Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences (DJCIS)
ISSN: 2704-4785
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2020
Water Quality Monitoring and Notification
System
Kazi Kamrul Islam, Mashiur Rahman Rabby, Rayhanul Islam, Tahsin
Mahfuz and Nafisa Islam Swarna
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmandi 1209,
Dhaka – Bangladesh.
Email: 02.cse.grp@gmail.com
[Cite as: Islam, K. K., Rabby, M. R., Islam, R., Mahfuz, T., and Swarna, N. I. (2020). Water Quality
Monitoring and Notification System. Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue
2, Pages 5-9.]
Abstract – AI (Artificial Intelligence) is one of the buzzwords in Information Technology. The real world’s
object will be transformed into an intelligent object, which is the future of AI. In light of this, the present
study addresses AI concepts through a systematic review of scholarly research papers, professional
discussions with experts. This paper describes details about Water quality monitoring and the notification
system. Moreover, this research article focuses on the basic requirements, characteristics of this device and
usages in our daily life. This device has some advantage; it will notify consumers about the water quality. To
notify about the water quality, this device is going to check the pH, Turbidity, Temperature and many other
components of the water. However, the new researchers who are interested to do research in this field of AI
for water, quality monitoring, they would have some ideas from this manuscript.
Keyword: water quality monitoring, notification system, pH, turbidity, temperature sensor
1. INTRODUCTION the data are directly sent to the monitoring device
(or center) by giving an SMS using a GSM
To survive in this big world, Water is the main
network. After having the data, the user of this
element for humans, because Water is a necessary
device will understand the quality of water to use,
element in our daily lives. More than 20 million
if the report of the water is unusual, the user can
poor Bangladeshis are still drinking contaminated
avoid using the water. It is advantageous for
water with arsenic, two decades after the
management timely and able to detect the
potentially deadly toxin was discovered in the
situation of water quality at the present time.
supply According to Human Rights report
(Human Rights Watch, 2016). Bangladesh fails to 2. APPROACH
take necessary steps for tackling the problem, We started this project considering the water
which kills an estimated 43000 Bangladeshi every problem in Bangladesh. Although water is
year which is a new report by the rights group of available in most parts of Bangladesh, but water in
Bangladesh (Human Rights Watch, 2016). It was many places is inaccessible in many parts. In
stated crisis as "the largest mass poisoning of a particular, most of the people in Bangladesh's
population in history" by an organization called sectional cities are polluted in different ways,
World Health Organization, to decrease the water- which is why most people suffer from various
related disorder and to reduce water pollution, we water-borne diseases. So we decided to make this
measure water parameters such as pH, turbidity, automatic device to know the condition of water
temperature, etc. In this case, the device is going quality, to protect ourselves from diseases. We
to monitor the pH, turbidity, and the temperature have used some sensors to successfully obtain
of the water, after testing pH, turbidity and information from this project that we will describe
temperature of the water it will provide us the later and better, those sensors are pH, temperature,
quality of the Water. The device controller gets turbidity, ultrasonic.
the data from the sensors and analyzes it; and
informs us about the water we are testing and then
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Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences (DJCIS)
ISSN: 2704-4785
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2020
3.1 Water quality monitoring and notification Shafi & Bahar, 2019b). To get the necessary input
System we used some hardware on this project. The
hardware we used is the pH sensor (PH meter, the
Freshwater is a finite resource, essential for
electric device used to measure hydrogen-ion
human existence and also for agriculture, and activity (acidity or alkalinity) in solution. Mainly,
industry. It is not possible to do sustainable a pH meter has a voltmeter attached to a pH-
development without freshwater of adequate responsive electrode and a reference (unvarying)
