Homework

Exercise A: Fill in the Gaps

1. The sky was so overcast that we couldn’t see the sun at
all.
2. A strong storm is approaching from the west.
3. After three months without rain, the earth was parched.
4. We enjoyed a gentle breeze while walking along the beach.
5. The downpour caused severe flooding in the coastal areas.
6. The bright lightning lit up the entire sky during the
thunderstorm.
7. Due to the foul conditions, all flights were grounded.
8. Morning fog made it difficult to see more than a few meters
ahead.
9. The snowstorm was so severe that schools were closed for
three days.
10. A sudden shower caught us by surprise while hiking.
11. The weather forecast predicted rain turning to snow by
evening.
12. The hailstorm destroyed most of the crops in the field.
13. A light morning mist kept the temperature comfortable.
14. The storm lasted for hours, causing several trees to fall.
15. A severe hurricane warning was issued for the coastal
regions.
16. Early morning fog covered the valley like a blanket.
17. The icy conditions made driving extremely dangerous.
18. A sudden flood flooded the town center within hours.
19. The sandstorm swept across the desert, reducing visibility
to zero.
20. The summer drought dried out all the vegetation.
Exercise B: Weather Combinations
1. The mist quickly turned into a downpour as the wind
picked up.
2. After the rain, the hazy conditions persisted for days.
3. The morning fog gave way to clear skies by afternoon.
4. The hail combined with wind created hazardous
conditions.
5. Between the storm and the hail, we couldn’t leave the
house all day.

Exercise C:
1. What’s the most severe weather condition you’ve experienced?
• When and where did it happen?
One of the most intense weather events I’ve experienced was a severe
snowstorm in Kyiv during winter a few years ago. It happened in late
January, and it was one of the heaviest snowfalls the city had seen
in recent years.
• How long did it last?
The snowstorm lasted for almost three days, with continuous
snowfall and strong winds creating dangerous conditions.
• What was your immediate reaction?
• I was both impressed by the beauty of the snow and
concerned about how it would affect travel and daily life. I also
worried about people who might struggle to get home or find shelter
in the cold.

2. How did it affect your daily activities?

• What plans did you have to cancel?
I had to cancel a few appointments and avoid any unnecessary trips
since the roads were treacherous. Public transportation was also
unreliable due to the heavy snow.
• How did you adapt your routine?
I stayed home and worked remotely where possible. I also spent more
time indoors, focusing on things I could do at home.
• What alternative activities did you choose?
Instead of outdoor activities, I caught up on reading, cooked some
warm meals, and enjoyed time with family. Once the snow let up a
bit, we even went outside to play in the snow.

3. What damage, if any, did it cause?

• Was there any property damage?
The snowstorm caused some minor damage, with fallen tree
branches and some power outages in parts of the city. Car accidents
were more common, as the roads were slippery and visibility was low.
• How did it affect your community?
Many people in the community were affected, especially with public
transport disruptions. Stores sold out of essentials quickly, and local
authorities worked hard to keep main roads and sidewalks cleared.
• What was the recovery process like?
The cleanup took a few days, with teams working around the clock
to remove snow and repair any damage. Eventually, the city returned
to normal as the snow melted.

4. What precautions did you take?

• What preparations did you make beforehand?
Knowing snowstorms are common in winter, we stocked up on
essentials like food, water, and candles in case of a power outage.
• What emergency supplies did you have?
We had warm blankets, a flashlight, a portable charger, and extra
batteries. We also kept a basic emergency kit ready.
• What advice would you give others?
My advice would be to always prepare in advance during winter.
Make sure you have essentials stocked and avoid unnecessary travel
when conditions are severe.
5. How common is this type of weather in your area?
• What seasons typically bring this weather?
Severe snowstorms are most common in winter, especially in
January and February.
• Has it become more or less frequent?
Heavy snowstorms seem slightly less common than in the past, likely
due to changing climate patterns, though they still occur.
• How do locals typically prepare for it?
Locals are generally prepared, with people keeping extra supplies at
home, and snow tires on cars. Many also follow weather updates
closely to avoid getting caught in a storm.

Exercise D:
1. “Red sky at night…”
• Complete the proverb: “…shepherd’s delight.”
• Explain the meteorological basis:
This saying is based on how sunlight interacts with particles in the
atmosphere. A red sky at night typically suggests that high-pressure
systems (bringing fair weather) are approaching from the west, as
sunlight reflects off particles in dry, stable air.
• Is this reliable in your area?
In many regions, this can be somewhat reliable, especially in
temperate climates. However, in places where weather systems
change rapidly or aren’t as stable, it might be less reliable.

2. Dark clouds are gathering in the west…

• What type of clouds are they?
These are often cumulonimbus clouds, which are tall, dark clouds
associated with thunderstorms and heavy rain.
• What immediate preparations should be made?
It’s best to head indoors, secure any outdoor items, and prepare for
rain, strong winds, or possible thunderstorms.
• How much time might you have?
When dark clouds begin gathering quickly, the storm might arrive
within 15-30 minutes, although the timing varies based on wind
speed and cloud movement.

3. The air feels humid and heavy…

• What weather conditions might follow?
Humid, heavy air often precedes thunderstorms or rain. Warm, moist
air is a sign that a storm may be developing.
• What natural signs accompany this?
You might notice a stillness in the air, sudden quiet among birds, or
an increase in insect activity.
• How do animals typically behave?
Birds often take shelter, and animals like dogs or cats may become
restless. Some animals sense drops in air pressure and will look for
cover.

