Spiceworks Inc. https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/networking/articles/tcp-vs-
udp/

Note: - Use 7th edition of the American Psychological Association's for

References

MGI-COET, Shegaon /Dept. of / Project / 2024-25 50