Actuators and Building Interactive Systems
Topics Covered:
Introduction to actuators: buzzers, motors, and servos
Controlling a servo motor using Servo.h library
Using a passive buzzer for audio feedback
Introduction to ultrasonic distance sensors (HC-SR04)
Combining sensors and actuators into an interactive system
Hands-On Activities:
Build a distance sensor that changes LED color or sound based on proximity
Control a servo based on temperature or potentiometer input
Create an alarm system with a PIR or ultrasonic sensor and buzzer
Use serial feedback for real-time tuning of sensor thresholds
Learning Goals:
Learn how to convert input data into movement or sound
Use ultrasonic sensors for spatial awareness
Integrate multiple components into one system
Begin thinking modularly about code structure
Homework / Practice:
Write a sketch that moves a servo to different angles based on object distance
Prepare a project pitch: describe the components and purpose of your final project (due
next week)
Week 6: Final Project, Presentation & Reflection
Topics Covered:
Designing and planning a complete microcontroller-based system
Circuit planning and prototyping strategy
Combining everything: sensors, actuators, logic
Writing modular code and using functions to organize large sketches
Presenting technical projects to a general audience
Final Project Requirements:
Use at least 2 input components (e.g., button, sensor)
Use at least 1 output component (e.g., LED, servo, buzzer)
Include Serial output for logging or debugging
Project must serve a practical or creative purpose (e.g., automated pet feeder, smart light
system, mini alarm, simple weather station)
Project Examples:
Smart Plant Monitor – Uses LDR and DHT11 to suggest when to water plants
Desk Assistant – Light-based notification system for temperature or time
Distance Alarm – A motion detector that activates a buzzer at close range
Servo-Gate – Unlocks when a certain sensor condition is met
Presentation Guidelines:
Explain the problem your project addresses
Show a schematic diagram of the circuit (hand-drawn or digital)
Walk through your Arduino code (commented clearly)
Demo the working project live or with a video
Reflect on what you learned and the challenges you faced
Assessment Rubric (Final Project):
Criteria Points
Functionality and working demo 10 pts
Code readability and documentation 5 pts
Use of at least 3 components (2 input, 1 output) 5 pts
Presentation quality 5 pts
Creativity & innovation 5 pts
Learning Goals:
Apply everything from the course in one cohesive system
Build confidence in designing your own Arduino-based devices
Practice technical communication skills
Reflect on the learning process and personal growth
Homework / Final Submission:
Submit a zip file containing:
o Arduino .ino code
o Schematic (photo or drawing)
o 1-page summary of how it works and what you learned
o Optional: 30–60 second demo video
Course Wrap-Up
In the final session, we will host a Mini Maker Showcase, where students present their work to
peers and invited guests (instructors, school staff, parents). Students will reflect on their journey
from blinking an LED to designing a complete interactive system.
We will also discuss next steps, including:
Joining Arduino communities
Exploring Arduino-compatible boards (Nano, Mega, ESP8266)
Continuing into robotics, IoT, or wearable tech
Sharing your projects online (e.g., Hackster.io, Instructables)
