Name: Aditya pisal

Batch: A1 Roll No.: 16014323009 Exp. No.: 5

Marks: ……………………..
Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

EXPERIMENT NO. 5: Control of Servomotor

Working Principle of a Servo Motor

A servo motor operates on a closed-loop control system, continuously adjusting its position based on
feedback.

●​ A control signal (PWM) is sent to the servo, specifying the target position.​

●​ The motor rotates, while a position sensor (encoder or potentiometer) tracks its movement.​

●​ The sensor provides feedback to the controller, which compares it with the target position.​

●​ If a deviation exists, the controller corrects the motor’s movement accordingly.​

●​ This continuous loop ensures the servo motor maintains precise and accurate positioning.​

Difference Between Servo Motor and Stepper Motor

Stepper Motor Servo Motor

High torque at low speed High torque at high speed

Faster positioning over short distances Faster positioning over long distances

No hunting at stop position Hunting occurs at stop position

High inertia tolerance Low inertia tolerance

Suitable for low-rigidity mechanisms like belts Not suitable for low-rigidity
and pulleys mechanisms
High responsiveness (smoother Lower responsiveness (harder
synchronization) synchronization)

Works well with fluctuating loads Not ideal for fluctuating loads

Advantages of Servo Motors

1.​ High Efficiency – Uses closed-loop control, minimizing energy waste.​

2.​ Precision Control – Can maintain exact position and speed.​

3.​ Fast Response – Quick acceleration and deceleration.​

4.​ Compact & Lightweight – Suitable for applications requiring space-saving solutions.​

5.​ High Torque – Provides consistent performance even at high speeds.​

6.​ Versatile Applications – Used in robotics, CNC machines, medical devices, and more.​

Components of a Servo Motor

1.​ Drive Gears – Transmit motion from the motor to the output shaft for precise movement.​

2.​ Potentiometer – Measures output shaft position and provides feedback for accuracy.​

3.​ Integrated Circuit (IC) – The "brain" that processes signals and adjusts the motor.​

4.​ Motor – Generates rotational motion, controlled by the IC.​

5.​ Servo Case – Protects internal components from dust, moisture, and damage.​

Applications of Servo Motors

1.​ Packing Machines – Ensures precise cutting, filling, and sealing of packages.​

2.​ Cutting Machines – Enables accurate cutting in furniture, metal, and textiles.​

3.​ Robots – Used in automation for assembling products and welding.​

5.​ CNC Machines – Provides precise control over cutting, drilling, and shaping.​

6.​ Printing Machines – Ensures sharp, well-aligned prints for books, labels, and newspapers.​

7.​ Electronics Manufacturing – Used for accurate placement of circuit board components.​

8.​ Punching Machines – Helps in metal stamping and shaping with precision.​

Procedure to Control a Servo Motor Using a PLC

●​ Connect the servo motor to the servo drive (acts as a controller).​

●​ Link the servo drive to the PLC using digital I/O, analog signals, or communication protocols
(Modbus, PROFIBUS, Ethernet).​

●​ Ensure proper power supply for both the PLC and servo system.​

2. Servo Drive Configuration

●​ Choose operating mode (Position, Speed, or Torque control).​

●​ Set parameters like max speed, acceleration, and deceleration using the drive software.​

3. PLC Programming

●​ Use PLC software (Siemens TIA Portal, Allen-Bradley RSLogix, or Mitsubishi GX Works).​

●​ Write logic to start/stop the servo motor.​

●​ Define position or speed control using pulse signals (for stepper mode) or analog output (for
smooth speed control).​

●​ Implement feedback via encoders to ensure accurate positioning.​

🚀
This ensures smooth and automated control of servo motors in industrial applications. Let me know if
you need further details!
1)​ Explain advantages of servo motor.
❖​
Running & Monitoring the Servo Motor
●​ Upload the program to the PLC and execute it.​

●​ Observe the motor’s movement and make necessary adjustments for precision.​

●​ Utilize an HMI (Human-Machine Interface) for convenient manual control of the motor.​

Troubleshooting & Optimization

3)​ Adjust parameters such as gain and PID settings to enhance performance.​

4)​ Check for overloads or mechanical obstructions that might be causing resistance.​

5)​ Add screen shots / photos of PLC connections and HMI.

❖​ Servo Motor by using Arduino.

❖​ PLC connections and HMI.

❖​ Code for Controlling Servo Motor with Arduino.

#include <Servo.h> // Include the Servo library

Servo myServo; // Create a Servo object

int servoPin = 9; // Define the pin connected to the servo

void setup() {

myServo.attach(servoPin); // Attach servo to pin 9

Serial.begin(9600); // Start serial communication

Serial.println("Enter an angle between 0 and 180:");

void loop() {

if (Serial.available()) { // Check if data is received from Serial Monitor

int angle = Serial.parseInt(); // Read the angle input

myServo.write(angle); // Move the servo to the specified angle

Serial.print("Servo moved to: ");

Serial.println(angle);

} else {

Serial.println("Invalid angle! Enter a value between 0 and 180.");

~ Thank You ~