4. There’s a ring around the moon…

• What causes this phenomenon?
The ring, or halo, around the moon is caused by ice crystals in cirrus
clouds high in the atmosphere, which refract the moonlight and
create a halo effect.
• What weather might it predict?
A halo around the moon often indicates that a storm system may be
approaching within the next 24-48 hours, as cirrus clouds often
precede low-pressure systems.
• How reliable is this sign?
This can be fairly reliable, though it’s not a guarantee. It often signals
incoming precipitation but doesn’t indicate the exact timing or
severity.
5. The wind is picking up suddenly…
• What weather systems might this indicate?
A sudden increase in wind can indicate that a storm front, low-
pressure system, or weather disturbance is nearby. Strong winds
often come with changes in pressure, like the approach of a cold
front.
• What direction is the wind coming from?
In many regions, if the wind shifts from the south to the west or
northwest, it often means cooler or stormy weather is approaching.
The direction depends on local geography and prevailing weather
patterns.
• What other signs should you look for?
Look for dark clouds, falling air pressure, or a rapid drop in
temperature, which all indicate that stormy or cooler weather may be
coming.

Exercise E:
1. Today’s Weather Conditions:
Today, the temperature dropped significantly compared to recent
days. The sky was intensely red during sunset, and the air feels
cooler than usual.

2. How They Affect My Plans:

The sudden drop in temperature changed my plans for the evening.
I decided to stay indoors rather than go for a walk. Also, I prepared
warmer clothes for tomorrow, expecting a chilly start to the day.

3. Any Weather Patterns Noticed:

Over the past week, there’s been a trend of gradually cooling
temperatures, along with clear skies in the mornings and cloudy
evenings. The red sky tonight could be a sign of calm weather
tomorrow.
4. Predictions for Tomorrow Based on Today’s Signs:
Based on the red sky tonight, I predict that tomorrow may bring fair
weather in the morning, though it will likely stay cool. There’s a
chance of clouds moving in by evening again, especially if the
temperature keeps dropping.

5. How the Weather Influences My Mood and Activities:

The cooler air actually feels refreshing, and the red sky at sunset
made for a beautiful view. Although I’ll miss spending time outside,
the cozy atmosphere indoors has been relaxing. It’s a nice change
from the heat, making me look forward to autumn activities like
reading or cooking warm meals.

Exercise F:
1. Transportation
Weather can have a big impact on transportation. For example, heavy
rain, snow, or fog can make roads slippery and reduce visibility,
leading to slower driving and sometimes even accidents. When it’s
icy, public transport like buses and trains can be delayed or
canceled. Air travel is also affected by storms, as planes may not be
able to take off or land safely.

2. Agriculture
Farmers rely on good weather for their crops to grow well. Too much
rain can flood the fields, damaging plants, while droughts can make
the soil too dry for anything to grow. Also, sudden frosts can kill
crops, which impacts food production and prices.

3. Daily Routines
People often change their daily routines based on the weather. For
example, during hot weather, people may go outside early in the
morning or in the evening to avoid the midday heat. In cold or rainy
weather, many prefer to stay indoors, and some activities, like
outdoor sports, might be postponed.

4. Local Economy
Weather affects the economy, especially in areas that rely on tourism.
Bad weather can keep tourists away, which means less income for
hotels, restaurants, and local shops. For instance, ski resorts depend
on snow, so a warm winter can reduce their earnings. Farmers’
incomes are also affected by weather, as poor weather can lead to
smaller harvests.

5. Social Activities
Social plans can change depending on the weather. Sunny days are
perfect for outdoor events like picnics, sports, and festivals, while
rainy or cold days make people want to gather indoors, like in cafes,
theaters, or at home. Good weather can bring communities together
for outdoor activities, while bad weather often limits social events.

Translate
1. Most of England and Wales is expected to have cloudy
weather.
2. There will be heavy, scattered downpours in the morning.
3. Cloud cover will continue to build up in the afternoon.
4. Next week’s weather will be unstable.
5. If the forecast is accurate, we should prepare for rough
weather.
6. Over the past few weeks, the weather has been clear,
sunny, and very dry – the cracked ground is desperate for water.
7. For June, meteorologists predict partly cloudy skies with
occasional clear spells.
8. On Wednesday, most of Scotland will be clear, but rain and
showers are expected in the west.
9. A month of damp, rainy weather has led to flooding.
 10. Tomorrow’s forecast calls for windy weather with
precipitation, possibly even thunderstorms.
11. In September, the weather stayed clear, though thin
morning mist was common.
12. The sky was covered with a thick layer of clouds, and a
cold wind was blowing.
13. For three days, the weather was fierce – the blizzard
wouldn’t let up.
14. Heavy downpours hit particularly hard after lunch.
15. The night storm broke many trees.
16. The weather was just awful – a mix of sleet and strong
winds.
17. Temperatures will be slightly lower than recently, but
overall the weather will be pleasant.
18. A desert thunderstorm is a spectacular sight: jagged
lightning streaking across the sky.
19. The morning was foggy, but it cleared up by noon.
20. A light breeze from the sea brought a welcome coolness.
21. The rain was coming down in sheets – no way to go outside!
22. Tropical cyclones cause a great deal of damage.
23. Showers, with clear spells between them, are possible in
the west.
24. Clouds and showers will move eastward across the central
part of the country.
25. On Thursday, most of England will have clear skies.
26. Winds will be southwesterly and mostly light.