TRIGONOMETRY

Radian measure
1991 1999
Figure below shows two wheels of radii 2 m and 1 m In figure below, O is the centre of the circle. The area of
with centres 6 m apart which are driven by the sector AOB is directly proportional to the angle
continuous belt. AOB, where the angle is measured in degrees.
A
2.75 m
Θ 1m

θ 6.25 m
O

Assuming that the belt is tight, find its total length.

(Hint: Find Ѳ in radians and the length of the common B
tangents). 20
a. Find the value of the proportionality constant and
1992 hence express the area of the sector as function of
The total perimeter of a sector of a circle is 12 cm, and the angle AOB.
its area is 8 cm2. Find all possible values of the radius of b. Using the formula derived in a. (i), find the area of
the sector and the corresponding angles of the centre. the sector when the radius is 10 cm and angle AOB
10 is 600. 8
1997 A
2001
The area of a sector of a circle of diameter 10.62 cm is
12 cm 29.2 cm2. Calculate the angle, in degrees, subtended at
the center of the circle. 5

0.5c An elastic belt is placed round the rim of a pulley of

O 10.5 cm P B radius of 5 cm. One point of the belt is pulled directly
The above figure shows a sector AOB of a circle centre away from the centre, O, of the pulley until it is at A,
O of radius 12 cm. AP is perpendicular to OB, OP is 10 cm from O. Find the length of the belt that is in
10.5 cm and OAP is a right angled triangle in which contact with the rim of the pulley. 7
angle AOP is 0.5 radians.
Calculate 2002
a. AP 2 Figure below shows student riding a bicycle along a
b. the area of the sector OAB, 2 circular path radius 15 m at constant angular speed of
c. the area of the shaded part APB. 2
radians per second.
1s
1998
rad

5 cm

216o

Determine the distance, in metres, that the student will

travel in 1 minute. 3

Figure above shows a sector of radius 5 cm and has an

angle of 2160. If the sector is bent to form a cone, find
a. the radius of the base of the cone.
b. the vertical angle of the cone. 5
Figure below shows a circle touching the corners of a 2007
right-angled triangle. In figure, ABC is a circle with center O, angle ACB = 600
and angle ABC = 400.
A A

4.2 cm 4.8cm
z
C B
B C
Given that tan (z) = , AB is 1 m long and that AC is a
diameter, calculate the area of the shaded region
without using the area of triangle ABC. Leave your If OA = 2.5 cm, AB = 4.2 cm and AC = 4.8 cm, calculate
answer in terms of π. (Hint; use radians. Label the the total area of the shaded segments. 11
centre of the circle O and join OB) 13
2008
2004 In figure below, ABCD is a rectangle, BEC is an arc of
In a circle of radius 20 cm, a chord 12 cm long is drawn. radius 8 cm with centre O, angle BOC is radians and
Calculate, in radians, the angle the chord subtends at AB = 2 cm.
the centre of the circle. 6 A 2 cm B
8 cm
Figure below shows two equal circles intersecting at X
and Y such that their centres A and B are on the O
circumference of each other. E
X
D C
Calculate the perimeter of the shaded part. 7

A B 2009
A piece of wire 40 cm long is bent into the shape of a
sector of radius r cm and area 100 cm2. Find
a. an expression for the sector angle Ѳ in terms of
radius r.
Y b. the value of r and Ѳ. 11
If the radius of the circle is 6 cm. calculate the area of
overlap. 11 2011
Figure shows a circle centre O of radius 8 cm. Angle
2005 AOC = 0.9 radians.
Figure below is a circle with centre O and radius 5 cm. C
AT and BT are tangents to the circle at the points A and
B respectively, such that AT = 8 cm.
A c 8 cm
0.9
A B
5 cm 8 cm O
O
O
T
Find the
a. length of arc of the minor segment BC.
B b. area of the shaded part. 7
Calculate the area of the shaded region. 9
2012
A sector of a circle is formed from a piece of wire 10 cm ≡ . For what values of x,
0 0
long. If r is the radius of the circle, show that the area of 0 ≤ x ≤ 360 , is the identity above not valid? 6
the sector is r(5 – r) cm2. 5 2000

