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subset_sum_backtracking

The document describes the Subset Sum Problem, which aims to find a subset of integers that sums to a given target. It outlines a backtracking algorithm with pseudocode and provides an example demonstrating the process. The time complexity is O(2^n) and the space complexity is O(n), emphasizing the importance of pruning when the current sum exceeds the target.

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ROHIT DADHWAL
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9 views2 pages

subset_sum_backtracking

The document describes the Subset Sum Problem, which aims to find a subset of integers that sums to a given target. It outlines a backtracking algorithm with pseudocode and provides an example demonstrating the process. The time complexity is O(2^n) and the space complexity is O(n), emphasizing the importance of pruning when the current sum exceeds the target.

Uploaded by

ROHIT DADHWAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subset Sum Problem using Backtracking

Problem Statement:
-------------------
Given a set of integers and a target sum, find whether there exists a subset whose
sum is equal to the target sum.

Algorithm (Pseudocode):
------------------------
Function SubsetSum(arr, n, target_sum):
Call backtrack(0, 0)

Function backtrack(index, current_sum):


if current_sum == target_sum:
return True
if index == n or current_sum > target_sum:
return False

// Choice 1: Include arr[index] in the subset


if backtrack(index + 1, current_sum + arr[index]):
return True

// Choice 2: Exclude arr[index] from the subset


if backtrack(index + 1, current_sum):
return True

return False

Example:
---------
Input:
- Array = [3, 34, 4, 12, 5, 2]
- Target Sum = 9

Execution Steps:
- Start from index = 0, current_sum = 0
- Include 3 → current_sum = 3
- Exclude 34
- Include 4 → current_sum = 7
- Exclude 12
- Exclude 5
- Include 2 → current_sum = 9 → FOUND

Subset: [3, 4, 2]

Search Tree (Partial):


----------------------
(0,0)
/ \
include 3 (1,3) exclude 3 (1,0)
/ \
include 34 (2,37) exclude 34 (2,3)
X / \
(too big)...

Where (index, current_sum)


X = dead-end
Time and Space Complexity:
---------------------------
- Time Complexity: O(2^n) (Exponential, tries all subsets)
- Space Complexity: O(n) (Recursion depth)

Summary:
---------
Aspect | Value
--------------------|----------------------
Time Complexity | O(2^n)
Space Complexity | O(n)
Type | Exponential, Backtracking
Important | Prune when sum > target

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