TOPIC: CONNECTORS IN ENGLISH
Connectors in English
1. What are connectors?
Connectors are words or phrases that link ideas, sentences, or paragraphs, helping to
ensure cohesion and coherence in writing. They show the logical relationship between
different parts of a text.
2. Types of connectors
a) Addition Connectors
and — I like coffee and tea.
besides — Besides, he is very polite.
also / too — She came to the party too.
b) Contrast / Opposition Connectors
but — He is rich, but unhappy.
however — He was tired, however, he kept working.
although — Although it rains, we will go out.
c) Cause / Effect Connectors
because — I didn’t go to school because I was sick.
since / as — Since you are here, you can help.
therefore / so — He was sick, so he missed school.
d) Comparison Connectors
like — He is strong like his father.
just like — Just like you, I enjoy reading.
as — He fought as a hero would.
e) Conclusion Connectors
therefore — He studied hard, therefore, he passed.
hence / so — It’s raining, so I’ll take an umbrella.
in summary — In summary, it was a great experience.
f) Time Connectors
when — When I arrived, he had already left.
while — While I was studying, I listened to music.
after — After he had lunch, he went out.
3. Tips for using connectors
- Use connectors with clarity and purpose.
- Avoid overusing connectors in the same paragraph.
- Vary the connectors to make your writing more engaging.
4. Practice Exercise
Complete the sentences with suitable connectors:
1. He is smart, __________ very lazy. → but
2. I like coffee, __________ I don’t drink it at night. → however
3. He was tired, __________ he kept studying. → but / yet
4. I didn’t go to the park __________ it was raining. → because