2013 ≡ 4
Figure below shows a semicircle centre O, of radius
r cm. Angle ACB = xo. 2001
B Express 4 sin2 θ + 1 in terms of cos 2θ. 5

2002
A O x° C Given that sin Ѳ = cos Ѳ, simplify sin 2Ѳ to an
r O expression without Ѳ. 3

2005
sin 3Ѳ ≡ 3 sin Ѳ - 4 sin3 Ѳ. 8
Show that the area of the shaded region is
2006
cm2. 8
Trigonometric identities = cot2 x. 5
1989
Given that A is an obtuse angle with sin A = , and B is 2007

an acute angle with cos B = , calculate, leaving tour cosec2 A ≡ 6

answer as a fraction
a. sin 2A 4 2008
b. cos 2B 3 Give that sin Ѳ = 0.800, tan Ѳ = 1.330. cos = 0.380
c. sin(A+B) 2 and tan = 2.400, use trigonometric identities to
calculate sin ( - ) leaving your answer to 2 decimal
1992
place. 10
2 sin2 Ѳ = 1- cos Ѳ, giving solutions for 0o ≤ Ѳ≤ 360o.
7
2009
A and B are angles of a triangle in which sin A = and
≡ tan Ѳ 5
cos B = . Without using tables and calculator, find the
value of cosec (A+B). 10
2010
1996
≡ 8 cos3 Ѳ - 4 cos Ѳ. 6
Sin 3Ѳ ≡ 3 sin Ѳ - 4 sin3Ѳ 8

If A and B are acute angles such that sin A = α and

≡ tan Ѳ 8
cos B = β. Find in terms of α and β
a. sin B
2011
b. cos A
sec x + cosec x cot x ≡ sec x cosec 2 x. 8
c. sin 2B
d. tan (A+B) 10
cos 4 y - sin4 ≡ cos 2y. 4
1998
2012
If cos 2x =2 cos2 x - 1, show that cos =±
4 ≡ tan θ 7
1999
2013
sin 3x ≡ 3 sin x – 4 sin3 x. a. sin (2x-40)o = 0.5. 5
b. sin x = cos 2x, for 0o ≤ x ≤ 90o. 6
2014
2004
≡ cot B.
2
6 6 cos2 B-sin B = 5 for the values of B between
Trigonometric equations 90o and 270o. 6

Solve the following equations for the values of x

between 0 and 2π, giving your answer in terms of π 2005
a. cot x-1=0 3 3 sec2 Ѳ - 5 tan Ѳ -5 = 0 for 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤180o. 7
b. cos x + sin x=0. 3
2006
c. sin x cos + cos x sin =1 3
Given that sin = and cos = , without using a
1991
5 sec2 x = 2 sec x+3 for 00 ≤ x ≤ 180o. 7
calculator or four figure table, evaluate .
1996 7
a. 1+sin x = cos2 x, for 0o ≤ x ≤ 360o. 4
b. 2 sin2Ѳ - sin Ѳ -1=0, 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 360o, 2 cot2 Ѳ + 8 = for 0o ≤Ѳ ≤ 360io. 8
c. tan5 3Ѳ -1 = 0, 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 360o. 10
2008
1997 3 cos2 x-2 sin x-2 = 0 for 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 180o. 7
2 tan2 x -3 tan x +1=0, 0o ≤ x ≤ 360o. 4
2009
1998
a. cos 2x + 3 sin x =2 5 sin Ѳ = -cos Ѳ for 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 360o. 5
b. 2 tan2 x + sec x=1, 0o ≤ x ≤ 360o. 5
cos 4x + cos 6x+ cos 2x = 0, for 0o ≤ x ≤ 90o. 9
1999
a. tan4 x +7= 4 sec2 x. 5 2014
b. sin 2x + sin x=0, 0o ≤ x ≤ 180o. 4 sec2 θ = 4 + 2 tan θ for 0o ≤ θ ≤ 360°. 10
2000
a. sin x cos x=0 4
b. 5 sec x +1 = tan2 x+2 sec2 x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π. 6

