Pocket Orthopaedic Surgery
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ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
Editors
JAY (JAMAL) BOUGHANEM, MD
ATTENDING ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEON
CLINICAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII
HILO, HAWAII
RITESH R. SHAH, MD
DIRECTOR OF HIP AND KNEE RESEARCH
HIP ARTHROSCOPY AND HIP PRESERVATION
HIP AND KNEE RECONSTRUCTION
REVISION HIP AND KNEE RECONSTRUCTION
ILLINOIS BONE AND JOINT INSTITUTE, LLC
THE CENTER FOR ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY
MORTON GROVE, ILLINOIS
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Product Development Editor: Dave Murphy
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Production Project Manager: David Saltzberg
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Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer.
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987654321
Printed in China
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DEDICATION
“For the secret of the care of the patient is in caring for the patient.”
DR. FRANCIS W. PEABODY
For all the healers, physicians and surgeons, who taught me that we
are healers and physicians before we are technicians, that although
knowledge, our dedication to improve it, and to cultivate better
judgment are important, so is our mindfulness, presence,
patience, kindness, empathy, and fearlessness whenever we
practice our profession and art.
For my fellowship mentors at Harvard University Drs. Scott
Martin, fellowship director, Larry Higgins, Chief, Sports Medicine &
BWH Harvard Shoulder Service; Tom Minas, Director Cartilage
repair center; Andreas Gomoll; all the mentors and surgeons at
Northwestern University; parents Nassif and Nadia; brothers Jawad,
Fares, Adnan, Hossam, Rida, and Mohannad; clinical staff including
Ryan Hilton, Patricia Agnese, Tari Rowe, Kay Yoshioka, Henrene
Ito, Jaimy Brinkman, Ditas Krietemeyer, James Krietemeyer; and
finally to all my patients, many thanks and gratitude for your trust;
and I hope to continue to serve you the best I can.
JAY BOUGHANEM, MD
“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live
forever.”
MAHATMA GANDHI
To my mentor and grandfather Pravinkant Dalal (Dada) and my
grandmother Bharati Dalal (Dadi); a man whose knowledge
surpassed his time and a woman whose familial devotion is the
ideal. For my parents, who personify the meaning of unconditional
love. For my wife and three sons who are my purest and most
wonderful joys in life. Finally, for the master surgeons who taught
me the art and the science that is Orthopaedic surgery.
RITESH R. SHAH, MD
ABOUT THE EDITORS
Jay Boughanem, MD is a board certified attending orthopaedic
surgeon. He is a diplomat of the American Academy of Orthopaedic
Surgeons and a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He
graduated from Marquette University, Summa Cum Laude, with
Honors Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
as well as Physiology. He subsequently attended medical school at
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and finished a
residency in Orthopaedic Surgery at McGaw Center of Northwestern
University in Chicago, Illinois. He then completed a fellowship in
Shoulder Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine at Harvard
University in Boston, Massachusetts. Currently, Dr. Boughanem is in
practice with the State of Hawaii Health system in Hilo, on the big
island of Hawaii. Dr. Boughanem is an assistant professor at the
University of Hawaii and is involved with resident and student
education. He is the vice chair of the department of Surgery at Hilo
Medical Center in Hilo, Hawaii. He enjoys running, swimming, and
flying a single engine plane between the Hawaiian Islands.
Ritesh R. Shah, MD graduated from Loyola University of Chicago
with Honors with a B.S. in Biochemistry and a B.A. in Economics.
He subsequently attended medical school at The University of
Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine and finished a residency in
Orthopedic Surgery at Northwestern University Feinberg School of
Medicine in Chicago, Illinois. He then completed a unique
fellowship in Hip Preservation and Joint Reconstruction at
Washington University in St. Louis. Currently, Dr. Shah is a partner
and in practice at Illinois Bone and Joint Institute. He also serves as
a physician board member and serves on the Research Steering
Committee at Advocate Lutheran General Hospital. Dr. Shah’s
surgical practice involves hip arthroscopy and adult primary and
revision hip and knee reconstruction. As Director of Research at
IBJI, Dr. Shah actively leads research studies, is involved with
resident education, and presents at regional and national meetings.