quantity. Water pollution and wasteful use of electrode. Actually the pH-responsive electrode is
freshwater threaten our structured development usually glass, and usually, a mercury – mercuries’
and in order to produce safe drinking water we chloride (calomel) electrode is the reference,
sometimes a silver-silver chloride electrode is
have to make water treatment essential. Some
used. In a solution, when two electrodes are
major causes of water quality degradation today, immersed, they act as a battery (Abdullah-Al-
are discharge of toxic chemicals, over-pumping of Shafi, et al., 2018a; Abdullah-Al-Shafi & Bahar,
aquifers, and long-range atmospheric transport of 2016; Abdullah-Al-Shafi & Bahar, 2018a;
pollutants and contamination of water bodies with Abdullah-Al-Shafi, Bahar & Saha, 2016). The
substances that promote algal growth (South potential difference between the glass and
China Morning Post, 2018). Monitoring is the reference electrodes has been measured by the
voltmeter, the turbidity sensor measures the
long-term, standardized measurement and
number of unexpected solids in water. The water’s
observation of the aquatic environment in order to turbidity level (and cloudiness or haziness)
define status and trends (Bartram & Ballance, increases if the amount of total suspended solids
1996). Monitoring, as a practical activity, provides (TSS) in water increases. To sensors, the river and
the essential information which is required for an stream gaging, wastewater and effluent
assessment of water quality. However, measurements, control instrumentation for settling
ponds, sediment transport research and laboratory
assessments require additional information, such
measurements Turbidity sensor used vastly
as an understanding of the hydro-dynamics of a (Abdullah-Al-Shafi & Ziaur, 2019; Abdullah-Al-
water body, information on geochemical, Shafi & Bahar, 2018b; Abdullah-Al-Shafi &
atmospheric and anthropogenic influences and the Bahar, 2018c; Abdullah-Al-Shafi, 2018). The
correct approaches for analysis and interpretation temperature sensor (DS18B20 Temperature
of the data generated during monitoring (Bartram sensor is the main sensor of this waterproofed
& Ballance, 1996). version. If you want to measure something wet
conditions or far away. We suggest keeping it
3.2 Used tools under 100°C. Though the sensor can survive up to
Hardware, Software. 125°C). Ultrasonic sensor (The HC-SR04
ultrasonic sensor uses SONAR to determine the
3.2.1 Used Hardware distance of an object just like the bats do. It can
For a project like this one, computer hardware is excellently read distance from 1” to 13” or 2 cm to
the most important thing. “An Electronic device or 400 cm with high accuracy.) (Bahar, et al., 2018).
a computing device has an obvious part called We also used a microcontroller called Arduino
Hardware. We can touch and feel the Hardware. MEGA (The main theme of Arduino Mega 2560
Hardware is one of the important parts of a microcontroller board is taken from ATmega
computer system. In many variants, we can 2560. It has 16 analog inputs, 54 digital
categorize the Hardware like input, output, and input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as
storage or processing components. Input, storage PWM outputs), 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports),
or output are used as Peripherals. Monitor, a USB connection, a power jack, a 16 MHz crystal
keyboard, CPU, and mouse are examples of oscillator, an ICSP header, and a reset button for
Hardware devices, and it also includes all the parts reset the system) (Abdullah-Al-Shafi, et al., 2018),
such as hard disk drive, motherboard, video card and also used a GSM network module called
which are inside the computer (Abdullah-Al-Shafi GSM shield (A GSM Module is basically a GSM
& Bahar, 2019a; Abdullah-Al-Shafi & Bahar, Modem (like SIM 900) connected to a PCB with
2017; Abdullah-Al-Shafi, Bahar & Wahid, 2019; different types of output taken from the board say
Abdullah-Al-Shafi, et al., 2018b; Abdullah-Al- TTL Output (for Arduino, 8051 and other
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Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences (DJCIS)
ISSN: 2704-4785
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2020
microcontrollers) and RS232 Output to interface system is built and actually performs the work
directly with a personal computer (Abdullah-Al- (Abdullah-Al-Shafi & Ziaur, 2019). We used
Shafi & Ziaur, 2019). software (IDE) Arduino.cc for this project. The
code of the software is being written in C++
3.2.2 Used Software
(Hasan, Mahmud & Li, 2019).