2001

a. cos = 4
b. sin 2Ѳ = cos Ѳ, for -360o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 360o. 6

Simplify + hence solve the equation

+ = 4, for values of 0 ≤ Ѳ ≤ 2π.7

2002
If cos x sin x+ cos x=2 sin x+1, find all values of x and
leave your answer in degrees. 10

If cos Ѳ = 0.3, find tan2 Ѳ. 3

2003
 vertical axis, draw the graphs of f(x) and g(x) on the
same axes for 0o≤x≤180o. 12
c. Use your graph to;
i. determine the values of x for which f(x) > 0
ii. solve f(x) = g(x)
iii. find the values of x for which g(x) < 0.
6
Graphs of trigonometric functions 1999
1989 a. Using the same axes, draw graphs of y = 1+ cos x
a. Using the same scale and axes, draw the graphs of and y = sin (x-60)o for 0o≤x≤360o. On the same x-axis
y = 3 cos 2x and y= sin x for values of x from 0o to take the values of x at 30o interval. 14
180o. Take a scale of 2 cm to represent 20o on the b. Use the graphs to;
x-axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the y-axis. i. solve the equation sin(x-60)o- cos x = 1
9 ii. estimate the range of values of x for which
b. For values of x between 0o and 180o, use your graph 1+ cos x > sin (x-60)o. 6
to find:
i. the range of values of x for which 3cos 2x < -1 2000
ii. the solutions of the equation 3cos 2x- sin x = 0 a. Using the same axes, draw the following graphs for
iii. the solutions of the equation 3cos 2x- sin x=2. the range of values of Ѳ between 0o and 90o
9 inclusive:
1991 i. y= cos2 2Ѳ
Draw the graph of y= sin (2Ѳ +40o) for 0o≤Ѳ≤180o, using ii. y = tan 3Ѳ. 13
a table of values with intervals for Ѳ of 15o. Use the b. From the graphs, estimate the values of Ѳ for
graph to find the values of Ѳ for which which:
a. y = 0.6 i. tan 3Ѳ = cos2 2Ѳ
b. y > 0. 20 ii. tan 3Ѳ + cos2 2Ѳ > 1. 7
1992
Sketch on the same axes the curves: 2001
a. y = 2 sin x a. Use appropriate scale to draw the graphs of
b. y = tan x
y = cos 2Ѳ + 2sin for values of Ѳ in the range
c. y = 2 - , for values of x between 0 and 0o≤Ѳ≤180o. 11
On your sketch shade the area satisfied by all the b. Use your graph to solve the equations:
inequalities: y < sin x, y < tan x and y > 2 . i. 2 sin + cos 2 Ѳ = 1.5
10
1997 ii. - cos 2Ѳ = sin . 9
a. Taking the scale of 2 cm to represent 15o on the
x- axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the y-axis, 2002
draw, on that same axes, the graphs of: y=2 sin 2x Draw the graph of y= cos x and y =x on the same axes
and y = 2 cos 3x, plotting the values for which x=0o, and scale for 0o ≤ x ≤ 90o. 6
15o, 30o, 45o, 60o, 75o, 90o, 105o, 120o, 135o, 150o, x -90o -60o -45o -30o 0o 30o 45o 60o 90o
165o, 180o. 12 y 0 1 0
b. Using your graphs, estimate:
Approximate the solution of cos x = x to 1 decimal
i. the solutions to the equation 2 sin2x = 2cos 3x;
place. 1
in the range from 0o to 180o,
ii. the range of values of x between 0o and 180o for
Copy and complete the table below and draw the graph
which sin 2x ≤ cos 3x. 8
of y= cos x for x between -90o and 90o. (Use 1 dp)
1998
7
Given that f : x→ sin and g : x → -2 cos x.
a. Find f(-π) 2003
b. Taking a scale of 2 cm to represent 20o on the a. Using a suitable scale, draw the graph of y =2 sin 2Ѳ
horizontal axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the for 0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 90o. 4
 b. Using the graph, find the value of Ѳ when y = 2.
1 2009
2004 a. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 15o on the
The table below contains information for the function horizontal axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the
y=2 sin (x-30)o vertical axis, on the same axes, draw the graphs of
y =2 sin 2Ѳ and y= tan Ѳ.
x 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
y -1 1 2 1.7 1 0 -1 -1.7 -1.7 1
b. Use your graph to solve the inequality
sin 2Ѳ ≤ tan Ѳ. 13
a. Calculate the missing values in the table. 4
b. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the
vertical axis, and 2 cm to represent 60o on the 2010
horizontal axis, plot a graph of y =2 sin (x-30)o.6 a. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 30o on the
c. Use your graph to horizontal axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the
i. find the range of values of x in which vertical axis, draw on the same axes, the graphs of
2 sin (x-30)o > 0. 2 y = 1 + cos x and y = sin(x - 60)o for 0o ≤ x ≤ 300o.