SECTION EDITORS
Trauma
David S. Wellman, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Hospital for Special Surgery
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York, New York
Sports
Jay (Jamal) Boughanem, MD
Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Hawaii
Hilo, Hawaii
Shoulder and Elbow
Jay (Jamal) Boughanem, MD
Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Hawaii
Hilo, Hawaii
Adult Reconstruction
Ritesh R. Shah, MD
Director of Hip and Knee Research
Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Preservation
Hip and Knee Reconstruction
Revision Hip and Knee Reconstruction
Illinois Bone and Joint Institute, LLC
The Center for Orthopaedic Surgery
Morton Grove, Illinois
Hand
Robert R. L. Gray, MD
Hand and Microvascular Surgery
NorthShore Orthopaedic Institute
Evanston, Illinois
Foot and Ankle
Alan League, MD
Illinois Bone and Joint Institute
Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
University of Illinois Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois
Spine
Jason W. Savage, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois
Tumors
Ronak M. Patel, MD
Hinsdale Orthopaedic Associates
Westmont, Illinois
Pediatrics
Aimee Brasher, MD
Attending Physician
Orthopaedic Surgery
Pediatric Outpatient Center
Lurie Children’s at Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital
Winfield, Illinois
CONTRIBUTORS
Abigail Allen, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Mount Sinai Hospital
New York, New York
Lindsay Andras, MD
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
Keith Douglas Baldwin, MD, MPH, MSPT
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Hospital
Penn Presbyterian Medical Center
Orthopaedic Trauma Director
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Ravi K. Bashyal, MD
Attending Staff
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
NorthShore University HealthSystem Medical Group
Chicago, Illinois
Hasan Elias Baydoun, MD
Main Street Orthopedics
Kittanning, Pennsylvania
Vamsy Bobba, MD
Drexel University College of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Frank C. Bohnenkamp, MD
Crystal Lake Orthopaedics
Crystal Lake, Illinois
Jay (Jamal) Boughanem, MD
Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Hawaii
Hilo, Hawaii
Aimee Brasher, MD
Attending Physician
Orthopaedic Surgery
Pediatric Outpatient Center
Lurie Children’s at Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital
Winfield, Illinois
James Cameron, MD
Steadman Hawkins Clinic of the Carolinas
Greenville Health System
Greenville, South Carolina
Michelle Cameron Welborn, MD
Attending Physician
Shriners Hospital for Children
Portland, Oregon
Ryan M. Carr, MD
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
University Hospitals
Bedford, Ohio
Austin W. Chen, MD
Resident
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
David Chen, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
University of Miami
Miami, Florida
Brian Chilelli, MD
Northwestern Medicine
Cadence Physician Group Orthopaedics
Warrenville, Illinois
Jared A. Crasto, MS
The Ohio State
University College of Medicine
Columbus, Ohio
Lauren Crocco, MD
Attending Surgeon
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Montefiore Medical Center
Bronx, NewYork
Aristides I. Cruz, Jr, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Orthopedic Surgery
Hasbro Children’s Hospital
Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island
Jeffrey S. Earhart, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Rush University
Orthopedic Trauma Service
Rockford Orthopedic Associates
Rockford, Illinois
Hany El-Rashidy, MD
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Stanford Health Care—ValleyCare
Pleasanton, California
Corinna C. Franklin, MD
Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon
Shriners Hospital for Children
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Robert R. L. Gray, MD
Hand and Microvascular Surgery
NorthShore Orthopaedic Institute
Evanston, Illinois
Claudius D. Jarrett, MD
Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery
The Emory Orthopaedic Center
Assistant Professor