Software is obvious for a project of AI. This is
reverse to physical hardware, from which the
4. RESULTS
Table 1. The Result figure for pH
No Of Experiment Input taking form Output on display Safe or Not
1 Deep tube well pH - 6.75 safe to drink
2 Deep tube well pH - 6.90 safe to drink
not safe to
3 Deep tube well pH - 9.20 drink
4 Deep tube well pH - 7.25 safe to drink
5 Burigonga River water pH - 5.00 not use able
6 Burigonga River water pH - 9.20 not use able
not safe to
7 Burigonga River water pH -6.15 drink
not safe to
8 Burigonga River water pH - 5.90 drink
9 Dhaka WASA after boiling pH - 7.25 safe to drink
not safe to
10 Dhaka WASA after boiling pH - 8.88 drink
not safe to
11 Dhaka WASA after boiling pH - 9.20 drink
12 Dhaka WASA after boiling pH - 7.50 safe to drink
not safe to
13 Dhaka WASA Before pH - 8.15 drink
14 Dhaka WASA Before pH -7.01 safe to drink
(Source: Akter, et al., 2016)
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Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences (DJCIS)
ISSN: 2704-4785
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2020
Figure 1: “statistics of pH test result” (own figure)
Table 2. The Result figure of temperature
No Of Experiment Input taking form Output on display Safe or Not
1. Refrigerator 80 C Not safe to
drink
2. Normal water 230C Safe to drink
3. Just boiled water 600C Not safe to
drink
Table 2. The Result figure of turbidity
No Of Experiment Input taking form Output on display Safe or Not
1. River water Not clean Not safe
2. WASA Clean Safe
Table 3. The Result of water level of water tank considering 160cm tank.
No Of Experiment Water level Signal Buzzer Level
1. Below 30cm Red light ON LOW
2. More than 30cm Green light ON NORMAL
3. More than 150cm Blue light ON HIGH
5. FUTURE PLAN create a UI to optimize settings. This can be
This project has a lot of update that can be ran in a cloud server so that it can show its
testing result on a web application. A database
done in the future. This project is running on
can be connected to show all recent result with
an LCD display that is only showing the
which we will be able to measure the rapid
current state of sample water. We can use a
change of water. An addition of cloud server
touch Thin-film transistor (TFT) display and
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Diverse Journal of Computer and Information Sciences (DJCIS)
ISSN: 2704-4785
Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2020
will store the result in its storage. The cost of one-electron parity generator and checker for nano-
communication. International Nano Letters, 9(3), 265-
SMS will be reduced. User will be able to see 276.
the result from anywhere in the world.
Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., & Bahar, A. N. (2019b). A New
6. CONCLUSION Structure for Random Access Memory Using Quantum-
Dot Cellular Automata. Sensor Letters, 17(8), 595-600.
In the era of Greenhouse gas and global warming,
Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., & Ziaur, R. (2019). Analysis and
it is hard to find safe water for drinking. modeling of sequential circuits in QCA nano computing:
Especially in those countries that have a vast RAM and SISO register study. Solid State Electronics
amount of population like us (Bangladesh). Letters 1(2), 73-83.
Especially in a crowded city like Dhaka, there is Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., (2018). A Study on 2D 2-Dot 1-
very less source where we can find safe water. Electron QCA Based Full Adder and Ripple Carry
Those are a deep water source and river water, and Adder Design. Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali,
Nanotehnologii, 16(2), 289-301.
this water is being distributed by a government
organization Water Supply & Sewerage Authority Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., Bahar, A. N., & Saha, S. (2016).
Mobile On-demand Computing: The Future Generation
(WASA). They first purify this water and then of Cloud. International Journal of Future Generation
supply it to consumer. But sometimes it is not Communication and Networking, 9(11), 161-178.
enough just to purify the water as the purification Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., Bahar, A. N., & Wahid, K. A. (2019).
procedure of WASA have several lacking. A New Modular and Symmetric Full Adder/Subtractor
Because most of the water used by WASA is from in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Nanocomputing.
Dhaka’s River, which is not safe to drink because Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 14(9),
1275-1282.
it is being contaminated by chemicals from the
mines and factories. Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., Bahar, A. N., Bhuiyan, M. M. R.,
Shamim, S. M., & Ahmed, K. (2018b). Average output
Therefore, this why we work in this project polarization dataset for signifying the temperature
which will help us to detect safe water. It could influence for QCA designed reversible logic circuits.
Data in brief, 19, 42.
also measure other facets of the purity of the
water such as salinity and chlorine content. Abdullah-Al-Shafi, M., Bahar, A. N., Habib, M. A., Bhuiyan,
M. M. R., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, P. Z., & Ahmed, K.
And we think that, to scale-up wastewater (2018a). Designing single layer counter in quantum-dot
treatment and seawater desalination plants cellular automata with energy dissipation analysis. Ain
require high energy and capital investment. Shams Engineering Journal, 9(4), 2641-2648.
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S. K., Dey, D., ... & Rahman, M. (2016). Water Quality
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