Here's an explanation of subject and predicate that’s perfect for a 5th
grader:
What is a Subject?
The subject of a sentence tells us who or what the sentence is about.
It’s the person, animal, thing, or idea that is doing or being something.
Example: "The dog barked."
o Subject: "The dog" (It tells us who the sentence is about.)
What is a Predicate?
The predicate tells us what the subject does or what happens to the
subject. It includes the verb (action word) and everything that comes
after it.
Example: "The dog barked."
o Predicate: "barked" (It tells us what the dog is doing.)
Let’s break it down in a sentence:
Sentence: "My friend plays soccer after school."
o Subject: "My friend" (who the sentence is about)
o Predicate: "plays soccer after school" (what the subject is
doing)
More Examples:
1. Sentence: "The cat slept on the mat."
o Subject: "The cat"
o Predicate: "slept on the mat"
2. Sentence: "They are reading a book."
o Subject: "They"
o Predicate: "are reading a book"
3. Sentence: "Mom made cookies for dessert."
o Subject: "Mom"
o Predicate: "made cookies for dessert"
Tip: Every complete sentence has a subject and a predicate.
The subject is usually at the beginning of the sentence, and the
predicate comes after it. Sometimes, the subject can be a little
tricky (like in questions or sentences with compound subjects),
but the basic idea is the same!
Let's break down simple subject and complete subject, as well as
simple predicate and complete predicate.
1. Simple Subject
The simple subject is just the main noun (person, place, thing, or
idea) in the sentence that tells us who or what the sentence is about.
It’s the focus of the sentence.
Example:
"The dog barked loudly."
o Simple Subject: "dog" (This is the main noun that the
sentence is about.)
2. Complete Subject
The complete subject includes the simple subject and all the
words that describe or give more information about it. It’s the whole
part of the sentence that tells us who or what the sentence is about.
Example:
"The big brown dog barked loudly."
o Complete Subject: "The big brown dog" (This includes the
simple subject "dog" plus the words "The," "big," and
"brown," which describe the dog.)
3. Simple Predicate
The simple predicate is just the main verb or action in the
sentence. It tells us what the subject is doing or what is happening
to the subject. It’s usually one word, the verb.
Example:
"The dog barked loudly."
o Simple Predicate: "barked" (This is the action the dog is
doing.)
4. Complete Predicate
The complete predicate includes the simple predicate plus all the
words that tell us what happened or what the subject did. It’s the
part of the sentence that gives more information about what the
subject is doing.
Example:
"The dog barked loudly at the mailman."
o Complete Predicate: "barked loudly at the mailman" (This
includes the verb "barked" plus the description of how and
who the dog barked at.)
Quick Recap:
Simple Subject: Just the main noun (who or what the sentence is
about).
Complete Subject: The simple subject plus any words that give
more details about it.
Simple Predicate: The main verb or action (what the subject
does).
Complete Predicate: The verb plus all the words that describe
the action or what happens.
Example Sentences:
1. Sentence: "The cat ran fast across the yard."
o Simple Subject: "cat"
o Complete Subject: "The cat"
o Simple Predicate: "ran"
o Complete Predicate: "ran fast across the yard"
2. Sentence: "The teacher explained the lesson carefully."
o Simple Subject: "teacher"
o Complete Subject: "The teacher"
o Simple Predicate: "explained"
o Complete Predicate: "explained the lesson carefully"
This distinction helps break sentences down into their basic parts so
you can better understand and create more complex sentences.
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