ii. solve the equation sin (x-30)o + = 0. b. Using your graph, find the values of x for which
4 sin (x-60)o- cos x – 1 = 0 14
2005
a. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 20o on the x-axis 2011
and 4 cm to represent 1 unit on the y-axis, draw on Figure below shows graph of y=2 sin 2x and y= cos x-1.
the same axes, graphs of y= 2cos 2x and From the graphs, state the values of x for which;
y = 2sin x – 2 for values of x = 40o, 60o, 80o, 100o, a. 2 sin 2x > 1 3
120o and 140o. 11
b. Using your graph, find b. =1 4
i. the solution of the equation cos 2x = - y
ii. the values of x for which cos 2x + 1 ≤ sin x. 2 y=2 sin 2x
9
2006
i. Using the scale of 2 cm to represent 90o on the 0 80 100 180 x
horizontal axis and 4 cm to represent 1 unit on y= cos x-1
the vertical axis, draw on the same axes, the
graphs y = 1+ sin Ѳ and y = . 10
ii. Use the graph to solve the equation
2012
1+sin Ѳ = . 2 i. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 30o on the
horizontal axis and 4 cm to represent 1 unit on
2007 the vertical axis, on the same axes, draw the
i. Using an interval of 30o, draw on the same axes
graphs of y = cos 3x and y = sin x,
the graphs of: y = sin Ѳ and y = cos 3Ѳ for 0o ≤ x ≤ 180°
0o ≤ Ѳ ≤ 180o. ii. Use your graphs to solve the inequality
ii. from the graphs, find the values of Ѳ when 2 cos 3x > sin x. 13
= 1. 15 2013
i. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 30o on the
2008 horizontal axis and 4 cm to represent 1 unit on
i. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 30o on the the vertical axis, draw on the same axes, graphs
x-axis and 2 cm to represent 1 unit on the of y = sin 2x and y = sin x for 0o ≤ x ≤ 270°.
y-axis, draw on the same axes, the graphs of ii. Use your graph to solve the inequality
y= and y = sin 2x for 0o≤x≤270o. sin x ≥ sin 2x 12
ii. From the graphs, find the values of x for which 2014
sin 2x > . 13
i. Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 30o on the
horizontal axis and 4 cm to represent 1 unit on
the vertical axis, draw on the same axes, the
graphs of y = and

y= for 0o ≤ x ≤ 270o.
ii. Use your graphs to solve the equation
= . 14

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